An enhanced error estimator on the constitutive relation for plasticity problems

This paper presents an extension to plasticity problems of a new error estimator on the constitutive relation which was introduced by P. Ladevèze in a recent paper. Numerical experiments show that this enhanced error estimator can lead to a significant improvement in the effectivity indexes in the case of anisotropic meshes, or when perfect plasticity is approached.     

在Windows环境下开发应力测试系统控制软件的研究

讨论了在Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ环境下用 Ｄｅｌｐｈｉ３开发半导体应力自动测量系统控制软件的方法和关键细节。介绍硬件与软件调试中要注意的问题。对 Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ环境下开发控制硬件工作的软件进行了探讨。     

力敏传感器芯片设计分析

较详细地分析了影响半导体力敏传感器性能的因素;介绍了圆膜片、片方膜、短形膜片上芯片的最佳设计方法．对研制开发新型的力敏传感器有一定的指导意义．     

钴基非晶丝应力电阻抗效应

研究了钴基非晶丝材料显示的应力电阻抗 (SI)效应。结果表明 ,淬态钴基非晶丝在其两端受到外加轴向压力作用下可呈现显著的应力电阻抗效应 ,它与驱动电流频率及幅值均有关     

A low cost, non-individualized surround sound system based upon head related transfer functions: an ergonomics study and prototype development

This paper reports on the types and magnitudes of localization errors of simulated binaural direction cues generated using non-individualized, head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) with different levels of complexity. Four levels of complexity, as represented by the number of non-zero coefficients of the associated HRTF filters (128, 64, 32, 18 non-zero coefficients), were studied. Experiment 1 collected 1728 data runs that were exhaustive combinations of the four levels of complexity, nine simulated directions of sound (no direction (i.e., diotical-mono), 0 degrees , 45 degrees , 90 degrees , 135 degrees , 180 degrees , 225 degrees , 270 degrees , and 315 degrees azimuth angles at 0 degrees elevation), two repetitions, and 24 participants). Binaural cues generated from HRTFs of reduced complexity (from 128 to 18 non-zero coefficients) produced significantly higher localization errors for the directions of 45 degrees , 135 degrees , 225 degrees , and 315 degrees azimuth angles (p<0.01). From the directions of 0 degrees , 90 degrees , and 270 degrees azimuth angles, the cues produced by HRTFs with reduced complexity did not affect the localization error (p>0.2). Surprisingly, cues produced by HRTFs of 128 non-zero coefficients did not have the lowest number of errors. From 45 degrees , 135 degrees , 225 degrees , and 315 degrees , the lowest numbers of errors were obtained from cues produced by HRTFs of 64, 32, 32, and 64 non-zero coefficients, respectively. Based on these findings, a prototype virtual headphone-based surround-sound (VHSS) system was developed. A double-blind usability experiment with 32 participants indicated that the prototype VHSS system received significantly better surround-sound ratings than did a Dolby stereo system (p<0.02). This paper reports results from an original ergonomics study and the application of these results to the design of a consumer product.     

Responses of the autonomic nervous system during periods of perceived high and low work stress in younger and older female teachers

The aim of this study was to examine the response of the autonomic nervous system in younger (mean age 31 yrs, n=14) and older (mean age 54 yrs, n=14) healthy female teachers during work periods of perceived high and low stress. In the younger participants, heart rate, cortisol excretion rate and psychosomatic symptoms were significantly higher during the high work stress period. The older participants experienced no decrease in their heart rate and cortisol excretion during the low stress period and they exhibited no significant decrease in blood pressure after the work in the evening during both periods. It may be concluded that the recovery from the stress in the older teachers was insufficient particularly in view of their elevated diastolic blood pressure during the low work stress period. Ergonomic and individually tailored measures in terms of work time control, specific relaxation techniques, and a part-time retirement may improve the stress management of older teachers.     

江垭碾压混凝土坝无应力变形统计模型分析

无应力变形分析是大坝安全监测资料分析中应力应变分析的基础。文章以江垭大坝无应力变形实际监测资料为依据,通过温度因子、时效因子的选择建立无应力变形的统计模型,进而对模型的各个分量进行分析,得出江垭大坝目前无应力变形的状态。     

土体中间主应力确定及其对临界值影响

分析比较平面应变状态下中间主应力的各种形式,根据侧限压缩试验的特殊应力应变条件,推导了一个 与土性参数有关的中间主应力表达式. 该表达式可简单地通过三轴压缩试验所得的参数来确定,同时还可以简 单反映土体应力历史对土体强度的影响. 将该表达式与SMP 准则和Lade 准则结合,建立了平面应变状态下土 性参数与三轴压缩状态土性参数的关系,通过试验数据的分析比较看出,所得的中间主应力能更好地反映土体 的实际性状,对于SMP 准则和Lade 准则均有很好的适用性.     

SAPTIS：结构多场仿真与非线性分析软件 开发及应用（之一）

介绍大型结构多场仿真与非线性分析软件SAPTIS,包括软件中所采用的单元类型、方程求解方法、大坝全过程仿真的开挖浇筑模拟方法、水化热模型、通水冷却模型、温度边界条件、弹性模量模型、徐变度模型、自生体积变形以及掺MgO混凝土特性等,还给出了分析结果表达方式。该软件已成功应用于三峡、二滩、龙滩、小湾、溪洛渡、锦屏、丹江口等四十余个大中型水利水电工程的混凝土坝和其他结构温度场、应力场仿真分析、温控防裂和大坝真实工作性态研究,取得了良好的经济效益。应用成果表明,SAPTIS采用的计算模型能正确反映混凝土材料的热学特性、混凝土结构的应力和变形特性,具有计算速度快、计算规模大、结果精度高等优点。     

武都水库坝后背管设计

介绍了武都水库坝后背管的布置、结构计算、结构型式及配筋、防腐设计和安全监测设计。坝后背管因其对大坝混凝土施工干扰小,已广泛采用。设计除满足结构强度和抗外压稳定外,还需满足外包混凝土的限裂要求。在高地震区,应采取措施加强背管与坝体混凝土之间的连接。