Obituaries: Elizabeth Douvan (1926-2002).

Presents an obituary for Elizabeth Douvan (1926-2002). Douvan was a pioneer in the study of changing gender, work, and family roles; personal values; and well-being in the second half of the 20th century. Through her research, she contributed to the interdisciplinary fields of social psychology and women's studies while building and strengthening institutions that remain committed to the same mission. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Stress in Dairy Farming and the Adoption of New Technology.

Previous studies have identified a number of different farm stressors and have reported gender and age differences in levels of stress. This study aimed to determine stress experienced by New Zealand dairy farmers, particularly in relation to adoption of new technology and its relationship to age and gender. Measures of farm stress and adoption of technology were completed by 985 dairy farmers. The highest levels of stress were reported for time pressures, machinery breakdown, weather, and government policies. Stress related to new technologies occurred rarely. Women reported more stress and higher levels of stress for understanding new technologies. There was also an increase in severity of stress with age related to new technologies. Overall, stress levels were moderate and may reflect favorable economic conditions. The findings suggest a need to tailor stress interventions to meet specific needs. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

专用设备驱动程序交互式生成器的设计与实现

主要作为电子高科技的重点领域，专用实时设备无论类别和型号，抑或数量和质量，均与日俱增，令人目不暇接。它们的高效管理与灵活加接，是任何计算机专用实时系统不可或缺的基本功能，其驱动模块随之成为任何专用实时系统无法回避的设计难点。本文介绍我们自行研制的专用实时设备驱动程序交互式生成器ＲＴＤＧ的设计与实现。     

Structuration bridging diffusion of innovations and gender relations theories: a case of paradigmatic pluralism in IS research

This paper discusses the adoption of a pluralist theoretical framework – one that is also multiparadigmatic – for conducting and publishing information system (IS) research. The discussion is illustrated by a single case study involving the Australian cotton industry. The theoretical framework is informed by three sociological theories, each with its particular paradigmatic assumptions: structuration theory as a meta‐theory, and diffusion of innovations and gender relations as lower‐level theories from notionally opposing paradigms. Theoretical pluralism helped to produce rich findings, illuminating both the social nature of women farmers' roles, the materiality of the cotton farming context, the characteristics of the decision support systems in use and the recursive way in which human agency and institutional pressures shape each other. Because users of so‐called divergent paradigms often face criticism based on the incommensurability issue, one of the main contributions of this paper is to discuss the value of a pluralist and multiparadigmatic theoretical framework in dealing with complex IS social phenomena.     

Exploring age and gender differences of computational thinkers in primary school: A developmental perspective

Over the past decade, the call to foster computational thinking (CT) in every child has received considerable attention. However, there is little understanding of whether children are developmentally ready to think computationally and what specific CT concepts and skills can be developed at various ages. This study explored the developmental and gender differences in CT skills of 197 Grade 4–6 students (aged 9–13) before being exposed to instruction and investigated the age–gender interaction effects on their CT acquisition in an intervention combining both programming and non-programming (unplugged) activities. Results show that students' CT skills followed a developmental progression before instruction. Gender difference across ages was insignificant in conditionals, logical operators, pattern recognition and generalization skills. Additionally, students of different ages developed CT differently during the intervention, and their CT acquisition was unaffected by gender. Implications for practice and research in CT education were discussed.     

Social class, child age, and parental socialization values.

Upper-, middle-, and lower-class parents were asked to explain a proverb which had both "growth" and "stability" interpretations to their 11- and 16-yr-old sons. The growth interpretation was overwhelmingly endorsed by most parents. With 16-yr-olds, lower-middle-class parents continued to endorse the growth interpretation; most upper-class parents endorsed the stability interpretation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Attributions and Anger in Early Marriage: Wives Are Event-Dependent and Husbands Are Schematic.

Two types of attribution believed to predict anger in married couples were investigated. Wives' anger was expected to be predicted by event-dependent attributions, appraisals based on the unique aspects of one's current situation. Husbands' anger was expected to be predicted by schematic attributions, appraisals based on one's global sentiment in the relationship. Seventy-seven recently married couples attended 2 assessment sessions, and each couple identified 4 incidents pertaining to unresolved relationship issues. Participants rated their event-dependent attributions and their anger prior to a discussion for each incident. They also completed questionnaires regarding schematic attributions and relationship sentiment. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to distinguish between the 2 types of attribution. Strong support was found for the expected gender differences. Results suggest that wives are particularly attentive to the details of interpersonal interaction. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Predicting Occupational Coping Responses: The Interactive Effect of Gender and Work Stressor Context.

This study examined whether gender and work stressor context interacted to affect reports of occupational coping strategies. Participants (N=113) were asked to indicate how they would cope with both self-focused (i.e., solitary) and interpersonal (i.e., group) work overload contexts by providing responses to the Cybernetic Coping Scale (J. Edwards & A. J. Baglioni, 1993). Consistent with the hypothesized interaction, male and female participants evidenced similar coping strategies in the self-focused work overload context, whereas female participants showed significantly higher use of coping (T2=.08, p     

Concordance in Attachment States of Mind and Styles With Respect to Fathers and Mothers.

It is believed that by adulthood, independent attachments to the mother and the father coalesce into a single state of mind with respect to attachment. If true, states of mind with respect to mothers and fathers should be concordant. Fifty-six young adults were administered two versions of the Adult Attachment Interview, each of which asked about their relationship with one parent. State of mind with respect to the father was significantly related to state of mind with respect to the mother, as were attachment styles regarding the two parents. Perceptions of attachment styles were not very related to corresponding states of mind but were related to inferred loving from a parent. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)