Microstructure refinement of Sn-Sb Peritectic alloy by power ultrasonic

Sn-Sb peritectic alloy was treated with 400 W, 600 W and 800 W ultrasonic, respectively, to study the effect of power ultrasonic on solidification microstructure. Results show that power ultrasonic can refine α phase and β phase of the alloy, as well as eliminate gravitational segregation. Moreover, 600 W ultrasonic demonstrated the best refining effect, not only homogenous and fine solidification microstructure can be obtained, the cubical β phase crystals can also be spheroidized.     

Al3Zr和Al3Nb作为铝合金晶粒细化剂的晶体学研究

利用edge-to-edgematching模型从晶体学角度研究Al3zr和Al3Nb两种金属间化合物作为铝合金晶粒细化剂的有效性。结果表明,Al3zr和Al3Nb两种金属间化合物和铝之间的原子间距错配和面间距错配值都很小。此外,模型预测Al3zr和Al3Nb两种金属间化合物与铝之间存在良好的晶粒取向关系。根据模型理论可以从晶体学角度证明这两种金属间化合物对铝合金是有效的晶粒异质形核细化剂。本晶体学研究为包晶铝合金Al-Zr和Al-Nb中出现的明显晶粒细化现象提供了合理解释,同时为理解晶粒细化机理提供了新方法。     

包晶合金的定向凝固与生长

综述了包晶合金定向凝固中包晶相的形核与生长机制，讨论了利用最高界面生长温度假设以及成分过冷和充分形核判据下包晶合金的微观组织与相选择规律，对包晶相的3种生长机制进行了分析，并在Sn-Cu包晶合金定向凝固实验中发现其包晶反应不仅存在于凝固界面处，在后续冷却过程中也能进行，最后针对国内外包晶合金定向凝固研究的现状，提出了其需要进一步研究的问题。     

定向凝固包晶合金带状组织的形成机制及相选择Ⅰ.带状组织的形成机制

对定向凝固包晶合金在不同生长条件下,初生相和包晶相分别作为单相和充分形核相以低速平界面生长时,从初始到稳态的整个过渡区间,两相在界面及界面前沿液相中的溶质分布进行了分析,利用充分形核假设和成分过冷准则以及相稳定生长的最高界面温度判据,分析了初始过渡区内可能发生的第二相形核转变,确定了形成带状组织的成分条件,考虑到相生长的历史相关性,将带状组织区分为周期性带状组织区和单一带状组织区,更能够对实验现象进行合理的解释,对Ti-Al合金的计算结果与理论分析一致。     

拉速对包晶钢镀锡板连铸坯中夹杂物的影响

为了研究提高拉速对包晶类镀锡板连铸坯中夹杂物的影响,采用自动扫描电镜研究了不同拉速下包晶类镀锡板连铸坯中夹杂物的分布规律。结果表明,将包晶类镀锡板连铸拉速从1.3 m/min依次提高到1.4和1.5 m/min时,结晶器液面波动大于3 mm的比例都小于0.40%。拉速为1.4和1.5 m/min下连铸坯厚度四分之一处大于3μm的夹杂物数密度平均值分别为1.15和1.36个/mm²,面积百分数平均值分别为0.001 9%和0.002 4%,均低于拉速为1.3 m/min时的测量值。将拉速从1.3 m/min提高到1.5 m/min过程中,结晶器液面控制平稳,连铸坯表层大于10μm夹杂物数密度和面积百分数均呈减小趋势,最终实现了包晶类镀锡板高拉速稳定的工业化生产。     

大方坯低碳包晶钢连铸坯表面凹陷成因及对策

浅析南钢大方坯钢低碳包晶钢连铸坯表面凹陷的成因及所采取的对策。     

The B-rich side of the B–C phase diagram

The melting behavior of ß-boron at the boron-rich side of the B–C binary phase diagram is a long standing question whether eutectic or peritectic. Floating zone experiments have been employed to determine the melting type on a series of C-containing feed-rods prepared by powder metallurgy and sinter techniques. Melting point data as a function of carbon-content clearly yielded a peritectic reaction isotherm: L+B_4+δC=(ßB). The partition coefficient of carbon is ~2.6. The experimental melting point data were used to improve the existing thermodynamic modeling of the system B–C. Relative to the thermodynamically accepted melting point of pure ßB (T_M=2075 °C), the calculated reaction isotherm is determined at 2100.6 °C, a peritectic point at 0.75 at% C and a maximum solid solubility of 1.43 at% C in (ßB) at reaction temperature. With the new melting data the refractory system Hf–B–C has been recalculated and the liquidus surface is presented. The influence of the melting behavior of (ßB) on the phase reactions in the B-rich corner of M–B–C diagrams will be discussed and demonstrated in case of the Ti–B–C system.     

包晶凝固研究进展

综合评述了近十几年来包晶凝固领域有关理论和实验研究的进展情况 ,指出了目前所存在的不足之处以及今后的研究方向     

Numerical Simulation on Irregular Shrinkage of Initial Shell in Continuous Casting of Steel

BothresearchresultsandinduStrialoperationshaveshownthat,Whencastingsteelgradeswiththemassfractionofcarbonwearound0.I%,thetendencyofproducings~edefects,suchasdepressionandlongitUdinalcrack,isthehighest[I--3].Thesesurfacedefectsaregenerallyresultedinby...     

Fast Fabrication of High-Performance CoSb3-Based Thermoelectric Skutterudites via One-Step Yb-Promoted Peritectic Solidification

As a most promising mid-temperature thermoelectric material, CoSb₃-based bulk material exhibits an applicable figure-of-merit (ZT) of more than one. However, their fabrication is historically time-consuming due to the long-time solid-state phase transitions from CoSb₂ to CoSb₃. To overcome this challenge, here, a fast one-step process is developed to fabricate n-type Yb-doped CoSb₃ with stable ZT of 1.12 at 765 K in <5 h. Experiments confirm Yb promotes peritectic reactions of CoSb + Liquid → CoSb₂ and CoSb₂ + Liquid → CoSb₃, optimizes power factor, and suppresses thermal conductivity. Moreover, the dense grains, induced by the one-step crystallization, result in outstanding mechanical properties with a Young's modulus of 171.4 GPa and a hardness of 8.8 GPa in the Yb-doped CoSb₃. This study indicates that the fast one-step fabrication route can effectively promote the practical applications of CoSb₃-based thermoelectrics and provide guidance for thermoelectric fabrication via rational phase design.