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91.
讨论了用臭氧氧化法对聚丙烯表面进行涂装性改良时,丙烯均聚物、乙烯-丙烯嵌段共聚物及无规共聚物表面以接触角表示的亲水性和涂膜剥离强度之间的关系。结果表明,当聚丙烯表面对水的接触角在84°附近时,可反应型涂料的涂膜剥离强度将出现最大值。在此也证明了涂膜的剥离破坏存在着接着破坏和凝集破坏两种机理,当接触角减小到84°及84°以上时,剥离发生在聚丙烯和涂层的界面上产生接着破坏;当接触角减小到84°以下时,剥离发生在聚丙烯的表面氧化层相中,产生凝集破坏。 相似文献
92.
Estimating discharge in gravel‐bed river using non‐contact ground‐penetrating and surface‐velocity radars 下载免费PDF全文
Discharge measurement is a critical task for gravel‐bed channels. Under high‐flow conditions, the elevation of the riverbed changes significantly by intensive torrential flow. The stage–discharge relations commonly used for stream discharge estimation may no longer be adequate. The contact‐type velocity measuring is also subject to measurement errors and/or instrument failures by the high‐flow velocities, driftwood, stumps, and debris. This study developed a new real‐time method to estimate river discharge in gravel‐bed channels. A systematic measuring technology combining ground‐penetrating radar and surface‐velocity radar was employed. The rating curves representing the relations of water surface velocity to the channel cross‐sectional mean velocity and flow area were established. Stream discharge was then deduced from the resulting mean velocity and flow area. The proposed method was examined in a steep gravel‐bed reach of the Cho‐Shui River in central Taiwan. The estimated stream discharge during three flood events were compared to the prediction by using the stage–discharge relation and the index‐velocity method. The proposed method of this study is capable of computing reasonable values of discharge for an entire flood hydrograph, whereas the other two methods tend to produce large extrapolation errors. Moreover, when the computed discharge is used in 2D flood flow simulation, the proposed method demonstrates better performance than the commonly used stage–discharge and index‐velocity methods. 相似文献
93.
In the last decade, cocurrent downflow circulating fluidized bed reactors, called “downer” reactors, have been proposed as an alternative to upflow circulating fluidized bed, or “riser”, reactors. In this paper, published results on downer studies are summarized and future directions of research are recommended. Downer reactors are shown to have several distinct advantages over upflow circulating fluidized bed reactors and can potentially be used in many industrial processes, mainly due to a more uniform gas and solids flow structure compared with risers. 相似文献
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96.
Acquisition of the contact force at the instrument tip can enable better performance, e.g. transparency of the haptic feedback in the surgical robot systems. It is, however, difficult to measure the contact force directly due to technical limitations in attaching sensors to the tip of the instruments. This paper proposes a method to estimate the forces by installing the sensors away from the instrument tip. The proposed method employs specially designed mechanical parts of the slave robot, i.e. a slider cover plate for the z-axis translational force along the insertion direction, and docking clamps for the rotational pivot torques around the fulcrum point. Strain gauges are attached to specially designed places with enhancing shapes. The simulation results of the force estimation are presented to confirm the strain concentration area. The proposed method is validated with quantitative experimental results. Calibrated weights are determined upon the comparison of the strain value with a calibrated 6-axis force/torque sensor. The percentage error in the force calibration is about 5~8% calculated by the root mean square error (RMSE) of force-sensing performance. In addition, it can be computed by considering only the bending phase of each sensor although the hysteresis is observed from the calibration graph. 相似文献
97.
Chemical properties of femoral gland secretions in the desert iguana,Dipsosaurus dorsalis 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Allison C. Alberts 《Journal of chemical ecology》1990,16(1):13-25
This study investigates the chemistry of femoral gland secretions in the desert iguana,Dipsosaurus dorsalis (Lacertilia: Iguanidae), and discusses their possible functional significance. Electrophoretic and proton NMR studies indicated that the secretions are composed of approximately 80 % protein and 20% lipid material. Individual differences in polyacrylamide gel banding patterns of femoral gland proteins were found. Reflectance spectroscopy revealed that the secretions strongly absorb longwave ultraviolet light, a feature that may be important in the localization of secretion deposits in the environment. 相似文献
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99.
基于TS201处理器的软件优化设计,对于提高运算效率和运行稳定性是非常关键的。结合具体项目和实际工作经验,对如何正确利用TS201处理器的各种资源进行了分析,并提出了优化设计方法。按此方法设计的信号处理软件已成功应用到了某探测系统中,实现了系统提出的各种功能,并满足实时性要求,软件运行稳定,验证了所提方法的正确性。 相似文献
100.
低氟含量低表面能自清洁氟碳涂料的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以氟单体和丙烯酸酯类单体通过聚合物的分子结构设计,合成了一类总氟含量不超过12%的低氟含量的含氟丙烯酸树脂,所制备的氟碳涂料的涂层的表面能低,具有自清洁功能。分析了该涂层中极性与非极性官能团的分子取向机理,测定了纯水水珠在不同含氟单体均聚物和共聚物清漆漆膜上以及在含氟丙烯酸树脂涂层上的接触角,探明了含氟丙烯酸树脂涂层的总氟含量与表面能的关系、含氟官能团在涂层中的分布,探讨了低氟含量的含氟丙烯酸树脂涂料的涂层自清洁机理。 相似文献