回火处理温度对40Cr钢疲劳损伤过程的影响

用系统分析方法定义了疲劳损伤变量，结合对试样疲劳损伤过程的扫描电镜观察，在线跟踪了40Cr钢试样及其在不同回火温度下疲劳裂纹萌生期问的疲劳损伤过程。实验结果表明：随着回火温度的上升，40Cr钢的疲劳过程有所不同，使裂纹萌生寿命不断提高，但回火温度与裂纹萌生寿命之问不是简单的线性关系；在450℃以下，随回火温度提高，裂纹萌生寿命明显提高；在450℃至580℃之间，随回火温度的提高，裂纹萌生寿命增加不明显。     

GH4169缺口件多轴加载下应力应变场的有限元分析

采用GH4169缺口试件在650 ℃下进行了高温拉扭疲劳断裂试验,利用ANSYS 6 1 有限元分析软件计算试件缺口周围的应力应变场,确定出试件在各种载荷状况下的应力集中系数。计算结果表明,该有限元建模方式是合理的,为以后缺口件的寿命预测过程奠定了基础。     

Effects of electroplated zinc-nickel alloy coatings on the fatigue strength of AISI 4340 high-strength steel

Recovered substrates have been extensively used in the aerospace field. Cadmium electroplating has been widely applied to promote protective coatings in aeronautical components, resulting in excellent corrosion protection combined with a good performance in cyclic loading. Ecological considerations allied to the increasing demands for corrosion resistance have resulted in the search for possible alternatives. Zinc-nickel (Zn-Ni) alloys have received considerable interest recently, because these coatings show advantages such as a good resistance to white and red rust, high plating rates, and acceptance in the market. In this study, the effect of electroplated Zn-Ni coatings on AISI 4340 high-strength steel was analyzed for rotating bending fatigue strength, corrosion, and adhesion resistance. The compressive residual stress field was measured by x-ray diffraction prior to fatigue tests. Optical microscopy documented coating thickness, adhesion characteristics, and coverage extent for nearly all substrates. Fractured fatigue specimens were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Three different Zn-Ni coating thicknesses were tested, and comparisons with the rotating bending fatigue data from electroplated Cd specimens were performed. Experimental results differentiated the effects of the various coatings on the AISI 4340 steel behavior when submitted to fatigue testing and the influence of coating thickness on the fatigue strength.     

玛咖片缓解体力疲劳作用的研究

目的研究以玛咖、管花肉苁蓉为主要原料的保健食品对缓解体力疲劳的作用。方法将SPF级ICR雄性小鼠按体重随机分组,每天摄入成品推荐摄入量的5、10、30倍作为低、中、高剂量,即0.25、0.50、1.50 g/(kg·bw),设蒸馏水为阴性对照组,灌胃给予受试物连续30d后,测定小鼠尾根部负重的游泳时间,于不同实验组分别检测小鼠运动后血清尿素含量、肝糖原、运动前后的血乳酸含量。结果连续灌胃玛咖片30d后,高剂量组1.50g/(kg·bw)能明显延长小鼠尾部负重游泳时间,显著降低小鼠游泳后血清尿素含量,以及小鼠游泳后血乳酸含量,并且与阴性对照组相比具有显著性差异(P0.05)。结论玛咖片作为保健食品具有缓解体力疲劳功能。     

Caffeine (1, 3, 7-trimethylxanthine) in Foods: A Comprehensive Review on Consumption,Functionality, Safety,and Regulatory Matters

ABSTRACT: Caffeine ranks as one of the top most commonly consumed dietary ingredients throughout the world. It is naturally found in coffee beans, cacao beans, kola nuts, guarana berries, and tea leaves including yerba mate. The total daily intake, as well as the major source of caffeine varies globally; however, coffee and tea are the 2 most prominent sources. Soft drinks are also a common source of caffeine as well as energy drinks, a category of functional beverages. Moderate caffeine consumption is considered safe and its use as a food ingredient has been approved, within certain limits, by numerous regulatory agencies around the world. Performance benefits attributed to caffeine include physical endurance, reduction of fatigue, and enhancing mental alertness and concentration. Caffeine has also been recently linked to weight loss and consequent reduction of the overall risks for developing the metabolic syndrome. However, the caloric contribution of caffeine-sweetened beverages needs to be considered in the overall energy balance. Despite all these benefits the potential negative effects of excessive caffeine intake should also be considered, particularly in children and pregnant women.     

液压式矿用钢丝绳弯曲疲劳试验机的研究

根据GB/T 12347—2008和GB/T 12347—1996规定,矿用钢丝绳进行弯曲疲劳试验需配置多台试验机或多个试验轮,硬件装备及实验室建筑占地多、费用高,试验过程钢丝绳受到的冲击力较大,试验结果难以同矿用钢丝绳在较平稳运动状态下运行的实际情况相吻合。按照GB/T 12347—1996的试验原理新研制的矿用钢丝绳弯曲疲劳试验机采用液压马达驱动,直接实现180°平面反复弯曲运转,具有通用性较强、频率范围宽、结构简单、自动化程度较高等特点。钢丝绳的连接采用去绳芯加钢棒焊接对接。     

制绳钢丝力学性能与钢丝绳疲劳寿命的关系

在实验的基础上,分析制绳钢丝力学性能与钢丝绳疲劳寿命之间的关系,指出在炉温920℃,铅温540℃的热处理工艺条件下,通过总压缩率为96/%的拉拔工艺,可使制绳钢丝获得良好的力学性能,从而使钢丝绳疲劳寿命进一步提高。     

CH4/CO2 reforming over La2NiO4 and 10%NiO/CeO2–La2O3 catalysts under the condition of supersonic jet expansion via cavity ring-down spectroscopic analysis

CH₄/CO₂ reforming over La₂NiO₄ and 10%NiO/CeO₂–La₂O₃ catalysts under the condition of supersonic jet expansion was studied via direct monitoring of the reactants and products using the sensitive technique of cavity ring-down spectroscopy. Vibration–rotational absorption lines of CH₄, H₂O, CO₂ and CO molecules were recorded in the near infrared spectral region. Our results indicated that La₂NiO₄ is superior to 10%NiO/CeO₂–La₂O₃ in performance. In addition, we observed enhanced reverse-water-gas-shift reaction at augmented reaction temperature. The formation of reaction intermediates was also investigated by means of time-of-flight mass spectrometry and there was the detection of CH_x⁺, OH⁺ and H⁺ species.     

焦炭颗粒增强铜-石墨复合材料的制备与性能研究

以改性酚醛树脂为粘结剂,以焦炭粉为颗粒增强相,采用传统模压成型工艺制备了一系列铜-石墨复合材料,并研究了焦炭粉的添加对复合材料的力学性能、导电性能及磨损性能的影响.结果表明:当焦炭粉质量分数为35%时,复合材料具有较好的综合性能.随着焦炭粉的加入,复合材料的弯曲强度有了显著提高,在焦炭粉质量分数为35%时弯曲强度达到最大值68.8MPa,比未添加焦炭粉时提高了近36%;同时,当焦炭粉质量分数为35%时,复合材料的电阻率已经达到了现用浸金属滑板的导电水平;焦炭粉质量分数35%的复合材料具有最低的磨损率,且在磨损过程中能在磨损表面形成较为完整的自润滑膜.     

Creep behaviour of porous SOFC electrodes: Measurement and application to Ni-8YSZ cermets

A methodology is proposed in this study to investigate the creep properties of porous Ni-8YSZ cermet. Creep experiments have been conducted under reducing atmosphere at the typical SOFC operating temperatures. Specimens have been loaded in a four-point bending test bench. A special attention has been paid in this work to the analytical and numerical modelling of the mechanical test. It has been highlighted that Ni-8YSZ exhibits substantial creep strain rates even at relative low temperatures (700 °C < T < 850 °C). The creep exponent has been found to be just slightly higher than unity (1 < n < 2) while the activation energy has been determined equal to Q = 115 kJ mol⁻¹.High-temperature plastic strains of both Ni and 8YSZ phases have been estimated through the local stress acting on the cermet particles. This analysis indicates that creep behaviour of the Ni-8YSZ composite is not influenced by the metallic phase, but is controlled by the deformation of the 8YSZ matrix. It is also proposed that cermet creep mechanism involves Zr⁴⁺cations diffusion at the surface rather than in the bulk of the 8YSZ material.Impact of the Ni-8YSZ cermet creep on the internal stresses distribution in SOFC is discussed considering the anode supported cell (ASC) design. It is shown that cermet creep strain can induce a substantial stress decrease in the thin electrolyte.