How purchase intention consummates purchase behaviour: the stochastic nature of product valuation in electronic commerce

This study challenges the conventional assumption that online customers with high purchase intention routinely move to the purchase stage. To this end, the process of how online customers form purchase intention and behaviour is examined. On the basis of product value distribution (PVD), we propose that the hypothetically expected product value (i.e. PVD average) determines purchase intention, whereas the actual probability of attaining the expected product value (i.e. PVD variance) moderates purchase behaviour. This proposal indicates that the expected product value has significance only when repeated purchase is assumed given that most consumers do not repeatedly purchase the same product in reality. Thus, the actual probability of attaining the expected product value more critically affects customer behaviour than does its expected value. The effectiveness of the research model is verified by conducting a survey on 300 online mall shoppers in Korea. The results confirm model effectiveness.     

基于眨眼持续时间的司机疲劳检测方法

利用红外敏感的摄像机获得司机脸部图像,通过可变性模板匹配的方法对眼睛进行定位,然后利用卡尔曼滤波的方法跟踪眼睛,得到司机的眨眼持续时间参数,以此为依据判断司机是否疲劳.主要研究了其中的图像处理方法--特征提取算法和眼睛定位、跟踪算法.实验结果证明,眨眼持续时间判断是否疲劳的有效指标.     

行走前后对地板抗滑性的主观评量分析

目的调查行走前后地板抗滑性主观评量的影响因素及二者之间的关系。方法设计了4因子实验。实验因子包含地板粗糙度、地板表面情况、鞋底材质和照明情况。被试在步道待试区对地板感知抗滑性给出1(非常滑)-5(不滑)的评分;待走过实验步道后,再次对地板感知抗滑性给出评分,并对自觉滑动感(PSOS)做出评分。运用SAS分析软件对得到数据进行统计分析。结果地板粗糙度、地板表面情况和照明水平对实验前主观抗滑性存在显着的影响(P0.0001);鞋底材质、地板粗糙度和地板表面情况对实验后主观抗滑性及自觉滑动感(PSOS)存在显着的影响;地板粗糙度与实验前(r=0.38,P0.0001)与实验后(r=0.52,P0.0001)的主观抗滑性均为正相关;实验后的主观抗滑性与自觉滑动感为高度负相关(r=-0.84,P0.0001)。结论行走前地板主观抗滑性显著的受地板粗糙度、地板表面情况、照明水平的影响;行走后地板主观抗滑性显著的受鞋底材质、地板粗糙度和地板表面情况的影响。     

Psychosocial aspects of children and families treated with hemodialysis

Introduction: The aim of this study was to analyze the selected psychosocial aspects of chronic kidney disease in children treated with hemodialysis (HD). Methods: The study included 25 children treated with HD aged 2 to 18 years and their parents. Data concerning the illness and socio‐demographic parameters was collected. We used the Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) for patients and for their parents the PedsQL‐proxy version, General Health Questionnaire (GHQ‐12), Berlin Social Support Scales (BSSS), and the Caregivers Burden Scale (CBS) to evaluate health‐related quality of life (QoL) of HD children and their primary caregivers. Findings: In the PedsQL test, the QoL of HD children was lower than in healthy children. Children treated with HD assessed their QoL on the PedsQL questionnaire higher than the primary caregivers, on all subscales as well as an overall health‐related QoL. Scoring below 2 on the GHQ‐12 test was reported in 56% of mothers, which may indicate that psychological symptoms have intensified. There was no correlation between BSSS, CBS, and GHQ‐12. Discussion: The assessment of QoL in pediatric patients would allow for the earliest possible identification of their nonsomatic problems and irregularities. This could, consequently, contribute to improving QoL in both children with chronic kidney disease and their families.     

Perceived production complexity – understanding more than parts of a system

To successfully manage today’s complex production systems it is essential to study operators’ perception of the system. The paper presents perceived production complexity assessed at seven manufacturing companies with the CompleXity Index (CXI) method. While other methods have measured product variants, layout, work content, tools and information items, CXI combines them into three areas. These three complexity areas (Station design, Work variance and Disturbance handling) help to create an understanding of the complex system by visualising how they contribute to complexity, and show the need to support the operators’ ability to handle the varying work.     

User‐perceived Availability of a Software Rejuvenation Model with Recovery Time Omission

In this paper, the idea of omitting the recovery time when it is too short that it can be considered as negligible is incorporated in a software rejuvenation model. Two new models are introduced, in which the instantaneous availability is defined when firstly the rejuvenation time and secondly both rejuvenation and repair times can be omitted. The main purpose consists in regarding system software as operational when the time spent in a non‐operational state, like the rejuvenation and the failure states, does not exceed a predefined time threshold. By modeling the evolution of such a software rejuvenation model using continuous‐time Markov chains, we define its availability depending on whether the rejuvenation and the repair critical times are constant or random variables. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Heuristics for the multi-period orienteering problem with multiple time windows

We present the multi-period orienteering problem with multiple time windows (MuPOPTW), a new routing problem combining objective and constraints of the orienteering problem (OP) and team orienteering problem (TOP), constraints from standard vehicle routing problems, and original constraints from a real-world application. The problem itself comes from a real industrial case. Specific route duration constraints result in a route feasibility subproblem. We propose an exact algorithm for this subproblem, and we embed it in a variable neighborhood search method to solve the whole routing problem. We then provide experimental results for this method. We compare them to a commercial solver. We also adapt our method to standard benchmark OP and TOP instances, and provide comparative tables with state-of-the-art algorithms.     

网页驻留时间约束的用户访问序列挖掘

对Web用户的访问序列进行分析,可以发现用户的爱好、兴趣、习惯等因素,为Web网站的升级修正提供必要的信息支持,提出一种通过对用户访问序列进行分析的数据挖掘方法,该方法采用网页驻留时间为参数来约减会话序列中的网页数,压缩频繁访问序列的规模。实验结果表明,该算法可以降低挖掘成本,为Web用户的商业数据挖掘提供有益的借鉴。     

Moving-in-pulse duration model-based target integration method for HSV-borne high-resolution radar

Hypersonic vehicles (HSVs) offer great advantages over airplanes and satellites, owing to their hypersonic speeds and flexible trajectories. However, HSV-borne radar may suffer from performance degradation if traditional target integration methods with stop-and-go (SAG) approximation are applied; this is especially true for high resolution radar and applications that utilize long-time coherent integration. In this paper, we consider the effects of moving-in-pulse duration (MPD) to derive an HSV-borne radar signal model without SAG approximation by specifically characterizing platform motion during the transmission and reception of a pulse. An explicit formula for wavenumber domain echo is derived using the 2-D joint stationary phase method. To mitigate the pulse-dependent echo distortion induced by the MPD effect, a target integration method based on the omega-K algorithm is proposed; this method employs revised filters for bulk focusing and revised Stolt interpolation for differential focusing to improve the overall focusing quality. The paper discusses the ambiguity functions of in-range MPD echo models, and describes the performance metrics for the integration results in both dimensions, including impulse response width (IRW), peak sidelobe ratio (PSLR), and integrated sidelobe ratio (ISLR). Simulation results have verified the effectiveness of the proposed method in MPD circumstances.