三维数字航道的设计与实现

针对我国内河航道水深季节变化大、航行安全要求高的特点,本文运用虚拟现实、三维地理信息系统、计算机图形图像处理等技术,对三维航道数据库、水下地形建模及疏浚分析、水体可视化、实时水位可视化、航标建模及可视化等关键技术进行攻关,并以长江重庆航道示范段为例,建立三维数字航道系统,支持实时航标、船舶、水位信息集成。本文在推进航道精细化管理、增强水上安全方面具有重要作用。     

蓄水期库岸古滑坡的水动力学响应监测——以三峡库区泄滩滑坡为例

水库岸坡失稳是伴随水电工程建设而产生的一种地质灾害，一般认为主要是由于水库蓄水或运营导致岸坡水动力条件的不利演化造成的。国内外水库岸坡失稳的实例很多，但是岸坡的水动力条件演化过程主要以渗流计算所获得的渗流场作为依据，缺乏系统完整的现场监测资料。以三峡水库蓄水为契机，在湖北秭归县泄滩古滑坡体上建立了一套自动水文监测系统，监测内容包括水库水位、滑坡体水位、渗压与降雨量等。从监测成果来看，岸坡的水位(或渗压)上升速度明显滞后于库水位上升速度，滞后时间与岸坡的渗透性有关，滑带、滑坡影响带和基岩的渗透性相对较弱，滞后时间较长，但是滑坡体的渗透性良好，滞后时间较短；水位观测井的观测成果存在误导，需要结合观测井结构进行分析，建议尽可能使用标准管结构；降雨引起的滑坡体水位上升量和滞后时间与降雨强度关系密切，降雨强度越大水位上升量越大，水位开始上涨的时间越短。因此，对降雨的影响分析有必要考虑雨型，确定合适的基准时间单位。就泄滩滑坡而言，以小时为基本时间单位较为合适。     

水泥稳定碎石基层应用分析与质量控制

结合铜陵市坝白路改建工程的水泥稳定碎石基层的配比、施工实践,分析了水泥稳定碎石基层的特性、配比,阐述了施工质量控制的关键步骤,并就拌合设备的选择等应注意的几个问题提出了建议。     

Modelling qualitative and quantitative parameters of groundwater using a new wavelet conjunction heuristic method: wavelet extreme learning machine versus wavelet neural networks

In recent years, as a result of climate change as well as rainfall reduction in arid and semi‐arid regions, modelling qualitative and quantitative parameters belonging to aquifers has become crucially important. In Iran, as aquifers are treated as the most commonly used drinking water resources, modelling their qualitative and quantitative parameters is enormously important. In this paper, for the first time, values of salinity, total dissolved solids (TDS), groundwater level (GWL) and electrical conductivity (EC) of the Arak Plain, located in Markazi Province, Iran, are simulated by means of four modern artificial intelligence models including extreme learning machine (ELM), wavelet extreme learning machine (WELM), online sequential extreme learning machine (OSELM) and wavelet online sequential extreme learning machine (WOSELM) as well as the MODFLOW software for a 15‐year period monthly. To develop the hybrid artificial intelligence models, the wavelet is employed. First, the effective lags in estimating the qualitative and quantitative parameters of the groundwater are identified using the autocorrelation function (ACF) and the partial autocorrelation function (PACF) analysis. After that, four different models are developed by the selected input combinations and also the ACF and the PACF in the form of different lags for each of ELM, WAELM, OSELM and WOSELM methods. Then, the superior models in simulating the groundwater qualitative and qualitative parameters are detected by conducting a sensitivity analysis. To forecast the electrical conductivity (EC) by the best WOSELM model, the values of the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NSC), Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and the scatter index (SI) are obtained to be 0.991, 18.005 and 4.28E‐03, respectively. In addition, the most effective lags in estimating these parameters are introduced. Subsequently, the results found by the MODFLOW model are compared with those of the artificial intelligence models and it is concluded that the latter are more accurate. For instance, the scatter index and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient values calculated by WOSELM for TDS, respectively, are 5.34E‐03 and 0.991. Finally, an uncertainty analysis is conducted to evaluate the performance of different numerical models. For example, MODFLOW has an underestimated performance in simulating the salinity parameter.     

河南WR-1地热井降压试验水位校正的应用研究

一般的单井稳定流抽水试验,可直接利用从孔口测得的水位降深与对应的流量关系,求取含水层的水文地质参数。但对地热井而言,由于在抽水过程中,井筒内水温的变化可对井中水位产生较大影响,故不宜直接利用降压试验前测得的静水位埋深和孔口所测的水位降深值,而应该进行静水位和动水位的校正(刘永贵,2016),才能与观测的水位埋深、水量、水温相匹配进行参数计算(高新智,2015)。文章以尉氏县WR-1地热井馆陶组降压试验静水位、动水位校正实例,阐述地热井降压试验水位校正的有效性和必要性。     

基于正交设计的WLCSP柔性无铅焊点随机激励应力应变分析

对晶圆级芯片尺寸封装(wafer level chip scale package, WLCSP)柔性无铅焊点进行了随机振动应力应变有限元分析. 以1号柔性层厚度、2号柔性层厚度、上焊盘直径和下焊盘直径四个结构参数作为关键因素,采用正交表设计了16种不同结构参数组合的柔性焊点,获取了16组应力数据并进行了方差分析. 结果表明:焊点内最大应力应变随1号柔性层厚度和2号柔性层厚度的增加而减小;在置信度99%时,下焊盘直径和上焊盘直径对应力具有高度显著影响,在置信度95%时1号柔性层厚度和2号柔性层厚度对应力具有显著影响;各因素对应力影响排序为:下焊盘直径影响最大,其次是上焊盘直径,再次是1号柔性层厚度,最后是2号柔性层厚度.     

锻造CoCrMo合金关节材料的滑动摩擦腐蚀行为

采用UMT-2多功能摩擦磨损试验机和电化学工作站(CHI614E)摩擦腐蚀试验平台,考察了医用CoCrMo合金在生理盐水润滑条件下的摩擦腐蚀行为,利用扫描电镜观察了CoCrMo合金在摩擦腐蚀之后的形貌特征。结果表明,随着载荷的增大,CoCrMo合金摩擦腐蚀后的腐蚀电位降低,腐蚀电流增大。摩擦腐蚀的摩擦因数均大于纯摩擦因数,且随载荷的增加而减小。摩擦腐蚀的磨损破坏比纯摩擦严重,磨损机理主要表现为犁沟磨损和剪切塑变造成的局部剥落。     

System design of diagnostic subsystem in control networks

The current development of computer control and associated diagnosis has been made possible by the advent of microcomputers and microprocessors. This leads to the introduction of distributed systems based on the division of the whole system into partial, autonomous, interlinked subsystems each with its own control processor. Thus, improved system flexibility and reliability can be attained and a better solution to both control and diagnostics tasks is achieved. Dividing the tasks and bringing them closer to partial technological assemblies increases the rate of data processing; failures of a local processor do not necessitate putting the entire equipment out of operation. Diagnostic tasks are discussed in the present study of the 0th and 1st levels of the hierarchial division of the processor network.     

1450mm可逆式六辊冷轧机的研制与应用

介绍了国产首台1450mm可逆式六辊冷轧机的基本参数、技术特点及装机水平,该机生产0.3~0.5mm×1000~1250mm薄规格带钢的日产量已达600t,厚度偏差≤±0.005mm,板形为10I。     

理想边缘产生方法的研究

详细介绍了产生理想直线边缘的方法.在亚像素提取算法中,通常要考察算法两个方面的内容,一是在没有噪声的情况下算法本身的精度,二是在有噪声的条件下考察算法的抗噪声能力,这两个方面是分开的.本文所介绍的理想边缘就可以用来考察亚像素算法精度的两个方面.本方法以CCD成像原理为基础,根据方形孔径采样定理,给出了边缘点灰度值的计算方法,并以一种情况为例给出了边缘点灰度值的计算公式,利用此公式可直接编程产生理想边缘,产生的边缘可用于亚像素细分算法的评价.