RE^3＋—NH4^＋—CO3^2—体系的研究

以碳酸氢铵为沉淀剂，制得片状的碳酸镧晶体和由微晶聚集而成的球状碳酸钇晶体，经鉴定它们分别属于正交与三斜晶系。同时制备了复盐ＮＨ４Ｌａ（ＣＯ３）２·１６Ｈ２Ｏ及ＮＨ４Ｙ（ＣＯ３）２·０８Ｈ２Ｏ的晶型沉淀。     

小浪底高土石坝心墙土料应用探讨

小浪底大坝防渗土料填筑规模巨大。工程所用土料有轻粉质壤土、中粉质壤土、重粉质壤土和粉质粘土4类。施工过程中，有关单位曾对土料的应用产生过争议，监理单位结合工程施工的具体情况，遵循当地材料坝应充分利用当地材料，尽量少弃料和因地制宜，困材设计的原则，通过技术分析和采用合理的施工措施，取得了成功，使上坝土料的压实实际干密度平均大于1.7t/m∧3。对于小浪底高土石坝心墙土料的应用进行进一步的分析和探讨之后，就土料的试验、选择应用、压实标准的确定和土料的合理开采等方面提出了几点有益的建议。     

最优化算法与纯元素谱剥离相结合的能量色散X射线荧光谱解谱方法

在进行能量色散X射线荧光光谱(EDXRF)解谱时,如果给定样品的元素构成,采用纯元素谱图剥离的方式会更加合理,但由于每个元素的谱线都不止一条,如果仅仅针对主线对齐做剥离,会导致结果的严重失真,同时剥离次序对解谱结果有较大影响。介绍了一种最优化算法与纯元素谱剥离相结合的EDXRF解谱方法,该方法以多个纯元素谱的强度大小和峰位漂移道数作为变量构建残差方程,并用最优化计算的方法去调整,直至残差达到极小。实验采用强度顺序剥离、能量顺序剥离和最优化算法拟合3种方法分别对谱线重叠较为严重的La-Ce-Pr-Nd混合液样品的L系谱线进行了解析,结果表明最优化计算方法拟合的谱图与原始谱的残差 (1415.0)比另两种方法(166094.0和3192.7)大幅度缩小,拟合谱与原始谱更为吻合,并且方法在实现时对初值不敏感,解谱精度也不依赖于剥离次序。     

Genesis of nanocrystalline Ho2O3 via thermal decomposition of holmium acetate: Structure evolution and electrical conductivity properties

This study focuses on the preparation of nanostructured holmium oxide via the decomposition of holmium acetate precursor utilizing the non-isothermal strategy. Thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) was used to follow up the various thermal events involved in the decomposition process. Dehydration completes approximately at 150℃, which is followed by the decomposition of the anhydrous acetate leading to the formation of holmium oxide. Based on the TGA results the acetate precursor was heated non-isothermally at the temperature range of 150 e700℃. The obtained solids were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction(XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR), field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM). It is found that nanocrystalline Ho_2 O_3 starts to form at 500℃ and presents the only phase detected at the 500 e700℃ range. The electrical conductivity of the solids that form at the temperature range of 300 e700℃ was investigated. The obtained values were correlated with the observed structural modifications accompanying the heat treatment. The electrical conductivity of the Ho_2 O_3 samples prepared at 500, 600 and 700℃ reaches the values of 1.92 × 10~(-7), 1.61 × 10~(-7) and 8.33 × 10~(-8) Ω~(-1)cm~(-1) at a measuring temperature of 500℃, respectively. These values are potentially advantageous for high-resistivity devices.     

Recent progress of energy transfer and luminescence intensity boosting mechanism in Nd~(3+)-sensitized upconversion nanoparticles

Rare earth doped upconversion nanoparticles can be considered as the spice of research in the field of luminescence nanomaterials due to their unique optical properties such as near-infrared excitation.Enormous works have been reported about biomedical applications of 980 nm excited and Yb~(3+)-sensitized upconversion nanoparticles.However,980 nm excitation wavelength overlaps with the absorption band of water molecules in the biological environment,leading to overheating effect that can induce thermal damages of normal cells and tissues.Recently,Nd~(3+)-sensitized upconversion nanoparticles which can be excited with 808 nm has been widely investigated as alternative nanoparticles that can surmount this issue of overheating effect.Even though Nd~(3+)-sensitized upconversion nanoparticles can reduce the overheating effect by 20 fold as compared to Yb~(3+)-sensitized counterpart,there are several factors that reduce the upconversion luminescence intensity.In this review article,photon energy harvesting and transferring mechanisms in Nd~(3+),Yb~(3+)and emitter ions co-doped upconversion nanoparticles under 808 nm excitation are briefly discussed.Factors that affect upconversion luminescence intensity and quantum yield of Nd~(3+)-sensitized upconversion nanoparticles are also addressed.Besides,some of the important strategies that have been recently utilized to boost upconversion luminescence intensity of Nd~(3+)sensitized upco nversion nanoparticles are tho roughly summarized.Lastly,the future challenges in the area and our perspectives are in sight.     

Selective dissolution of rare-earth element carbonates in deep eutectic solvents

Dissolution in choline-chloride based deep eutectic solvents(DES) of rare earth elements(REE) from high-purity single carbonate salts of Y, La, Ce, Nd and Sm and from their multicomponent mixtures and also bastn€asite mineral was assessed with a prospect to gain an understanding on the leaching behavior of bastn€asite ores as REE source from DES suspensions. Urea, malonic acid and citric acid were used in different proportions with choline chloride in order to form deep eutectic solvents with desired viscosity and functionality. The results obtained prove promising for use insolvato-metallurgical processes in terms of selective dissolution of the higher-atomic-number(Z) rare earth elements at the expense of the lower-ZREEs and the gangue-originating metal impurities, thus initiating separation among the different REE members from the early hydrometallurgical steps.     

Multi-component assembly of luminescent rare earth hybrid materials

This review focuses on the recent research progress in the multi-component assembly of luminescent rare earth hybrid materials, which is based on the luminescent rare earth compounds and two or more other building units, including the other photoactive species. It covers the multi-component luminescent rare earth hybrids which was assembled with different (a) organic-inorganic polymeric units, (b) nanoporous units, (c) nanoparticle composites or (d) other developing special units. Finally, future challenges and opportunities in this field are discussed. Herein it mainly focuses on the work of Yan's group in recent years.     

稀土Y对气雾化制备PH13-8Mo钢粉末特性的影响

摘要：研究了不同含量的稀土Y对选区激光熔化技术(SLM)用PH13 8Mo钢粉末特性的影响,并通过Thermo-Calc热力学软件、粉体综合特性测试仪、霍尔流速计、激光粒度分析仪、扫描电镜和电子探针等方法对不同Y含量的PH13-8Mo钢粉末特性的变化规律进行研究。结果表明,随着金属粉末中Y含量的增加,金属粉末的松装密度从3.73提高到3.93g/cm3,50g粉末的自由流动时间从25.44减小到25.11s,粉末的流动性变好。同时,PH13 8Mo钢粉末的平均粒径从37.29减小到30.99μm,粉末的粒度分布区间变窄。研究还发现,不含Y的PH13-8Mo钢粉末的组织由树枝晶和等轴晶组成,而Y质量分数为0.080%的PH13 8Mo钢粉末的组织均由等轴晶组成。综上,在PH13.8Mo钢粉末中加入稀土Y,粉末的特性得到优化。     

稀土对冷轧深冲薄板成形性能的影响

在工业性生产的试验条件下,研究了稀土加入对冷轧深冲钢成形性能的影响,试验结果表明,稀土处理钢的冷轧板卷具有良好的成形性能,其r值比不含稀土的钢明显要高,而n值相当;稀土能明显改善钢在成形过程中的拉胀性能和翻边性能;试验钢的组织为铁索体 游离渗碳体,稀土加入可球化钢中的夹杂物,改善钢的各向异性.     

钢铁及合金中稀土总量快速测定方法研究

本文建立钢铁及其合金中稀土总量快速测定方法。试样用硫酸和硝酸的混合酸溶解,用草酸做掩蔽剂,偶氮氯膦mA与稀土生成蓝色络合物,于分光光度计波长670nm处测量其吸光度。样品的加标回收率为96.0%~101.8%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.0%。方法操作简便、快速、准确。