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991.
太安的降静电表面处理   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
介绍了用表面活性剂处理太安的方法,对处理后的太安进行了静电性能测试和分析,得出最佳抗静电用表面活性剂的种类及使用浓度。实验结果表明。太安炸药经过表面活性剂处理后,其静电得到大幅度降低,有利于导爆索生产工艺与质量。  相似文献   
992.
Trajectory tracking and roll stabilization are both vital practices in ship motion control. Trajectory tracking is a kind of low‐frequency control, while roll stabilization by means of fins is a kind of high‐frequency control. However, they have been studied separately previously; most tracking control of underactuated surface vessels in the previous studies do not account for roll stabilization by means of fins. In reality, however, they are an integral system. In this paper, a simple control strategy is proposed to achieve trajectory tracking and fin roll stabilization simultaneously. Four degrees of freedom derived from a six degrees of freedom mathematical model of a surface vessel is considered, including surge, sway, roll and yaw. Surge force, roll moment and yaw moment are considered as control inputs, while position, yaw angle and roll angle are controlled. The number of control inputs is fewer than the outputs to be controlled. Therefore, we are dealing with an underactuated problem. An adaptive hierarchical sliding mode control technique is employed to deal with the underactuation. Stabilization of underactuated surface vessels is studied as a special case. Random waves are applied to test the robustness of the designed controllers. Lyapunov stability theory is used to show the stability of closed‐loop system. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.  相似文献   
993.
Abstract

Corrosion inhibitors based on environmentally friendly and harmless products are currently being studied and developed. The corrosion inhibition properties of caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) on copper corrosion in aqueous chloride solution (3.5?wt.% NaCl) are analysed here using stationary and transient electrochemical methods, and a theoretical study based on density functional theory is carried out. Caffeine is a very competitive compared to the chemical inhibitors that are often used for copper protection. Electrochemical and impedance experiments reveal that the protective efficiency of caffeine reaches a value of 96% at a concentration of 10?2?mol L?1. Based on these results, the Langmuir model appears to be the best representation of the adsorption of caffeine onto the copper surface. Scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to determine the surface morphology and the chemical composition of the copper surface in chloride media, in the absence and presence of caffeine. The results show the development of a mechanism of corrosion inhibition. In order to confirm the correlation between the inhibitory effect and the molecular structure of caffeine, quantum chemical parameters are used to calculate its electronic properties.  相似文献   
994.
无患子表面活性物及其复配体系的性质研究   总被引:25,自引:0,他引:25  
对天然植物原料无患子提取物中的表面活性物的性质(临界胶束浓度、表面张力和起泡性能)及其影响因素(温度、pH、水硬度和盐度等)进行了系统的研究,结果表明无患子表面活性物具有很低的cmc和γcmc,且在一定范围内受一些因素的影响也不大,是一种理想的香波原料;同时也研究了无患子活性物与其他温和型的阴离子表面活性剂的复配体系,表明具有明显的协同增效效果。  相似文献   
995.
研究了不同外加剂对陶瓷釉面表面性质的影响。研究表明 ,外加剂的加入可改变陶瓷釉面的表面张力 ,即影响液体对陶瓷釉面的润湿性能。在所选择的外加剂中 ,降低陶瓷釉面表面张力最强的为PbO ,其合适的加入量为 1.5 %。  相似文献   
996.
The objective of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of several different methods for controlling the pore size and pore size distribution in activated carbon fibers. Variables studied included fiber shape, activation time, and the addition of small amounts of silver nitrate. Pure isotropic pitch and the same isotropic pitch containing 1 wt.% silver were melt spun to form fibers with round and trilobal cross sections. These fibers were then stabilized, carbonized, and activated in carbon dioxide. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE SEM), electron dispersive spectra (EDS), and wavelength dispersive spectra (WDS) were used to monitor the size and distribution of the silver particles in the fibers before and after activation. Each of these analyses showed that the distribution of silver particles was extremely uniform before and after activation. The fibers were also weighed before and after activation to determine the percent burn-off. The BET specific surface areas of the activated fibers were determined from N2 adsorption isotherms measured at −196 °C. The results showed that round and trilobal fibers with equivalent cross-sectional areas yielded similar burn-off values and specific surface areas after activation. Also, activation rates were found to be independent of CO2 flow rate. The porosity of the activated fibers depended on the total time of activation and the cross-sectional area of fibers. The N2 adsorption measurements showed that the activated fibers had extremely high specific surface areas (greater than 3000 m2/g) and high degrees of meso- and macro-porosity. FE SEM was also used to investigate surface texture and size of pore openings on the surfaces of the activated fibers. The photos showed that silver particles generated surface macro- and mesopores, in agreement with the inferences from N2 adsorption measurements.  相似文献   
997.
优化甲醇工艺操作 提高产品质量   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
王磊  赵绍民  李厚强 《煤化工》2002,30(4):32-35
本文介绍了甲醇三塔精馏的产品质量控制及其影响因素 ,并提出了常压塔负压的处理方法。  相似文献   
998.
以低相对分子质量生物可降解D,L-聚乳酸(D,L-PLA)二醇和六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)为原料、1,4-丁二醇(BD)为扩链剂及聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮(PVP)为悬浮剂,通过悬浮聚合法初步合成了一种新型聚氨酯微球(PUMS)。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)考察了BD的含量对微球表面形态的影响,通过激光粒度分析仪讨论了搅拌速率和PVP浓度对微球粒径及其分布的影响,用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)粒度分析仪对微球的化学结构进行了表征。结果表明,合成的微球的平均粒径随搅拌速率和PVP浓度的增加而减少,粒径分布变宽;当搅拌速率为400r/min,PVP质量分数为1.5%时。微球的平均粒径约47μm,粒径分布最窄。约在10~90μm;微球表面有孔,但随着BD含量的增加,微球表面变得相对粗糙,孔数减少,孔径减小,直至孔消失。  相似文献   
999.
Toluene was decomposed in a surface discharge plasma reactor packed with various zeolites. The positioning effect of the zeolite bed was also investigated Reactor-B, in which the zeolite bed was located upstream, performed much better than Reactor-A, in which the zeolite bed was located downstream. Furthermore, the decomposition efficiency in Reactor-B increased with the capacity for toluene adsorption on zeolite, while that in Reactor-A did not. The toluene adsorbed in micropores was not decomposed effectively by direct electron impact, but was decomposed by active oxygen species generated in the plasma zone on the zeolite surface. A good correlation was also observed between toluene decomposition and ozone consumption in the downward-type reactor.  相似文献   
1000.
李默涵  李建中  程思瑶 《软件学报》2014,25(S2):147-156
数据过时是影响数据质量的重要因素,因此判定数据时效性对于提高数据质量至关重要.当前判定数据时效性的方法可分为两类:基于时间戳的方法和基于规则的方法.基于时间戳的方法要求精确完整的时间戳,但这样的时间戳在很多应用中不存在.基于规则的方法不要求时间戳,但现有方法均依赖于冗余元组,且不能对数据时效性做出定量判定.同时,这些方法均基于确定规则,无法表达不确定的领域知识.针对上述问题,提出不确定时效规则及相应的数据时效性模型.基于该模型,进一步给出了两个可定量地判定数据时效性的算法.同时,还给出了时效规则的学习算法.真实数据上的实验结果验证了算法的有效性.  相似文献   
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