大数据系统和分析技术综述

首先根据处理形式的不同,介绍了不同形式数据的特征和各自的典型应用场景以及相应的代表性处理系统,总结了大数据处理系统的三大发展趋势;随后,对系统支撑下的大数据分析技术和应用(包括深度学习、知识计算、社会计算与可视化等)进行了简要综述,总结了各种技术在大数据分析理解过程中的关键作用;最后梳理了大数据处理和分析面临的数据复杂性、计算复杂性和系统复杂性挑战,并逐一提出了可能的应对之策.     

网络水军识别研究

网络水军识别关键技术已成为当前数据挖掘领域最为活跃的研究之一.如何挖掘海量用户信息中潜藏的网络水军特征与行为模式,从而发现网络水军,以维护良好的网络环境,保障合理的网络秩序,已成为一项十分具有挑战性的工作.对比传统与新型网络水军识别研究,从识别特征角度对近几年内网络水军识别研究进展进行综述,对其关键技术和效用评价进行了前沿概括、比较和分析,并对网络水军识别中有待深入研究的难点和发展趋势进行了展望.     

基于节点分割的社交网络属性隐私保护

现有研究表明,社交网络中用户的社交结构信息和非敏感属性信息均会增加用户隐私属性泄露的风险.针对当前社交网络隐私属性匿名算法中存在的缺乏合理模型、属性分布特征扰动大、忽视社交结构和非敏感属性对敏感属性分布的影响等弱点,提出一种基于节点分割的隐私属性匿名算法.该算法通过分割节点的属性连接和社交连接,提高了节点的匿名性,降低了用户隐私属性泄露的风险.此外,量化了社交结构信息对属性分布的影响,根据属性相关程度进行节点的属性分割,能够很好地保持属性分布特征,保证数据可用性.实验结果表明,该算法能够在保证数据可用性的同时,有效抵抗隐私属性泄露.     

在线用户兴趣多样性的实证研究

在线用户的群体兴趣对于分析在线社会网络以及个性化推荐至关重要。研究的目的是引入信息熵这一指标来准确度量用户兴趣的多样性。分别在电影网站MovieLens和音乐网站Last．FM数据上进行实证分析,即统计度相同的用户所选产品的信息熵值。MovieLens的结果表明,随着用户度的增加,熵值出现先上升后下降的趋势,即度小的用户和度大的用户的兴趣比较专一,而一般用户的兴趣较为多样;而Last．FM的结果表明,度小用户的兴趣非常多样,但随着用户听过的音乐数量越多,兴趣越明确。通过建立随机模型与实证结果进行比较,可以发现绝大多数用户在真实数据集上的兴趣的多样性比随机情况要大,可见用户的兴趣对用户行为模式的影响显著。     

Retaining and attracting users in social networking services: An empirical investigation of cyber migration

Users are the most critical strategic resource of any online social networking service (SNS). This paper offers strategic recommendations for SNS providers based on an empirical study exploring why users switch from a primary SNS to others. We first identify important characteristics that combine to distinguish SNSs from conventional information systems, then develop a “cyber migration” research model that includes push, pull and mooring factors which influence user intention to switch from one SNS to another. Findings from a field survey of 180 users reveal four significant factors that promote switching: dissatisfaction with socialization support, dissatisfaction with entertainment value, continuity cost, and peer influence. Strategies grounded in these factors are suggested for SNS providers to better attract and retain users.     

互联网应用发展和用户行为解析

互联网在我国迅猛发展,其应用不断创新发展。本文从搜索引擎、社交网站、电子商务、网络视频、网络游戏、移动互联网6个方面对互联网应用发展现状以及各种用户的行为习惯进行研究．最后分析了各种互联网应用的发展趋势。     

民间传统御寒器具——火桶设计研究

＂火桶＂是南方传统的御寒器物,它具有造型简单,取材方便,功能实用多样的特点,凝聚了民间朴素造物的思想。同时,火桶所具有着深厚的人文特点和文化内涵。文章以黔东南镇远地区民间火桶为例,分析其形态、结构、功能及人机关系等内容,探究民间造物的设计巧思。     

浅析垂直社交产品的特点与设计要点

文章通过对社交网络的当前状况与新时代互联网的发展趋势分析,论证了垂直社交出现的必然性。阐释了其基本的产品特征。通过对社交心理学研究。对需求进行分析与重构。阅释了垂直社交产品设计的要点。通过现象观察与案例分析,阐释了垂直社交产品的发展趋势。     

在线社交网络的UNI64采样方法

在对社交网络采样方法进行研究时,常以拒绝-接受采样法得到的样本作为对照来评价其他采样方法的优劣.由于各种在线社交网络陆续将其用户ID系统由32位升级为64位,导致拒绝-接受采样法的采样命中率近乎为零.本文根据在线社交网络的特点,以新浪微博为例,对其用户ID分布情况进行分析,提出了一种改进的拒绝-接受采样法UNI64.该方法通过分析网络有效ID样本的分布情况,结合聚类的方法将整个样本空间划分为有效区间和无效区间,并使采样算法避开无效区间,仅在有效区间内生成待测样本,从而有效提高了拒绝-接受采样法在有效样本极为稀疏的样本空间内采样的命中率.     

Odors in traps: Does most recent occupant influence capture rates for house mice?

Responses of house mice (Mus domesticus) to odors in live traps were studied in a series of eight 0.1-ha outdoor field enclosures. It was assumed that the most recent mouse capture would provide the predominant odor in a trap for at least one week. Three different populations were tested, one in 1989 and two in 1992, involving over 800 different mice. Similar response patterns were recorded from all three groups. Two types of questions were tested: (1) Were there any biases contingent upon what had been previously caught? (2) Were there consistent responses of mice of particular age, sex, or reproductive classes to trap odors? Traps soiled by juvenile females caught adult females significantly less often than expected, but there were no consistent relationships in terms of the effects of specific residual odors on the subsequent capture at a particular trap. For various age, sex, and reproductive classes, (1) adult males preferred odors from juvenile and estrous females and avoided odors of other males significantly more than expected, (2) juvenile females selected traps with odors of other juvenile females and avoided all other types of female odors significantly more than expected, (3) nonestrous females exhibited a significant preference for adult male odor, and (4) estrous females selected traps containing odors from adult males but avoided those that had previously contained either nonestrous or pregnant/lactating females significantly more than expected. These findings have potential implications with regard to both the methods used for trapping small rodents and the social biology of house mice.