高砂比压裂技术研究

应用由美国ＮＳＩ公司引进的“ｓｔｉｍｐｌａｎ”拟三维压裂设计软件，对影响裂缝内支撑剂铺置浓度的诸因素进行了灰色关联度分析，从中找出了主要的影响因素。并以高砂比压裂的技术指标为依据，研究了在目前压裂工艺水平下，进行高砂比压裂所必须遵循的原则。文中还对国内的高砂比压裂进行了实例分析，进一步论证了文中的观点。     

乙烯裂解炉辐射段流动与燃烧的三维数值模拟

用计算流体力学软件Fluent6.2对中国石油化工股份有限公司燕山分公司E-BA-107乙烯裂解炉辐射段内的流动和燃烧做了三维数值模拟研究。为保证计算的准确性,使用GAMBIT2.2软件建立了与裂解炉实际尺寸完全一致的几何模型;在计算过程中采用了标准k-ε湍流模型、离散坐标辐射模型和有限速率/涡流耗散燃烧反应模型等计算模型。通过模拟计算得到了裂解炉炉膛内的温度、烟气流速及烟气组成的分布:底部燃烧器和侧壁燃烧器的燃烧使附近的炉墙处于温度分布均匀的高温区,为裂解反应提供了均匀的辐射墙面;炉管底部比其他部位的温度低;底部燃烧器的高速射流产生的旋涡可为炉管提供一定的对流热;出口烟气的平均温度和组成的模拟计算值与设计值接近,表明数值模拟有较高的精度,具有实际意义。     

中国第一口超千米深水钻井液技术

LW3-1-1探井位于中国南海珠江口盆地，作业水深1480m，完钻井深为3843m，地层以大套灰色泥岩和页岩为主，具有强水敏性．要求钻井液具有良好的流变性、润滑性、抑制性，良好的抗盐、抗钙、抗高温和抗低温能力，以及强的天然气水合物抑制能力。该井采用了PFMX钻井液体系，钻井周期为49d，介绍了钻井液工艺及现场应用情况。PFMX体系表现出很多油基钻井液的优点，如好的润滑性、高的钻进速率、膜效应、强的井眼稳定及页岩抑制性，解决了强水敏性地层的井壁稳定等问题，还解决了深水钻井中遇到的挑战，如低的破裂压力梯度、天然气永合物、浅层水流、深水低温等问题，满足了该区块作业需要。     

电流变流体的研究进展

电流变流体是近年来逐渐受人们重视的一种功能材料，本文介绍其国内、外发展过程及研究现状。     

岩石液压致裂中几个问题的研究

论证了流体压力变化与岩石强度变化之间的关系，阐述了流体保持与释放的应力条件和构造环境，总结了两种围岩下的液压致裂模型及其流量方程。     

聚醚多元醇钻井液研制及应用

以新研制的多功能聚醚多元醇SYP-1为主剂,对聚合物包被剂、防塌剂和降滤失剂进行了优选实验.在此基础上,研制了一种新型的聚醚多元醇钻井液.对聚醚多元醇钻井液的抑制性、流变性、滤失造壁性、润滑性以及对油气层的保护性能进行了室内评价实验,并分析了该钻井液的作用机理.在LN3-6H井和HD4-23H井进行的聚醚多元醇钻井液现场试验表明,在钻进过程中井壁稳定,井径规则,起、下钻畅通,井下安全,测井、下套管及固井作业顺利.室内实验和现场应用表明,聚醚多元醇钻井液具有优良的防塌性和润滑性,能有效地抑制岩屑分散,起到稳定井壁和保护油气层的作用,满足复杂地质条件下钻井的需要.     

磨削加工中磨削液对砂轮堵塞影响的试验分析

砂轮堵塞是影响砂轮耐用度的重要指标，磨削液在磨削加工中起到润滑、冷却、清洗等作用，对砂轮的堵塞有着较大影响．文章通过试验，分析了磨削液对砂轮堵塞的原因．     

Equilibrium distribution of water in the two-phase system supercritical carbon dioxide–textile

When natural fibres are dyed in supercritical carbon dioxide, the addition of a small amount of water increases coloration. For a process design it is important to know how much water has to be added to obtain a desired humidity of both textile and carbon dioxide. In this work a thermodynamic model is proposed to calculate the distribution of water over the textile phase and the supercritical phase as a function of pressure and temperature. The phase equilibrium is described with Raoult's law for non-ideal fluids. The absorbed water in the textile is a condensed phase and is modelled here as a non-ideal liquid, using the NRTL-equation. The non-ideality of the supercritical phase is described by a solubility enhancement factor, a new equation derived from statistical thermodynamics. Although the model is applied to cotton, viscose, silk and wool, it can be used for all water absorbing textiles.     

Simulation of Natural Depletion and Miscible Gas Injection Effects on Asphaltene Stability in Petroleum Reservoir Fluids

Natural depletion of petroleum reservoirs as well as gas injection for enhance oil recovery, are unavoidable processes in the oil industry. Foremost, prediction of the problems due to these two processes is very necessary and important. So many field and experimental experiences have shown that heavy organic depositions, especially asphaltene deposition, are principal results during these processes. Results of laboratory simulation of asphaltene deposition during the natural depletion of petroleum reservoirs and also during gas injection and enhanced oil recovery (EOR) processes are reported here. This is achieved through the design of a new experimental setup for the investigation of pressure and composition effects on asphaltene deposition in petroleum fluids at high pressure and high temperature conditions. In this work, asphaltene deposition during decreasing pressure, from pressures greater than reservoir pressure to pressures below the bubble point pressure (natural depletion) and also asphaltene deposition during natural gas injection in reservoir conditions, are studied for three samples—one recombined sample and two bottomhole samples. All of the obtained results from this work conform to theoretical and other experimental works.     

Parallelism in ILU-preconditioned GMRES

A parallel implementation of the preconditioned GMRES method is described. The method is used to solve the discretized incompressible Navier–Stokes equations. A parallel implementation of the inner product is given, which appears to be scalable on a massively parallel computer. The most difficult part to parallelize is the ILU-preconditioner. We parallelize the preconditioner using ideas proposed by Bastian and Horton (P. Bastian, G. Horton, SIAM. J. Stat. Comput. 12 (1991) 1457–1470). Contrary to some other parallel methods, the required number of iterations is independent of the number of processors used. A model is presented to predict the efficiency of the method. Experiments are done on the Cray T3D, computing the solution of a two-dimensional incompressible flow. Predictions of computing time show good correspondence with measurements.