高炉炉缸凝铁层的组成分析与导热系数测定

摘要：高炉炉缸内衬表面形成稳定的凝铁层将保护高炉炭砖并延长高炉寿命。利用光学数码显微镜观察统计分析高炉凝铁层生产样品,探究不同焦炭体积占比对凝铁层导热系数的影响。利用元素分析（XRF）、X射线衍射分析（XRD）、扫描电镜(SEM-EDS)等手段分析凝铁层的组成,并观察其微观形貌。利用瞬态平面热源法（TPS）测定凝铁层的导热系数,进一步分析其组成与导热系数之间的关系。结果表明,凝铁层由铁、充满铁水的焦炭、石墨碳、少量渣相组成,凝铁层内部没有气隙。凝铁层生产样品的导热系数测定范围为27.21～97.38W/(m·K),导热系数（λ）与其组成的焦炭面积比（Sc=22%～48%）之间的线性关系为：λ=-257.47Sc +157.65。模拟实验凝铁层的导热系数范围为30.54～53.95W/(m·K),该值远大于目前数学模型中采用的凝铁层导热系数（2～4W/m·K）,随着焦炭粒度的增加,凝铁层的导热系数先增加后减小。凝铁层中导热系数（λ）与焦炭体积分数Vc（Vc=39%～50%）的线性关系为：λ=-80.50Vc +78.56。研究结果进一步明确了凝铁层的物相组成及其导热系数,为高炉长寿的研究指明了方向。     

Brain tumor segmentation and classification via adaptive CLFAHE with hybrid classification

This article exploits a new brain tumor classification model that includes five steps like (a) denoising, (b) skull stripping, (c) segmentation, (d) feature extraction and (e) classification. Initially, the image is subjected under the denoising process, where the noise removal procedure is carried out by employing the entropy-based trilateral filter. Then, the denoised image is applied to the skull stripping process via Otsu thresholding and morphology segmentation. Subsequently, the next step is the segmentation, where the image is segmented by deploying the adaptive CLFAHE (contrast limited fuzzy adaptive histogram equalization) technique. Once the segmentation is completed, gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) based features are extracted. Finally, the extracted features are processed under hybrid classification model to attain enhanced classification rate. Here, hybrid classification hybrids two classifiers namely deep belief network (DBN) and Bayesian regularization classifier. The vital contribution of this research work exists in the optimal selection of hidden neurons in the DBN. Along with this, the membership function (bounding limits) of fuzzy logic is optimally selected. For this, a new lion exploration based whale optimization (LE-WO) algorithm is proposed in this article that hybrids the concept of (lion algorithm) LA and (whale optimization algorithm) WOA. Finally, the performance of proposed LE-WO is compared over the other methods in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, negative predictive value (NPV), F1 _ score and Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC), False positive rate (FPR), False negative rate (FNR) and false discovery rate (FDR) and proves the betterments of proposed work. From the outcomes, the accuracy measure of proposed model at 60th population size is 1.98%, 1.81%, 1.32%, 3.46% and 0.75% better than PSO, FF, GWO, WOA and LA, respectively. Similarly, in 80th population size, the performance of the implemented model is 4.47%, 5.04%, 3.96%, 6.29% and 1.37% superior to PSO, FF, GWO, WOA and LA, respectively. Thus, the betterment of the adopted scheme is validated in an effective manner.     

冶炼钒钛磁铁矿高炉的铜冷却壁挂渣分析

建立高炉铜冷却壁三维传热模型,利用有限元软件ANSYS进行稳态传热分析,研究了钒钛磁铁矿冶炼时挂渣特点。分析结果表明,由于含钒钛高炉渣铁珠含量高,使渣皮显著增厚导致渣皮稳定性下降。将铜冷却壁热电偶测量点温度控制在60～80℃,可以提高渣皮稳定性,保证铜冷却壁安全工作。在现有工艺条件下,把水速从2.3 m/s降低到1.5 m/s对挂渣影响很小。     

Predicting muscle activation patterns from motion and anatomy: modelling the skull of Sphenodon (Diapsida: Rhynchocephalia)

The relationship between skull shape and the forces generated during feeding is currently under widespread scrutiny and increasingly involves the use of computer simulations such as finite element analysis. The computer models used to represent skulls are often based on computed tomography data and thus are structurally accurate; however, correctly representing muscular loading during food reduction remains a major problem. Here, we present a novel approach for predicting the forces and activation patterns of muscles and muscle groups based on their known anatomical orientation (line of action). The work was carried out for the lizard-like reptile Sphenodon (Rhynchocephalia) using a sophisticated computer-based model and multi-body dynamics analysis. The model suggests that specific muscle groups control specific motions, and that during certain times in the bite cycle some muscles are highly active whereas others are inactive. The predictions of muscle activity closely correspond to data previously recorded from live Sphenodon using electromyography. Apparent exceptions can be explained by variations in food resistance, food size, food position and lower jaw motions. This approach shows considerable promise in advancing detailed functional models of food acquisition and reduction, and for use in other musculoskeletal systems where no experimental determination of muscle activity is possible, such as in rare, endangered or extinct species.     

针对颅面点云数据的Deluney三角网构建方法

针对颅骨和面皮点云数据,提出一种新的Deluney-三角网构建算法。该算法将点云数据分为两层,将上下两层轮廓线点列合理连接以生成三角面片集合,给出了面片个数及跨距应满足的合理条件;在三角网格构建时,考虑到颅面点云数据对应的不同曲率及孔洞等情形,分为四类（通常情况、孔洞、椎体链接、缝合）,分别进行处理,利用最小对角线方法进行三角化,实验表明该算法保持了比较精确的轮廓。     

冷凝炉衬传热机理和计算模型

简要阐述了冷凝炉衬的概念及传热机理,利用一维传热模型,对已有数据进行分析,对比冷凝炉衬和传统保温炉衬对电炉能耗的影响,认为冷凝炉衬是一个整体系统;同时介绍了渣壳厚度检测方法及简单的渣壳厚度计算模型,对保护炉壳及指导日常生产有一定的意义。     

一种交通监控场景下的多车道检测方法

为自动有效地获取交通监控场景中的多车道信息,提出一种利用骨架化边缘的多车道检测算法,以克服视频处理对固定场景和明确的先验车道位置信息的依赖。算法主要针对静态的交通背景图处理,采用背景提取、滤波和数字形态学预处理等,由Hough变换确定车道位置的骨架线;由行车方向约束车道线角度,利用车道线几何成像特性检测出准车道线,获取车道线和车道区域。实验表明,对不同的交通场景和不同光照条件,该方法能有效检测多车道,鲁棒性强,具有较高的工程应用价值。     

Skull formation and change during ISM process of Ti-15-3 alloy

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钛及钛合金熔模的感应凝壳铸造法

本文回顾了钛及钛合金熔模铸造的历史,通过对传统的真空电弧凝壳铸造法与新型的感应凝壳铸造法的比较,指出了该方法无需制作电极即可得到成分均匀的高质量铸件,并且消除了坩埚材料对炉料的污染,有助于产品获得理想的成分均匀性和准确性.     

中国鹅头部骨骼的解剖研究

中国鹅头部骨骼分颅骨和面骨两部分,两者以大而深的眶窝为界,颅骨由不成对的枕骨、蝶骨和成对的顶骨、额骨和颞骨组成.面骨由筛骨、颌前骨、上颌骨、鼻骨、泪骨、犁骨、聘骨、翼骨、颧骨、方骨、下颌骨、舌骨、鼻甲骨组成.除筛骨、犁骨外,均是对骨,本文较详尽地描述各骨块的形态结构特征.