NaCl除冰盐作用下混凝土的抗冻能力分析

通过存质量浓度为3.5%的NaCl溶液中的冻融循环试验,测试了普通混凝土、引气混凝土、粉煤灰混凝土和硅灰混凝土的相对动弹性模量和质量损失率,分析了不同混凝土的抗盐冻的能力.结果表明:适当的引气能够明显改善混凝土的抗盐冻性能,掺加20%粉煤灰时,混凝土仍具有较高的抗盐冻能力,掺量达到40%时混凝土的抗盐冻性能明显下降,掺加10%硅灰明显提高混凝土的抗盐冻能力.     

金银火法冶炼中炉衬废砖选矿回收金银

金银火法冶炼中炉衬废砖的金银含量高，回收价值大。研究确定了浮－重联合选矿、产品酸浸除镁的炉衬废砖处理工艺。采用组合浮选药剂，可强化浮选效果，浮选尾矿经摇床重选确保了粗粒金银的回收；精矿酸浸除镁可满足冶炼要求；尾矿脱镁后可返回铅粗炼系统综合回收金、银、铜、铋等有价金属，有效地利用了资源。工艺流程简单、合理，易于实施，应用于生产取得了良好的经济效益     

正辛胺模板法制备SiO_2空心微球及其结构表征

以正辛胺为模板、正硅酸乙酯为硅源,在盐酸的催化作用下通过溶胶-凝胶法制备出圆形度高、分散性好、结构完整的SiO2空心微球;采用SEM、XRD、FTIR、BET、TG等对不同反应时间、反应温度、搅拌速度、盐酸含量等条件下SiO2空心微球的形貌、粒径、壳层厚度和结构进行分析与表征。结果表明,SiO2空心微球的平均粒径随反应温度和反应时间的增加而缓慢增大。SiO2空心微球的平均粒径为15~28μm,壳层厚度为3.1~4.0μm;壳层表面具有孔结构,比表面积为970~1244 m2/g,可几孔径为1.5~2.4 nm。     

PAM/SiO2磺甲基化改性及吸附重金属离子研究

以正硅酸乙酯为前驱体,采用原位溶胶-凝胶方法,合成聚丙烯酰胺/二氧化硅(PAM/SiO2)复合树脂;以甲醛和亚硫酸氢钠为磺甲基化试剂对PAM/SiO2进行磺甲基化改性,制得改性PAM/SiO2复合吸附树脂(SPAM)。考察正硅酸乙酯用量、离子浓度、树脂用量、吸附时间等因素对SPAM吸附重金属性能的影响,通过红外光谱(IR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征SPAM的结构。结果表明,SPAM对铅离子的吸附容量为2.5mmol/g,吸附率为96.3%,对铜离子的吸附容量1.5mmol/g,吸附率为68.3%。     

Effect of inductively coupled plasma surface treatment on silica gel and mesoporous MCM-41 particles

Silica gel and MCM-41 synthesized mesoporous materials were treated with either oxygen (O2),hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) and organic vapors like ethanol (EtOH),and acrylonitrile (AN) inductive plasma.The radiofrequency power for the modification was fixed to 120 W and 30 min,assuring a high degree of organic ionization energy in the plasma.The surface properties were studied by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),scanning electron microscopy,x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering technique was used for characterizing size distributions.When the silica and MCM-41 particles were modified by AN and HMDSO plasma gases,the surface morphology of the particles was changed,presenting another color,size or shape.In contrast,the treatments of oxygen and EtOH did not affect the surface morphology of both particles,but increased the oxygen content at the surface bigger than the AN and HMDSO plasma treatments.In this study,we investigated the influence of different plasma treatments on changes in morphology and the chemical composition of the modified particles which render them a possible new adsorbent for utilization in sorptive extraction techniques for polar compounds.     

介孔氧化硅/氧化铈核壳双相复合颗粒的制备及其光催化降解活性

将CeO2纳米粒子负载在介孔氧化硅(W-mSiO2)支撑体上,制备了核壳结构的W-mSiO2/CeO2双相光催化复合颗粒.用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜、氮气吸脱附、STEM-EDX mapping、Raman光谱、荧光光谱、紫外-可见漫反射光谱等手段分析样品的结构和性质,考察了复合光催化材料对亚甲基蓝(MB)的光催...     

泄洪洞混凝土衬砌温控方案研究

为寻求衬砌混凝土的有效温控防裂措施,结合某泄洪洞混凝土衬砌实际情况,在考虑了混凝土热力学参数随龄期变化、混凝土实际浇筑过程对温度应力影响的基础上,设计不同的温控方案,利用大型有限元软件对泄洪洞衬砌混凝土温度场、温度应力场进行了三维仿真计算.结果表明:衬砌混凝土浇筑完后第2天达到最高温度,第3天表面出现较大的拉应力,混凝...     

粉煤灰抑制集料碱硅酸反应的有效性评估

可靠地评价粉煤灰抑制ASR的有效性是工程中使用粉煤灰预防ABR的关键所在。可从粉煤灰抑制ASR的能力、抑制ASR膨胀的程度以及抑制ASR膨胀的工程安全性等3个方面对掺粉煤灰抑制ASR的有效性进行评估。评估结果表明，掺20％的粉煤灰可以有效抑制活性集料ASR的膨胀。     

利用化学气相沉积法在SiO2小球基底上制备纳米碳管的研究

利用匀胶机将经过超声混合的二氧化硅小球的酒精溶液旋涂在洗净的硅片上,获得了具有曲面的纳米碳管生长基底.利用以二茂铁和二甲苯作为反应前驱体的化学气相沉积法在该基底上实现了碳管在二氧化硅与硅之间的选择性生长,并在不同的沉积温度条件下,可以分别获得球状和束状碳管产物.通过扫描电镜观察分析经过退火处理的原始基底的表面形貌,讨论了碳管产物与反应温度之间的关系.     

Thermally Stable and Reusable Ceramic Encapsulated and Cross-Linked CalB Enzyme Particles for Rapid Hydrolysis and Esterification

Candida antarctica lipase B (CalB) enzyme was encapsulated and cross-linked by silica matrix to enhance its thermal stability and reusability, and demonstrated an enzymatic ability for rapid hydrolysis and esterification. Silica encapsulated CalB particles (Si-E-CPs) and silica cross-linked CalB particles (Si-CL-CPs) were prepared as a function of TEOS concentration. The particle size analysis, thermal stability, catalytic activity in different pHs, and reusability of Si-E-CPs and Si-CL-CPs were demonstrated. Furthermore, the determination of the CalB enzyme in Si-E-CPs and Si-CL-CPs was achieved by Bradford assay and TGA analysis. Enzymatic hydrolysis was performed against the p-nitrophenyl butyrate and the catalytic parameters (K_m, V_max, and K_cat) were calculated by the Michaelis–Menten equation and a Lineweaver–Burk plot. Moreover, enzymatic synthesis for benzyl benzoate was demonstrated by esterification with an acyl donor of benzoic acid and two acyl donors of benzoic anhydride. Although the conversion efficiency of Si-CL-CPs was not much higher than that of native CalB, it has an efficiency of 91% compared to native CalB and is expected to be very useful because it has high thermal and pH stability and excellent reusability.