Designing for Long Campaign Life Blast Furnace (2)--The Simulation of Temperature Field of Lining and Cooling Apparatus

Through the numerical modeling of temperature field for Blast Furnace (BF) lining and stave coolers, it can tell designers how to design a cooler which the hot surface temperature is less than its critical temperature under very high heat flux. Applying low heat re- sistance lining and staves cooler to BF is good for a layer of slag skull frozen on the hot surface of cooling stave. As long as the slag skull can stand, the furnace wall is stable and the heat loss of furnace does not increase. This is the basic principle for designing long campa- ignship BF.     

Control of Al content during ISM process of Nb3Al

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磷酸钙骨水泥修复兔颅骨缺损新骨生长计算机图像分析

利用计算机图像处理技术对磷酸钙水泥修复兔颅骨缺损组织切片标本的光镜图像进行采集,对采集到的原始图像进行滤波、分割和数学开矿学等图像处理,计算不同视野新生骨生长的面积百分比,并对不同视野的结果进行生物统计分析,得到兔颅骨修复过程中新生骨定量生长情况,用计算机图像处理方法将成风过程从传统的组织形态学光镜观察的定性分析上升到了定量分析,为磷酸钙骨水泥修复骨缺损成骨机理和临床材料选择提供了定量的依据。     

A Novel 3D-Printed Bi-Layer Cranial-Brain Patch Promotes Brain Injury Repair and Bone Tissue Regeneration

Traumatic brain injury (TBI), recognized as the world's most serious public health problem, currently lacks effective treatment options. The development of the patch has great clinical significance whether it is used as a skull implant material or TBI repair. In response to this critical health challenge, a novel 3D-printed bi-layer cranial-brain patch (SMB6) with dual functionality, addressing both TBI repair and skull regeneration, is developed. In the first layer, the incorporation of high concentrations of mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles establishes a microenvironment for bone regeneration. Meanwhile, the second layer, comprised of methacrylated silk fibroin hydrogel, provides essential mechanical support for nanocell membrane vesicles loaded with macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-6. This innovative design aims to interrupt the cascade of secondary brain injury. In experimental models of TBI, SMB6 demonstrates remarkable efficacy in inhibiting brain edema, exerting therapeutic effects on blood vessels, nerves, and inflammation. Additionally, promising outcomes are observed in promoting bone regeneration in skull defect models. This work not only introduces a potential therapeutic patch for TBI-related diseases but also provides novel insights for the clinical translation of cranial patches.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of TiC/Ti–6Al–4V composites processed by in situ casting route

Abstract

TiC/Ti–6Al–4V composites containing various volume fractions of TiC were produced by induction skull melting and common casting utilising in situ reaction between titanium and carbon powder. The microstructure and room tensile properties of as cast and heat treated TiC/Ti–6Al–4V composites were investigated. Bar-like or small globular eutectic TiC were found in 5 vol.-%TiC/Ti–6Al–4V composite, whereas the equiaxed or dendritic primary TiC particles were found to be the main reinforcements in 10 and 15 vol.-%TiC/Ti–6Al–4V composites. The as cast TiC/Ti–6Al–4V composites have shown higher strength but lower ductility than those of monolithic Ti–6Al–4V alloy. The shape and fracture of TiC particles can strongly influence the fracture and failure of the composites, and so the ultimate tensile strengths and elongations of as cast composites reduce with the increase in volume fraction of TiC. TiC particles appear to be spheroidised, and titanium precipitation can be found within large TiC particles after heat treatment at 1050°C for 8 h, which can promote the resistance to fracture of composites. Therefore, the elongations of the composites increase significantly, and the ultimate tensile strengths also have marginal increase especially for the 10 and 15 vol.-%TiC/Ti–6Al–4V composites after heat treatment.     

Facile Synthesis of Efficient Luminogens with AIE Features for Three-Photon Fluorescence Imaging of the Brain through the Intact Skull

Visualization of the brain in its native environment is important for understanding common brain diseases. Herein, bright luminogens with remarkable aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics and high quantum yields of up to 42.6% in the solid state are synthesized through facile reaction routes. The synthesized molecule, namely BTF, shows ultrabright far-red/near-infrared emission and can be fabricated into AIE dots by a simple nanoprecipitation procedure. Due to their high brightness, large Stokes shift, good biocompatibility, satisfactory photostability, and large three-photon absorption cross section, the AIE dots can be utilized as efficient fluorescent nanoprobes for in vivo brain vascular imaging through the intact skull by a three-photon fluorescence microscopy imaging technique. This is the first example of using AIE dots for the visualization of the cerebral stroke process through the intact skull of a mouse with high penetration depth and good image contrast. Such good results are anticipated to open up a new venue in the development of efficient emitters with strong nonlinear optical effects for noninvasive bioimaging of living brain.     

Real‐Time IR Tracking of Single Reflective Micromotors through Scattering Tissues

Medical micromotors have the potential to lead to a paradigm shift in future biomedicine, as they may perform active drug delivery, microsurgery, tissue engineering, or assisted fertilization in a minimally invasive manner. However, the translation to clinical treatment is challenging, as many applications of single or few micromotors require real‐time tracking and control at high spatiotemporal resolution in deep tissue. Although optical techniques are a popular choice for this task, absorption and strong light scattering lead to a pronounced decrease of the signal‐to‐noise ratio with increasing penetration depth. Here, a highly reflective micromotor is introduced which reflects more than tenfold the light intensity of simple gold particles and can be precisely navigated by external magnetic fields. A customized optical IR imaging setup and an image correlation technique are implemented to track single micromotors in real‐time and label‐free underneath phantom and ex vivo mouse skull tissues. As a potential application, the micromotors speed is recorded when moving through different viscous fluids to determine the viscosity of diverse physiological fluids toward remote cardiovascular disease diagnosis. Moreover, the micromotors are loaded with a model drug to demonstrate their cargo‐transport capability. The proposed reflective micromotor is suitable as theranostic tool for sub‐skin or organ‐on‐a‐chip applications.     

深度迭代融合的脑部磁共振图像颅骨去除网络

目的 去除颅骨是脑部磁共振图像处理和分析中的重要环节。由于脑部组织结构复杂以及采集设备噪声的影响导致现有方法不能准确分割出脑部区域,为此提出一种深度迭代融合的卷积神经网络模型实现颅骨的准确去除。方法 本文DIFNet（deep iteration fusion net）模型的主体结构由编码器和解码器组成,中间的跳跃连接方式由多个上采样迭代融合构成。其中编码器由残差卷积组成,以便浅层语义信息更容易流入深层网络,避免出现梯度消失的现象。解码器网络由双路上采样模块构成,通过具有不同感受野的反卷积操作,将输出的特征图相加后作为模块输出,有效还原更多细节上的特征。引入带有L2正则的Dice损失函数训练网络模型,同时采用内部数据增强方法,有效提高模型的鲁棒性和泛化能力。结果 为了验证本文模型的分割性能,分别利用两组数据集与传统分割算法和主流的深度学习分割模型进行对比。在训练数据集同源的NFBS（neurofeedback skull-stripped）测试数据集上,本文方法获得了最高的平均Dice值和灵敏度,分别为99.12%和99.22%。将在NFBS数据集上训练好的模型直接应用于LPBA40（loni probabilistic brain atlas 40）数据集,本文模型的Dice值可达98.16%。结论 本文提出的DIFNet模型可以快速、准确地去除颅骨,相比于主流的颅骨分割模型,精度有较高提升,并且模型具有较好的鲁棒性和泛化能力。     

高炉铜冷却壁温度场数值模拟及其挂渣分析

针对高炉炉墙结构复杂,铜冷却壁热面工况难以直接检测的问题,采用有限元分析技术,建立高炉炉腰下部区域炉墙三维稳态传热模型,并对不同工况下炉墙温度场分布进行仿真。通过结合仿真结果和现场可检测数据,不断修正热面边界条件,推算出铜冷却壁热面挂渣厚度,为高炉操作提供必要的信息和可靠的指导。     

真空凝壳炉电源稳定性影响因素的分析

针对真空熔炼钛合金精密铸件大功率电源电流不稳定的现状,通过调试上位机的工艺曲线及示波器电流变化曲线,分析了弧电压和弧电流之间的耦合关系及其对熔速控制的影响、坩埚比对电源稳定性的影响,得到了弧电流的平稳调节是减小耦合的主要手段的结论及提出了合理的坩埚比建议。该研究成果为真空凝壳炉安全操作提供了理论依据。