Research and Application of Dynamic Equation for Full Frontal Impact

Full frontal impact theory needs researching and exploring to satisfy the primary safety design of occupant restraint system,avoiding the increasingly "engineering"trend in order to develop and design safety vehicle. After occupant restraint system is simulated by using linear elastic stiffness k,the occupant-vehicle frontal rigid barrier impact model is established. Dynamic equation of dummy chest coupling vehicle is built for full frontal impact based on ordinary vehicle deceleration by Hooke law,and the equation is solved by comparing coefficient and satisfying boundary qualifications. While relative vehicle characteristic parameters are kept unchanging,the actual vehicle deceleration is fitted to the simplified equivalent square wave( ESW),tipped equivalent square wave( TESW) and equivalent dual trapezoids wave( EDTW). Phase angle  and amplitude A of dynamic equations based on ESW,TESW and EDTW are calculated and deduced. The results show that: the dynamic equation of dummy chest coupling vehicle can be well utilized to instruct the primary safety design of full frontal impact for objective vehicle to satisfy chest deceleration demands and the equation based on TESW is best for this design.     

波纹腹板H型钢梁受压翼缘局部稳定理论研究

提出梯形波纹腹板H型钢梁翼缘局部失稳的理论计算模型,指出波纹腹板对翼缘失稳相当于提供绕腹板轴心线的弹性转动约束作用.根据边界条件假设,采用理论推导得到了翼缘局部弹性屈曲应力的三角级数解,利用有限元分析验证了边界条件假设及理论模型的有效性.指出相比于平腹板,波纹腹板对翼缘具有更强的约束作用.     

考虑爆裂影响的轴向约束高强混凝土柱耐火性能研究

应用有限元软件ABAQUS,基于一次爆裂模式,建立了轴向约束高强混凝土（HSC）柱的抗火分析模型.采用试验数据验证了模型的合理性.采用验证后的模型,分析了不同轴向约束刚度比下高强混凝土柱轴力及位移变化的规律,重点考虑了爆裂深度、爆裂长度、爆裂开始时间等爆裂参数对高强混凝土柱轴向位移、截面温度场和耐火极限的影响规律.研究表明：相同爆裂时间前提下,HSC柱轴向位移随爆裂深度、爆裂长度的增大而增大,耐火极限随之减小.爆裂深度、爆裂长度相同前提下,爆裂开始时间对HSC柱的耐火性能影响很小.当荷载比不变时,轴向约束刚度比对HSC柱膨胀阶段的最大轴向位移影响甚小,但是在越过初始平衡位置的收缩阶段对轴向位移影响很大.轴向约束刚度比对轴向约束HSC柱的耐火极限影响不大.     

连铸坯圆盘式去毛刺机活塞杆导向结构分析

针对圆盘式去毛刺机在安装调试中出现的问题,分析了其活塞杆导向结构,提出了解决方案,最终得到满意的结果.     

高强钢焊接区“三点弯曲”试验拘束应力的测定

采用“三点弯曲”试验对HQ130高强钢焊接熔合区附近的应力状态进行了试验测定。试验结果表明，外加载荷增大，焊接试样的应力应变值逐渐增大，经过近似直线的弹性范围后，达到塑变区后应变发生突变。外加载荷增加使产生裂纹的可能性增大。尽管应变的公式计算值和实测值之间存在着一定的偏差，但二者的总体趋势是一致的，在要求不太严格或只要求获得应力变化规律的情况下，仍可用公式法估算。     

基于蜂群遗传算法的0-1背包问题

针对0-1背包问题,本文提出了基于蜂群遗传算法的优化求解方案。该算法包括两个种群,一个主要用于全局搜索,另一个主要用于局部搜索;每个个体采用二进制编码;采用最优个体交叉策略;对当前解的处理措施是将还未装入背包且性价比最好的物品装进背包,直至不能装为止;不符合约束条件的解采用诱变因子指导变异处理;遗传算子包括单点交叉算子、简单变异算子、主动进化算子和抑制算子。本算法充分发挥了遗传算法的群体搜索和全局收敛的特性,快速地并行搜索,有效地克服了经典遗传算法容易陷入局部最优问题。数值实验表明,该算法在求解0-1背包问题中取得了较好的效果,同样可以应用于其它的组合优化问题。     

抑制Kalman滤波发散性的研究

介绍了Kalman滤波的基本方程及其产生发散的原因,研究了一种抑制Kalman滤波发散的方法,此方法通过减小老数据的影响,不断更新＂新息＂,达到对状态估计值的修正,并缩小真实值和状态估计值之间的差距,从而抑制Kalman滤波发散并将其应用到雷达跟踪问题上,通过Matlab仿真,说明了此方法有着现实的重要意义。     

局部PCA参数约束的Hough多椭圆分层检测算法

针对随机Hough变换(RHT)在复杂图像中检测圆及椭圆时随机采样所造成的大量无效采样、无效累积以及运算时间长等问题,提出基于局部PCA感兴趣参数约束Hough多椭圆分层检测思路。首先利用边缘检测算子获得边缘信息并去除边缘交叉点,在边缘图像中标记并提取出满足一定长度的连续曲线段;其次利用线段PCA方向分析确定是否属于有效曲线段;然后,对所有感兴趣曲线段按照标记顺序依次利用椭圆拟合办法初步得到感兴趣椭圆粗略参数,根据拟合结果进而模糊约束Hough变换参数搜索范围,得到精确椭圆参数;最后利用检测结果更新图像空间,删除已经检测到的椭圆,依次进行,直到所有椭圆检测完毕。实验结果表明,该算法在计算、存储消耗上均大大减少。     

Influences of reinforcement on differential drying shrinkage of concrete

Shrinkage strain of concrete specimen with different reinforcement configuration was measured at various depths from the exposed surface by using several pairs of displacement sensors. Only one surface of the concrete specimen was exposed to dry condition during the experiment. The results show that differential shrinkage strain occurs in both plain and steel reinforced concrete specimens according to depths from the exposed surface. A higher reinforcement ratio results in a greater restraint against shrinkage of concrete nearby reinforcement rebar and a worse differential shrinkage strain distribution in the concrete specimen. The restraint against shrinkage of concrete becomes lower with the increasing distance from reinforcement rebar. Under the same reinforcement arrangement, a higher free shrinkage of concrete leads to a stronger restraint against shrinkage and a higher shrinkage stress formation in local concrete. The relationship between shrinkage strain and reduction of relative humidity in reinforced concrete structure is far different from that in plain concrete.     

三相四线制系统谐波检测p-q-0法的研究

以瞬时无功功率理论为基础,介绍了针对三线四线制系统谐波电流检测和无功补偿所提出的p-q-0法,分析了瞬时无功功率理论在三线四线制电力系统下的物理意义,并给出了该系统下谐波和无功电流的检测控制算法原理图,详细讨论了三相负载不平衡时的补偿效果。通过理论分析,在M atlab环境下对三相不平衡负载电路仿真证明,当电网电流发生严重畸变时,p-q-0法不仅能准确、实时地消除三相四线制系统中的谐波电流,对中线电流抑制及无功功率补偿也有较好的效果,并且补偿后的电源瞬时三相功率为定值。