减少MX10电机壳铸造缺陷的工艺改进

介绍了MX10电机壳铸件形状及质量要求,采用原工艺方案生产的铸件抛丸后发现有较多大气孔缺陷,加工中发现存在砂眼、渣眼和表面气孔缺陷.分析了这些缺陷产生的原因,并采取了相应的措施,使得综合成品率从80％提高到95％以上,加工中发生的料废率从12％降至1％～3.5％,气孔、砂眼、渣眼的废品率占总废品率的比例从67.6％降低到37.8％.     

Evaluation of surfactant-aided degumming of vegetable oils by membrane technology

The first step in the process of vegetable oil refining is degumming, in which phospholipids and mucilaginous gums are removed that otherwise result in a low-grade oil. A membrane process is remarkably simple yet potentially offers many advantages in degumming. Studies were conducted on surfactant-aided membrane degumming with soybean and rapeseed oils in a magnetically stirred flat membrane batch cell with different types of microfiltration membranes. The reduction of phospholipids in soybean oil was in the range of 85.8–92.8% during the membrane process. The phosphorus content of membrane permeates of soybean oil was in the range of 20–58 mg/kg. Crude rapeseed oil contained higher amount of nonhydratable phospholipids and hence resulted in lower reduction in phospholipids, in the range of 66.4–83.2%. Addition of hydratable phospholipids could improve the efficiency of degumming in the membrane process without using any electrolyte, resulting in improvement of quality as well as quantity of the phospholipids.     

带高压一级旁路的1000MW汽轮机不设高排逆止门的布置改进

论述了采用高压缸启动方式的带高压一级旁路的1000MW超超临界汽轮机不设高排逆止门的依据及其防止汽轮机甩负荷超速、高缸超温与进水的方法:一是在高压导汽管上加装通风阀,二是在冷再管上加装通往凝汽器的排汽管,三是在冷再管的低位加装能显示水位、自动报警及自动疏水的疏水罐。这种设计布置是带有高排逆止门原设计的改进。根据改进结果,可以得出具有防止汽机甩负荷超速、防止空转时汽机高压部件过热、防止汽机进水的完善功能,达到系统简单、安全适用、减少投资目的的结论。     

SN388仪器串感应成因及可控性探讨

串感应现象是地震勘探野外采集过程中经常遇到而又很难解决的难题之一。文章主要从串感应的可控性入手,探讨串感应的成因及对策,并就施工现场串感应的排查提出了一些有较强的可操作性方法。     

Feasibility Study of Upgrading Nowruz Heavy Oil in Iran

The overall objective of this work was to study feasibility of upgrading Nowruz heavy oil at a capacity of 50,000 barrels per stream day. With this aim, in the first part, the properties of crude and material balance for heavy oil and upgraded oil base on hydrogen addition and carbon rejection and integration process were simulated by Advanced Refining Applicative Model for Integrated Studies (ARAMIS). In second part, the economic analysis base on netback approach was studied. Throughout the study, it was observed that the ebullated bed and hydrocracker technologies are optimal solutions for upgrading Nowroz heavy oil in Iran.     

Improvement of an existing solar powered absorption cooling system by means of dynamic simulation and experimental diagnosis

This paper focuses on the validation of a dynamic simulation model used to describe the performance of an existing solar cooling installation located in Zaragoza (Spain). The dynamic model has been developed under the simulation environment TRNSYS. The aim of this simulation model is to dispose of a tool in order to use it to evaluate different energy improvement actions in a real solar cooling installation. This solar cooling installation has been monitored and analyzed since 2007. The COP of this experimental solar cooling system presents a great influence from its heat rejection sink, a dry cooling tower. Once the model was validated with the experimental data obtained from the real installation, it was used to predict the chiller performance with a new geothermal sink, which started to operate in 2009. The present work describes the design and validation model process, as well as the comparison between the model results and the monitoring ones with the geothermal heat rejection system.     

Comparative studies on fly ash coated low heat rejection diesel engine on performance and emission characteristics fueled by rice bran and pongamia methyl ester and their blend with diesel

In this study, for the first time, fly ash was used as a thermal barrier coating material in a diesel engine. The study consists of three phases. In first phase, biodiesel was prepared in a laboratory scale setup by single step base catalyzed transesterification method. In the second phase, engine combustion chamber elements such as cylinder head, cylinder liner, valves and piston crown face were coated with fly ash, which is a thermal power plant waste, to a thickness of 200 μm by using plasma spray coating method. In third phase, experiments were carried out on fly ash coated single cylinder diesel engine fueled by methyl ester of rice bran, pongamia oil and its blend (20% by volume) with diesel. The test run was repeated on uncoated engine under the same running conditions and the results were compared. An increase in engine power and decrease in specific fuel consumption, as well as significant improvements in exhaust gas emissions (except NOx) were observed for all test fuels used in the fly ash coated engine compared with that of the uncoated engine.     

自抗扰控制技术在钢坯闪光对焊位置伺服系统的应用

为提高钢坯闪光对焊液压位置伺服系统的品质,采用自抗扰控制技术进行了控制器的设计,并基于物理模型进行仿真验证.针对系统中存在难以准确数学建模的非线性环节、参数时变的特性以及执行机构存在耦合和干涉的特点,利用AMESim平台构建了系统模型.依据系统的主要影响因素以及在响应速度高、抗干扰能力强、稳定性好的特性要求下,设计了3阶非线性自抗扰控制器.AMESim与Matlab联合仿真结果表明,基于自抗扰控制技术的控制策略不仅具有很好的抗扰动能力,而且取得了较好的位置伺服效果.虚拟仿真试验结果表明,在无头轧制闪光对焊位置伺服中引入自抗扰控制技术是可行性的,并具有其优势性.     

基于三相四线制DSTATCOM的新型线性自抗扰控制策略

针对三相四线制配电网静止同步补偿器（distributation static synchronous compensator,DSTATCOM）对不平衡负载的无功电流以及不平衡电流补偿速度与补偿精度不足的现象。首先建立四线制DSTATCOM数学模型,然后完成新型线性自抗扰控制（linear active disturbance rejection controller,LADRC）的设计,并将新型控制器应用于电流内环以快速跟踪指令电流信号,通过经典控制理论以及数学理论分析其抗扰性、跟踪性、稳定性,最后通过Matlab/Simulink仿真平台搭建传统LADRC与新型LADRC下三相四线制DSTSTACOM系统模型进行仿真实验,结果显示新型控制器作用下系统功率因数更接近1、中线电流更接近0且响应曲线更快,表明新型LADRC下的四线制DSTATCOM具有更加良好的补偿速度及精度。     

特大容量发电机断路器隔离开关拒动分析及其对策

向家坝水电站发电机与主变之间安装有国产特大容量断路器,在发电机运行过程中,某台发电机断路器隔离开关出现了拒动故障,通过分析断路器隔离开关控制回路及操动机构原理,查找故障原因,最终提出了合理的解决对策。