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1.
Role stress has received a lot of research attention in psychological, sociological, and organizational studies over the last several decades. Based on a literature review of about 300 journal articles, this article examines prominent consequences of role stress. Specific focus is on researching differences in relationships between facets of role stress (i.e., role ambiguity, role conflict, and role overload) and frequently cited consequences using techniques of meta-analysis. Findings indicate that each role stress facet has a different relationship with the eight consequences studied. Role stress research can benefit from looking at each facet individually in addition to role stress generally. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
2.
Rheological properties of MR fluids under large step strain shear are presented in this paper. The experiments were carried out using a rheometer with parallel-plate geometry. Under the large step strain shear, MR fluids behave as nonlinear viscoelastic properties, where the stress relaxation modulus, G(t, γ), shows a decreasing trend with step strain. The experimental results indicate that G(t, γ) obeys time-strain separability. Thus, a mathematical form based on finite exponential serials is proposed to predict MR behavior. In this model, G(t, γ) is represented as the product of a linear stress relaxation, G(t), and the damping function, h(γ), i.e. G(t, γ)=G(t) h(γ). G(t) is simply represented as a three-parameter exponential serial and h(γ) has a sigmoidal form with two parameters. The parameters are identified by adopting an efficient optimization method proposed by Stango et al. The comparison between the experimental results and the model-predicted values indicates that this mathematical model can accurately predict MR behavior. 相似文献
3.
The tensile elastic modulus (E), yield stress (σY) and microhardness (MH) of neat and binary and ternary blends of glassy semicrystalline ethylene–vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH), a glassy amorphous polyamide and a semicrystalline nylon‐containing ionomer covering a broad range of properties were examined. The tests were carried out on dry and water‐equilibrated samples to produce stiffer and softer materials, respectively. From the results, more accurate linear correlations were found to describe adequately the microhardness, modulus and yield stress of these strongly self‐associated polymers through hydrogen bonding. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
4.
Kruk Menno R.; Halász József; Meelis Wout; Haller József 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2004,118(5):1062
Aggressive behavior induces an adrenocortical stress response, and sudden stressors often precipitate violent behavior. Experiments in rats revealed a fast, mutual, positive feedback between the adrenocortical stress response and a brain mechanism controlling aggression. Stimulation of the aggressive area in the hypothalamus rapidly activated the adrenocortical response, even in the absence of an opponent and fighting. Hypothalamic aggression, in turn, was rapidly facilitated by a corticosterone injection in rats in which the natural adrenocortical stress response was prevented by adrenalectomy. The rapidity of both effects points to a fast, mutual, positive feedback of the controlling mechanisms within the time frame of a single conflict. Such a mutual facilitation may contribute to the precipitation and escalation of violent behavior under stressful conditions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
5.
首次对茂金属聚丙烯(miPP)/齐格勒-纳塔聚丙烯(ziPP)共混体系的流动性进行了系统的研究。研究发现,在miPP/ziPP共混体系中,miPP含量的变化改变了共混体系的相结构,这种相结构会随着温度和剪切速率的变化而产生明显的变化,从而改变了体系的流动性能,且该共混体系在不同剪切速率下的流动曲线可以分别通过两个模型进行模拟。 相似文献
6.
M. Kaiarov E. Rudnayov J. Koval
ík J. Dusza M. Hnatko P. ajgalík A. Merstallinger 《Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik》2003,34(4):338-342
In the presented work some properties of a recently developed Si3N4/SiC micro/nanocomposite have been investigated. The material was tested using a pin on disc configuration. Under unlubricated sliding conditions using Si3N4 pin at 50 % humidity, the friction coefficient was in the range of 0,6 ‐ 0,7. The reduction of humidity resulted in a lower coefficient of friction, in vacuum the coefficient of friction had a value of about 0,6. The wear resistance in vacuum was significantly lower then that in air. The wear patterns on the Si3N4+SiC disc revealed that mechanical fracture was the wear controlling mechanism. Creep tests were realized in four point bending configuration in the temperature interval 1200‐1400 °C at stresses 50,100 and 150 MPa and the minimal creep deformation rate was established for each stress level. The activation energy, established from the minimal creep deformation had a value of about 360 kJ/mol and the stress exponent values were in the range of 0.8‐1.28. From the achieved stress exponents it can be assumed that under the studied load/temperature conditions the diffusion creep was the most probable creep controlling mechanism. 相似文献
7.
通过对相变增韧陶瓷及一种可切削玻璃-陶瓷动态疲劳(恒应力速率)试验中高应力速率区断裂应力下降现象的理论分析,发现这种现象与材料的阻力特性(R-curve)密切相关。确立的σ_f-σ理论关系能够很好地描述整个应力速率区间内的动态疲劳试验结果。高应力速率区σ_f-σ在双对数坐标下为负斜率直线,直线斜率为(m为阻力曲线KR=k(△a)~m的指数),断裂主要由材料阻力行为控制;低应力速率区,σ_f-σ在双对数坐标下为正斜率直线,直线斜率为 (n为应力腐蚀指数),断裂主要由材料应力腐蚀行为控制。建立了测定材料阻力特性的一种新方法,分别用这种方法及压痕/弯曲方法对一种可切削玻璃-陶瓷的阻力特性进行了实验测定,两种方法所得结果有很好的一致性。 相似文献
8.
用实验方法研究了Al_2O_3陶瓷缺口试件在循环载荷作用下的疲劳寿命。结果表明,缺口导致的应力集中效应显著降低了循环疲劳寿命;若用缺口根部最大应力为应力水平,则不同缺口半径陶瓷试件具有相同疲劳断裂规律,说明陶瓷材料的疲劳集中系数和理论应力集中系数相同。本文还分析讨论了陶瓷材料的循环疲劳寿命表达式和循环疲劳断裂机理。 相似文献
9.
María P. Albano Liliana B. Garrido 《Journal of Materials Synthesis and Processing》2002,10(4):211-218
Si3N4powders coated with 6 wt% Y2O3and 4 wt% Al2O3were prepared by coprecipitation. The resulting powders were dispersed in water at different pH values and with addition of various amounts of ammonium polyacrylate (NH4PA) to produce 32 vol% slips. The influence of the amount of NH4PA solution added and pH on the rheological properties of 32 vol% coated Si3N4slips were studied. In addition, the sintered density of cast samples was determined and related to the degree of slip dispersion. The adsorption of the NH4PA on the coated particle surface was rather high and the surface became saturated near 0.86 mg/m2at pH 9.2. High NH4PA concentrations (1.7–3 wt%) were necessary to obtain well dispersed 32 vol% coated Si3N4slips at pH 9.2. The best stabilization was obtained with the addition of 2.3 wt% NH4PA; in this condition, the viscosity reached a minimum value of 35 mPa.s at 100 s–1. The slip viscosity increased with increasing pH from 9.2 to 10.2. Slips with low viscosities gave a more dense packing of cast samples and consequently higher sintered density values. 相似文献
10.
高温预析出对Al-Zn-Mg系铝合金时效硬化和应力腐蚀的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了高温固溶后降温处理工艺对中强可使预析出LC52和7039铝合金的组织、时效硬化和应力腐蚀的影响。金相观察发现,高温预析出可优先在晶界处产生,并提高随后时效状态下晶界析出相的不连续分布程度,温度降低到一定程度晶内和晶界产生大量析出。合金拉伸性能和应力腐蚀结果表明,预析出在保持强度和塑性的同时,可提高抗应力腐蚀性能。而预析出温度降低,合金强度呈下降趋势。 相似文献