Water pricing in Tunisia: Can an original rate structure achieve multiple objectives?

In the context of anthropic pressures, the Tunisian Water Utility tries to achieve three objectives: financial (achieving full-cost recovery), social (ensuring access for all), and environmental (incentivizing users to save a scarce resource). After a theoretical review of water pricing, the paper presents how successive reforms in Tunisia have gradually set up an original pricing structure that has become the main instrument of the sector's policy. Using different data and methods, we investigate how each of the three objectives is reached through pricing. We conclude that this pricing policy has led to a relatively stable but partial equilibrium.     

Applying DNA analysis method to training data mining for FastADR response model of air‐conditioning power consumption

In the future, smart grid fast automated demand response (FastADR) applications for air‐conditioning facilities may require statistical models to determine changes in power consumption. In this paper, we report an innovative method for extracting step‐like responses in time‐series data obtained during normal operations, that is, without requiring any manipulation of the facilities. The new method was inspired by the DNA analysis computation algorithm called the Breakpoint method. © 2016 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

上海市水资源模糊定价模型

阐述了水资源系统的复杂性和模糊性,分析了与水资源价值评价有关的水量、水质及社会经济要素,探讨了水资源价值模糊综合评价数学模型和水资源价格计算模型,并在此基础上分析确定了上海市水资源价值的价格,使上海市的水资源价格更趋合理。     

浅谈提高工程概算编制的质量

工程造价对于控制工程投资,缩短建设时间,提高投资效益具有重要作用。合理地确定工程造价,从重视概算工作,广泛搜集基础资料,为概算编制作准备,掌握市场价格动态等方面,提出了提高概算编制质量,合理确定工程造价的方法。     

产品质量评比的模糊矩阵法

用模糊矩阵法进行产品质量评比,不仅方法简单,而且评比结果客观可信。本文从这一方法的数学模型入手,介绍重要性系数与评价矩阵的建立方法,并具有实例。为了便于实际应用,文中还介绍了这方法的BASIC程序。     

韩国炼油企业应对市场化对我国的启示

自20世纪90年代起韩国石油产业的进出口、销售和定价机制等领域逐步放开,分步有序地实现了成品油市场化。介绍了韩国成品油市场开放过程中政策环境和市场环境发生的显著变化,以及对炼油公司的影响。提出了韩国炼油企业应对市场化对我国的启示和建议。     

Implicit Bayesian Inference Using Option Prices

Abstract. A Bayesian approach to option pricing is presented in which posterior inference about the underlying returns process is conducted implicitly via observed option prices. A range of models allowing for conditional leptokurtosis, skewness and time‐varying volatility in returns are considered, with posterior parameter distributions and model probabilities backed out from the option prices. Models are ranked according to several criteria, including out‐of‐sample predictive and hedging performance. The methodology accommodates heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation in the option pricing errors, as well as regime shifts across contract groups. The method is applied to intraday option price data on the S&P500 stock index for 1995. While the results provide support for models that accommodate leptokurtosis and skewness, no one model dominates when all criteria are considered.     

兰州市水价改革可行性研究

兰州市目前正处于水价改革初期。现行的水价制度由于存在许多弊溃,不利于水资源的节约,因此水价改革势在必行。然而在实行“阶梯式水价”的改革中,有许多工作需要处理。需完成“一户一表、计量出户”的改造工程;加快供水管网的改造工程;不断改革制水工艺,降低制水成本;进一步做到上缴的水费专款专用。     

复合肥营销原理初探

从产品组合、定价、销售渠道3个方面对如何将市场营销原理应用于复合肥销售中进行了阐述。并指出:基于销售额和利润的最大化、基于市场保护、基于农民的施肥习惯是复合肥营销策略中品种策划工作的基本原则;产品组合要通过应用成本导向定价法和目标定价法对复合肥定价策略进行指导;通过有效的营销渠道建设既能够整合复合肥企业现有资源,又可以实现安全畅通的销售模式,对复合肥企业应对新形势下的市场竞争至关重要。     

会计处理方法对企业所得税的影响

在市场经济条件下,降低成本和深化市场是提高企业竞争力的一个重要手段。企业利用会计准则对固定资产、存货、非货币性资产交换、债务重组等取得方式或计价方法的不同,全面考虑本企业的内部情况、外部环境、投资机会等诸多因素,在税法允许的范围内合理筹划,实现企业利润最大化。本文仅从固定资产、存货两方面探讨会计处理方法对企业所得税的影响。