Confining a binary mixture, one can profoundly alter its miscibility behavior. The qualitative features of miscibility in confined geometry are ratheruniversal and shared by polymer mixtures as well as small molecules, but the unmixing transition in the bulk and the wetting transition are typically well separated in polymer blends. The interplay between wetting and miscibility of a symmetric polymer mixture via large-scale Monte Carlo simulations in the framework of the bond fluctuation model and via numerical self–consistent field calculations is studied. The film surfaces interact with the monomers via short ranged potentials, and the wetting transition of the semi–infinite system is of first order. It can be accurately located in the simulations by measuring the surface and interface tensions and using Young’s equation. If both surfaces in a film attract the same component, capillary condensation occurs and the critical point is close to the critical point of the bulk. If surfaces attract different components, an interface localization/delocalization occurs which gives rise to phase diagrams with two critical points in the vicinity of the pre-wetting critical point of the semi–infinite system. The crossover between these two types of phase diagrams as a function of the surface field asymmetry is studied. The dependence of the phase diagram on the film thickness Δ for antisymmetric surface fields is investigated. Upon decreasing the film thickness, the two critical points approach the symmetry axis of the phase diagram, and below a certain thickness Δtri, there remains only a single critical point at the symmetric composition. This corresponds to a second-order interface localization/delocalization transition even though the wetting transition is of first order. At a specific film thickness, Δtri, tricritical behavior is found. The behavior of antisymmetric films is compared with the phase behavior in an antisymmetric double wedge. While the former is the analog of the wetting transition of a planar surface, the latter is related to the filling behavior of a single wedge. Evidence for a second-order interface localization/delocalization transition in an antisymmetric double wedge is presented, and its unconventional critical behavior is related to the predictions of Parry et al. (Phys. Rev. Lett. 83:5535 (1999)) for wedge filling. The critical behavior differs from the Ising universality class and is characterized by strong anisotropic fluctuations.Invited paper presented at the Fifteenth Symposium on Thermophysical Properties, June 022–27, 2003, Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A. 相似文献
Based on the comparative review of several approaches to legacy system conversion and revitalization, the Lyee methodology application for the issue is presented to clarify its idea, the associated procedure, and the implemented tools. It could be said that with the tools and manual developed by ICBSM&T, the mechanical transformation of the conventional program to a Lyee-structured one becomes possible as long as the programs are made in a procedure-oriented language. In addition to the program structure conversion, the Lyee methodology permits people to choose any application language in the transformed program. At the same time, quite a new approach related to the system conversion is introduced, in which the chunk of data extracted from an old program is edited to make a new conventional structure program that has a logical sequence instead of a Lyee type of declarative program. These features can be realized through the concept of LyeeBELT, which is a set of word-information about the attributes, formulae, and conditions for an independent data item.
The overall workflow of the legacy program transformation is shown in the following.
A critical part in its implementation is the feasibility study (pre-analysis) stage where necessary information is supposed to be secured, and an appropriate plan and policy about the system to be revitalized in the new system environment should be clarified so as to customize the tools accordingly. If the initial process is completed, the mechanical legacy system conversion will be realized by registering the parameters in the tool, and the reestablishment of business knowledge in the LyeeBELT will be enabled. With the regulated business logic on the LyeeBELT, the program maintenance afterwards becomes drastically simplified and stable without the ‘spaghetti’ problem, so that software evolution can be possible. 相似文献
A three-step XML Schema modeling method is presented, namely first establishing a diagram of conceptual modeling, then transforming it to UML class diagram and finally mapping it to XML Schema. A case study of handling furniture design data is given to illustrate the detail of conversion process. 相似文献
The 1000℃ isothermal section of the Fe-rich portion of R-Fe-Al(R=Dy0.65Tb0.25Pr0.1) pseudoternary system has been investigated using optical microscopy,X-ray diffraction,EPMA and DTA techniques.The 1000℃ isothermal section consists of 9 single-phase regions,14 two-phase regions and 6 three-phase regions.In the R-Fe pseudobinary system,except the R2Fe17 compound,the homogeneity regions of other compounds are shifted towards the stoichiometric rare earth-rich side.With Fe partially substituted by Al,the homogeneity region of R(Fe1-xAlx)2 is shifted back to the stoichiometric composition when x=0.15 and remains little changed with 0.15≤x≤0.30.The homogeneity regions of R(Fe1-xAlx)3 and R6(Fe1-xAlx)23 are slightly shifted to the stoichiometric rare earth-rich side with increasing Al content.A vertical section along R=33.33 atomic percentage is also investigated.It consists of 2 single-phase regions,4 two-phase regions and 2 three-phase regions. 相似文献