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31.
The effect of shear‐controlled orientation injection molding (SCORIM) was investigated for polybutene‐1/polypropylene blends. This article reports on the methods and processing conditions used for blending and injection molding. The properties of SCORIM moldings are compared with those of conventional moldings. SCORIM is based on the application of specific macroscopic shears to a solidifying melt. The multiple shear action enhances molecular alignment. The moldings were investigated with mechanical tests, differential scanning calorimetry studies, and polarized light microscopy. The application of SCORIM improved Young's modulus and the ultimate tensile strength. The gain in stiffness was greater for higher polybutene‐1 content blends. A drastic decrease in the strain at break and toughness was observed in SCORIM moldings. The enhanced molecular orientation of SCORIM moldings resulted in a featureless appearance of the morphology. Interfacial features due to segregation were visible in the micrographs of SCORIM moldings. Both conventional and SCORIM moldings exhibited form I′ in polybutene‐1. This article explains the relationship between the mechanical properties and micromorphologies. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 806–813, 2003 相似文献
32.
N. R. Manoj P. Sivaraman S. Praveen R. D. Raut L. Chandrasekhar B. C. Chakraborty 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2005,97(5):1763-1770
Ternary blends of thermoplastic polyurethane and a poly(vinyl chloride)/nitrile rubber blend were investigated in this work. The blends, with weight ratios of 100/0, 80/20, 40/60, 60/40, 80/20, and 0/100, were prepared via melt blending. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed that the blends with ratios of 20/80 and 80/20 were miscible, whereas the 40/60 and 60/40 blends were partially miscible. IR spectroscopy studies showed shifts in the peaks due to specific interactions in the blends. The blends showed degradation behavior between the blend components. The fracture toughness was investigated with the J‐integral by the locus method; the components and the miscible blends had good fracture toughness, whereas the other blends had lower toughness. Similar behavior was observed for the tensile properties. Scanning electron microscopy studies showed the morphological variations in the blends. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 1763–1770, 2005 相似文献
33.
We used three kinds of alkyl diallyl ammonium salts (methyl, ethyl, and propyl) in combination with dimethyloldihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU) as crosslinking agents. The nitrogen content, dry crease recovery angle (DCRA), moisture regain, and wicking height for the DMDHEU/alkyl diallyl ammonium salts were in the order of ? CH3 > ? C2H5 > ? C3H7, but the wet crease recovery angle (WCRA) and tensile strength retention (TSR) were in the opposite order at the same resin concentration. For the same DCRA and TSR, the WCRA values for only DMDHEU were lower than those for DMDHEU/alkyl diallyl ammonium salts, and the WCRA values for DMDHEU/alkyl diallyl ammonium salts were in the order of ? C3H7 > ? C2H5 > ? CH3. Both the ? OH group of the cellulose and DMDHEU could react with the vinyl or epoxy groups of the alkyl diallyl ammonium salts during the pad–dry–cure process. The surface migration for DMDHEU/alkyl diallyl ammonium salts was in the order of ? CH3 > ? C2H5 > ? C3H7. Fabrics treated with DMDHEU/alkyl diallyl ammonium salts showed good antibacterial properties. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 1662–1669, 2003 相似文献
34.
In the present study, the effects of charge‐transfer complex formation and intramolecular fragmentation (side‐chain lactonization) in radical copolymerization of tert‐butyl vinyl ether (t‐BVE) with anhydrides of maleic (MA) and citraconic (CA) acids and the structure–thermal behavior relationships of the resulting copolymers were examined using the 1H‐NMR, FTIR, DSC, and TGA analysis methods. It was shown that copolymerization under the chosen conditions proceeded through intramolecular fragmentation with the formation of γ‐lactone units. Side‐chain fragmentation of t‐BVE–MA and t‐BVE–CA copolymers also was confirmed by TGA and DSC analysis. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 2455–2463, 2006 2006 相似文献
35.
Phillip H. Henna Dejan D. Andjelkovic Petit P. Kundu Richard C. Larock 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2007,104(2):979-985
New polymeric thermosets were prepared through the bulk free‐radical copolymerization of 100% conjugated linseed oil, acrylonitrile, and divinylbenzene. Under the appropriate reaction conditions and with the appropriate curing sequence, 61–96 wt % of the oil was incorporated into the crosslinked thermosets. The resulting yellow, transparent thermosets varied from being soft and flexible to being hard and brittle. Dynamic mechanical analysis and thermogravimetric analysis showed that these thermosets had good mechanical properties and thermal stability. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 979–985, 2007 相似文献
36.
Artificial neural network approaches on composition-property relationships of jet fuels based on GC-MS 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The relationships of composition-properties of 80 jet fuels concerning chemical compositions and several specification properties including density, flashpoint, freezing point, aniline point and net heat of combustion were studied. The chemical compositions of the jet fuels were determined by GC-MS, and grouped into eight classes of hydrocarbon compounds, including n-paraffins, isoparaffins, monocyclopraffins, dicyclopraffins, alkylbenzens, naphthalenes, tetralins, hydroaromatics. Several quantitative composition-property relationships were developed with three artificial neural network (ANN) approaches, including single-layer feedforward neural network (SLFNN), multiple layer feedforward neural network (MLFNN) and general regressed neural network (GRNN). It was found that SLFNNs are adequate to predict density, freezing point and net heat of combustion, while MLFNNs produce better results as far as the flash point and aniline point prediction are concerned. Comparisons with the multiple linear regression (MLR) correlations reported and the standard ASTM methods showed that ANN approaches of composition-property relationships are significant improvement on MLR correlations, and are comparable to the standard ASTM methods. 相似文献
37.
Effects of filler on microstructure and toughening behavior of cyanate ester (CE)/bentonite (BT) nanocomposites with different content of BT have been studied by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic mechanical analysis, etc. The interesting results found by PALS indicate that the size and concentration of the free volume holes and the apparent free volume fraction increased with increasing the content of BT, which indicates that adding nano‐layers to thermosetting materials can lead to the high crosslinking density structure “looser.” The experimental results reveal that the increases in size of free volume holes and apparent free volume fraction are related to the increasing conversion of cure reaction. On the other hand, the mechanism of toughening (by adding the nano‐clay to the thermosetting material) has been discussed by combining free volume and interfacial property. It is shown that, for the high crosslinking thermosetting material‐based nanocomposites, both the property of free volume and dispersion state of nano‐layers are the two key factors in determining toughening property. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 1509–1515, 2006 相似文献
38.
A series of statistical copolymers derived from 2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate with four different hydrophobic comonomers (ethyl, butyl, cyclohexyl, and octyl methacrylates) have been prepared via conventional free radical copolymerization under bulk conditions. The copolymers have been subsequently modified, with 1,3‐propanesultone to yield the corresponding polysulfoproylbetaine derivatives. Those copolymers exhibiting the requisite aqueous solubility have been screened with respect to their antimicrobial activity against two common and notorious pathogens, namely Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). We show that certain copolymers do indeed exhibit antimicrobial activity. The extent of activity is related to the molecular characteristics of the materials such as the molar composition and structure of the hydrophobic comonomer. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 1036–1041, 2006 相似文献
39.
A review of analytical modeling of particulate reinforcement is made as a prelude to the problem of microstructural inhomogeneity in nanocomposite materials. Noting the inevitability of dispersion nonuniformity, and variations in agglomerate morphology and filler‐matrix interaction, the need to question the application of such models to novel materials arises. Employing the mechanical properties of alumina/epoxy nanocomposites, with known dispersion characteristics, an evaluation of the predictive capability of various models for Young's modulus, strength, and failure strain is made. Comparison between models is accompanied by a discussion of the parameters used in the fitting of macroscopic behavior to microstructural features. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 869–879, 2005 相似文献
40.
Hydraulic resistance of rigid polyurethane foams to penetration by water at high pressures is studied in this work in the context of buoyancy applications. Micron sized silica particles are used as nucleating agents. The effect of the variation of the concentrations of the surfactant, water, and nucleating agent on cell structure, closed cell content, and compressive modulus, is examined. Foams have densities in the range of 145 to 165 kg/m3. At a particular water concentration, with increase in the concentration of the surfactant, the window area of the cells becomes smaller and the hydraulic resistance of the foam increases. A cell window is the lamella of the foam material that separates two adjacent cells. With increase in the concentration of water keeping surfactant concentration constant, the average window area remains almost the same but the cell window area distribution becomes wider and the hydraulic resistance of the foams decreases. Foams made with silica have smaller cell windows but lower hydraulic resistance than that of the foams made without silica. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 2830–2837, 2004 相似文献