Virtual biopsy of the joint tissues using near-infrared, reflectance confocal microscopy. A pilot study

Standard noninvasive imaging techniques applied to joints provide gross morphological features, insufficient for assessing histological detail. On the other hand, biopsying is invasive, time consuming, and may involve unwanted processing artifacts. Near-infrared reflectance confocal microscopy is a technique that allows serial, high-resolution optical sectioning through intact tissues without employing exogenous fluorescent stains. The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential utility of near-infrared reflectance confocal microscopy for providing immediate histological information on meniscus, articular cartilage, epiphyseal plate, bone, muscle, and tendon. Images from near-infrared reflectance confocal microscopy were compared with mirror routine histology sections. Characteristic architectural features were readily visualized in the three dimensions of space. Additionally, the use of experimental contrast agents highlighted the localization of nuclei. Limitations include penetration depth and minor optical artifacts. In conclusion, near-infrared reflectance confocal microscopy is a useful technique for immediate, nondestructive, serial "virtual" sectioning through intact tissues, being thus a potential adjunct to current imaging techniques in orthopedics.     

Time-correlated single-photon counting fluorescence lifetime confocal imaging of decayed and sound dental structures with a white-light supercontinuum source

We report the demonstration of time‐correlated single‐photon counting (TCSPC) fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) to ex vivo decayed and healthy dentinal tooth structures, using a white‐light supercontinuum excitation source. By using a 100 fs‐pulsed Ti:Sapphire laser with a low‐frequency chirp to pump a 30‐cm long section of photonic crystal fibre, a ps‐pulsed white‐light supercontinuum was created. Optical bandpass interference filters were then applied to this broad‐bandwidth source to select the 488‐nm excitation wavelength required to perform TCSPC FLIM of dental structures. Decayed dentine showed significantly shorter lifetimes, discriminating it from healthy tissue and hard, stained and thus affected but non‐infected material. The white‐light generation source provides a flexible method of producing variable‐bandwidth visible and ps‐pulsed light for TCSPC FLIM. The results from the dental tissue indicate a potential method of discriminating diseased tissue from sound, but stained tissue, which could be of crucial importance in limiting tissue resection during preparation for clinical restorations.     

基于人工神经网络的医疗设备故障诊断研究

医疗设备的故障十分复杂 ,快速有效的诊断非常重要。本文以益鸟 4 0 2型超声雾化器为研究对象 ,建立了其故障逻辑判断图 ,利用人工神经网络 ,构建了设备故障诊断的专家系统。应用表明该方法的有效性     

基于关键设备工序紧凑的工序分类、分批的Job-Shop调度算法

通过对产品加工树的分解,可将产品加工工序分为存在具有唯一紧前、紧后相关工序和独立工序,在对这两类工序研究分批综合应用拟关键路径法(ACPM)和最佳适应调度方法(BFSM)调度时,考虑关键设备的工序紧凑性。通过分析与实例验证,所提出的调度方法对解决复杂Job-Shop调度问题不仅算法简练而且效果较好。     

基于人眼光学模型的角膜模型的研究

位于眼球最前端的角膜是人眼光学系统的主要屈光元件之一,建立角膜模型具有重要的研究和临床意义。基于角膜面型的非球面特性,应用光学设计软件Zemax,从光学成像角度,提出了结合人眼光学模型的角膜双二次曲面模型的建立,并结合国人正视眼和近视眼的有关实测数据和分析结果,以人眼的波像差为评价函数,通过对初始模型眼的优化,给出了符合我国人眼特点的正视眼和近视眼模型中的角膜模型,讨论了矫正近视的矫正眼模型中的角膜理想模型和可用于角膜屈光手术中的切削模型。基于人眼光学模型的角膜双二次曲面模型也可为波像差引导的个性化角膜切削方案提供一个更适于实际应用的数字化模型。     

一种简易移位控制器的设计与制作

根据步进控制程序的设计思路,用集成电路、少量独立电子元件、电力电子开关器件等设计了一种简易步进移位控制器。按此设计制作的移位控制器经过在实验室环境下测试,证明了本文设计方案的可行性。     

基于改进MC算法的DICOM格式CT图像三维重建

保证MC算法所抽取等值面的拓扑正确并作有效实现是医学三维应用的关键技术。本文对MC算法的内部拓扑歧义判定方法作了改进,使其更为简单直观,并以此为基础开发了CT序列图像三维重建系统。系统读入D ICOM格式的CT图像数据,封装成由立方体单元组成的规则体数据,用改进的MC算法抽取等值面,得到三角网格模型,为后续基于三角网格的医用修复体设计研究打好了基础。     

医院高层病房楼电梯设计思考

以北京某大型三甲医院高层外科病房楼电梯设置为例,反思医院高层病房楼电梯设计及使用中所产生的问题和解决方案。目的是从设计角度对竖向交通安排在前期方案设计、论证过程中给予充分重视,为今后的高层医院设计提供借鉴。     

医院的电气安全设计

以国际电工委员会IEC和有关国家(美国、日本和中国)对医院和医用电气设备安全规定为准,介绍医用电气设备及其环境的安全要求和相应的安全措施。     

浅谈智能疏散照明系统在医疗建筑的应用

本文介绍了智能照明疏散系统与传统疏散照明系统的比较及优势,并通过工程实例介绍本系统在医疗建筑中的应用。