Working memory capacity in generalized social phobia.

Research suggests that understanding complex social cues depends on the availability of cognitive resources (e.g., Phillips, Channon, Tunstall, Hedenstrom, & Lyons, 2008). In spite of evidence suggesting that executive control functioning may impact anxiety (e.g., Eysenck, Derakshan, Santos, & Calvo, 2007), relatively few studies have examined working memory in individuals with generalized social phobia. Moreover, few studies have examined the role of threat-relevant content in working memory performance in clinically anxious populations. To this end, the present study assessed working memory capacity (WMC) in individuals with generalized social phobia and nonanxious controls using an operation span task with threat-relevant and neutral stimuli. Results revealed that nonanxious individuals demonstrated better WMC than individuals with generalized social phobia for neutral words but not for social threat words. Individuals with generalized social phobia demonstrated better WMC performance for threat words relative to neutral words. These results suggest that individuals with generalized social phobia may have relatively enhanced working memory performance for salient, socially relevant information. This enhanced working memory capacity for threat-relevant information may be the result of practice with this information in generalized social phobia. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

基于像素块最大后验概率的视频对象分割方法

提出一种基于像素块最大后验概率的视频运动对象快速分割算法。首先根据连续3帧视频序列构建参考帧,计算基于像素块的差分图像;然后用Gibbs随机场模型描述基于像素块的差分图像,通过最大后验概率方法分割运动对象块;最后使用基于颜色梯度的snake模型提取运动对象轮廓。实验结果表明,该算法能避免视频对象的缺失,降低图像噪声的影响,减少误分割,同时具有较快的计算速度。     

基于J2ME的贪吃蛇游戏的开发与实现

J2ME(Java 2 Micro Edition)是一种主要针对消费类电子设备的高度优化的Java运行环境,是Java2的一个组成部分。当今开发手机软件、游戏,到嵌入式开发,J2ME都是主流。该文介绍了J2ME体系结构与其开发环境,着重就贪吃蛇这一经典手机游戏的开发与实现作了详细介绍。     

动态骨架算法

骨架是表示物体形状的一种有效形式.基于距离变换的骨架求解算法得到的骨架尽管准确光滑,但必须仔细地检查其连续性;而当骨架的结构较为复杂时,这种连续性检查会变得非常困难.结合Thinning技术和Snake模型,提出了一个平面二值图的动态骨架算法.首先利用Thinning技术生成连续且拓扑保持的初始骨架,然后根据Snake模型的思想,将初始骨架引导到正确的位置上.动态骨架算法提取的骨架不仅保持了位置的准确和外形的光滑,同时也解决了骨架的连续性问题.     

First Insights into the Venom Composition of Two Ecuadorian Coral Snakes

Micrurus is a medically relevant genus of venomous snakes composed of 85 species. Bites caused by coral snakes are rare, but they are usually associated with very severe and life-threatening clinical manifestations. Ecuador is a highly biodiverse country with a complex natural environment, which is home to approximately 20% of identified Micrurus species. Additionally, it is on the list of Latin American countries with the highest number of snakebites. However, there is no local antivenom available against the Ecuadorian snake venoms, and the biochemistry of these venoms has been poorly explored. Only a limited number of samples collected in the country from the Viperidae family were recently characterised. Therefore, this study addressed the compositional patterns of two coral snake venoms from Ecuador, M. helleri and M. mipartitus, using venomics strategies, integrating sample fractionation, gel electrophoresis, and mass spectrometry. Chromatographic and electrophoretic profiles of these snake venoms revealed interspecific variability, which was ascertained by mass spectrometry. The two venoms followed the recently recognised dichotomic toxin expression trends displayed by Micrurus species: M. helleri venom contains a high proportion (72%) of phospholipase A₂, whereas M. mipartitus venom is dominated by three-finger toxins (63%). A few additional protein families were also detected in these venoms. Overall, these results provide the first comprehensive views on the composition of two Ecuadorian coral snake venoms and expand the knowledge of Micrurus venom phenotypes. These findings open novel perspectives to further research the functional aspects of these biological cocktails of PLA₂s and 3FTxs and stress the need for the preclinical evaluation of the currently used antivenoms for therapeutic purposes in Ecuador.     

多模块蛇形管道打磨机器人的设计与分析

设计了一种由多个模块构成的蛇形管道打磨机器人,各个模块之间可以快速拆装,其中驱动模块为机器人在管道中前行提供动力牵引.该机器人可以主动适应内径为250 mm～450 mm的直管道、弯管道及其组合管道,可以在管道内部实现以打磨作业为主的作业功能.同时,提出了适用于蛇形管道打磨机器人自身过弯管的速度模型,通过对机器人的力学分析得出各个模块之间相互作用力的计算方法及影响机器人在管道内部转体运动发生的因素.在ADAMS软件中进行了虚拟样机仿真验证,初步验证了蛇形管道打磨机器人的通过性并得出机器人在管道内部前行的最佳匹配.最后,搭建了实验平台,制作了机器人真实样机,验证了机器人对内径为250 mm～450 mm管道的适应性、通过性及作业效果.     

蛇形机器人: 仿生机理、结构驱动和建模控制

水下蛇形机器人是一种受生物启发的新型无人潜航器. 刚柔耦合蛇形机器人是一种由刚性推进和软体关节驱动的模块化游动机器人,以该机器人为研究对象,首先,将软体关节建模为柔性万向节,继而可以把两种物理特性差距较大的模块联合建模,建立了刚柔统一运动学和动力学模型,并以此评估了机器人的静态和动态特性. 此外,蛇形机器人是一种典型的冗余驱动机器人,可以利用冗余自由度完成多任务控制. 因此,基于刚柔统一模型设计了任务优先级控制器,以末端位置/姿态控制为主要任务、基座位置控制为次要任务模拟了机器人在不同情况下的轨迹跟踪效果,结果显示当基座固定而末端移动时,末端的平均跟踪误差为X方向1.41%、Y方向1.02%;当两端同时移动时,末端的平均跟踪误差为X方向0.53%、Y方向1.64%;当两端位置固定而控制末端姿态时,俯仰角的平均误差为0.38%,偏航角的平均误差为0.14%,验证了控制器的有效性.     

遗传算法在Snake模型中的应用

文章针对Snake模型应用于图像边缘检测时对于噪音过于敏感的不足,提出了一种改进的方法。利用遗传算法的全局优化特性改进Snake模型局部优化的缺点,并取得了较好的效果。     

蛇舌草保健饮料的研制

本文研究了以蛇舌草为原料生产蛇舌草汁保健饮料的工艺流程及工艺条件，确定了最佳工艺为：首先用80℃热水浸提30分钟，然后煮沸3分钟，粗滤后用离心机在1500转/分下离心5分钟，过滤后的滤液经调配后采用121℃，30秒的超高温瞬时杀菌。