杂质吸附固相萃取–液相色谱串联质谱法同时测定粮食中15种真菌毒素

建立了同步检测粮食中15种真菌毒素的杂质吸附固相萃取–超高效液相色谱串联质谱方法。样品经0.1%酸化84%乙腈水溶液提取,杂质吸附柱Prime-HLB净化后,加入稳定同位素内标补偿基质效应干扰,选择Phenomenon Kinetex Bipheny l100A作为分离柱,采用梯度洗脱,超高效液相色谱–串联质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）检测,内标法定量。结果表明,15种真菌毒素的线性相关系数均大于0.996,检出限为0.2~15 μg/kg,定量限为0.8~30 μg/kg;三种基质3个添加水平的回收率为76.9%~116.1%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为1.4%~10%;对玉米基质标准物质进行检测验证,表明8种真菌毒素的检测值均在标示范围内;采用本方法检测了市售粮食135批次,共有97批样品检出真菌毒素,检出率为71%,多毒素同时污染现象较为普遍。方法可用于粮食及其制品中真菌毒素的快速检测。     

Production of Biogenic Amines by Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Uzicka Sausages

The aim of this study was to monitor production of seven biogenic amines (Cadaverine – CAD, Putrescine – PUT, Spermine – SPE, Spermidine – SPD, Histamine – HIS, Tyramine – TYR and Tryptamine – TRY) in selected 24 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains. The decarboxylase activity of the microorganisms was studied in growth medium after 24 h cultivation. The ability of 24 LAB isolates cultivated in MRS broth and M17 broth supplement with 0.5% glucose to produce biogenic amines was assessed using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The investigation showed that LAB isolated from Uzicka sausage are not significant producers of biogenic amines in vitro.     

基于固相基质分散的高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定茄科蔬菜及其制品中龙葵素的含量

目的建立高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定茄科蔬菜及其制品中龙葵素α-茄碱和α-卡茄碱含量。方法样品采用0.1%甲酸水溶液:乙腈=1:1(V:V)提取,C18固相基质分散净化,经过色谱柱BEHAmide (2.1mm×100 mm, 1.7μm)分离,以2 mmol/L乙酸铵的0.1%甲酸水溶液:2 mmol/L乙酸铵的乙腈溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,柱温40℃,流速0.4m L/min,多反应模式监测,外标法定量。结果α-茄碱和α-卡茄碱在5～1000ng/m L内线性关系良好(r20.999)。α-茄碱方法检出限和定量限范围分别为0.1～1 mg/kg, 0.3～3 mg/kg;α-卡茄碱检出限和定量限分别为0.03～0.3 mg/kg, 0.1～1 mg/kg;在低、中、高3水平添加下,α-茄碱回收率为90.7%～108.0%,α-卡茄碱回收率为89.8%～102.7%,相对标准偏差均小于5.6%(n=6)。结论本方法快速简便、准确度好、灵敏度高等特点,适用于大批量茄科蔬菜及其制品中α-茄碱和α-卡茄碱的测定。     

新型共流转子与啮合转子构型对混炼胶料性能的影响

本文串联式密炼机中下游转子分别采用自行研发的新型共流转子和啮合型转子,对比两种不同转子构型的混炼机理以及混炼过程,利用传统全钢子午胎胎面胶配方,设计正交试验得到不同的工艺参数进行实验研究。通过对胶料性能测试实验数据的对比分析,探究新型共流转子相对于啮合转子在串联式混炼恒温反应式下混炼对胶料性能的影响。     

烟气多污染物协同处理催化陶瓷过滤管的研究进展

燃烧烟气中各污染物的排放是大气污染的最主要来源,针对烟气多污染物的治理意义重大。本文综述了国内外目前关于烟气多污染物脱除的两种技术,即传统串联脱除技术和一体化协同脱除技术。相比于传统串联脱除工艺,多污染物一体化协同脱除技术具有占地面积小、运行费用低、应用领域广的优点,是烟气多污染物治理的发展趋势。而陶瓷过滤管催化剂技术以其独有的非对称、孔径梯度变化的结构特性,成为一种极具应用前景的一体化协同脱除新技术。国内外关于陶瓷过滤管催化剂的研究主要从过滤管元件的选材和负载脱硝催化剂的工艺方法这两方面,围绕过滤管催化剂的催化活性、过滤压降及性能稳定性的进行研究,取得了一定的成果。结合当前陶瓷过滤管催化剂的研究现状,对今后烟气多污染物陶瓷过滤管催化剂技术的发展提出了建议。     

Profiling and Imaging of Phospholipids in Brains of Abcd1‐Deficient Mice

ABCD1 is a gene responsible for X‐linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X‐ALD), and is critical for the transport of very long‐chain fatty acids (VLCFA) into peroxisomes and subsequent β‐oxidation. VLCFA‐containing lipids accumulate in X‐ALD patients, although the effect of ABCD1‐deficiency on each lipid species in the central nervous system has not been fully characterized. In this study, each phospholipid and lysophospholipid species in Abcd1‐deficient mice brains were profiled by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry. Among the phospholipid and lysophospholipid species that are significantly more enriched in Abcd1‐deficient mice brains, VLCFA were present in 75, 15, 5, 4, and 1 species of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, sphingomyelin, lysophosphatidylcholine, and lysophosphatidylethanolamine, respectively. Most VLCFA were incorporated at the sn‐1 position of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. Among the phospholipid species that are significantly less enriched in Abcd1‐deficient mice brains, odd‐numbered saturated or mono‐unsaturated fatty acyl moieties are contained in all phosphatidylcholine species. In addition, a number of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidylserine species contained highly unsaturated fatty acyl moieties. Intriguingly, 44:1 phosphatidylcholine with VLCFA was mainly distributed in the gray matter, such as the cortex, but not in the white matter in the cerebrum and cerebellum. These results show that ABCD1‐deficiency causes metabolic alternation of long‐chain fatty acids and VLCFA. Moreover, our results imply a molecular mechanism for the incorporation of saturated or monounsaturated VLCFA into the sn‐1 position of phospholipids, and also indicate that the distribution of phospholipids with VLCFA may correlate with the development of X‐ALD.     

液相色谱和液质联用技术在水产品安全检测中的应用

介绍了近年来高效液相色谱和色质联用技术在水产品安全检测中的应用进展。本文介绍了高效液相色谱和液质联用技术(LC-MS)的特点,及其在水产品中渔药、抗生素及赤潮藻毒素类有毒有害物质残留分析中的应用。     

改进QuEChERS/超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定当归中86种农药残留

建立了QuEChERS结合超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)法同时测定当归中86种农药残留,比较了9种不同的QuEChERS方法的净化效率和回收率,结果表明,无石墨化碳黑(NGCB)QuEChERS方法效果最佳.在依赖保留时间的多反应监测模式(MRM)下,采用UPLC-MS/MS对农药进行定量.86种农药...     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定蜂王浆中新型烟碱类药物及其代谢物残留量

采用QuEChERS净化-液相色谱-串联质谱法（QuEChERS-LC-MS/MS）测定蜂王浆中新型烟碱类药物吡蚜酮、呋虫胺、烯啶虫胺、噻虫嗪、氟啶虫酰胺及代谢物4-（三氟甲基）烟酰胺、吡虫啉、噻虫胺、氯噻啉、啶虫脒及代谢物N-去甲基啶虫脒和噻虫啉的残留量。样品经水稀释,甲醇沉淀蛋白并提取,以N-丙基乙二胺（PSA）、C18和无水硫酸镁作为分散剂进行QuEChERS净化,采用液相色谱-串联质谱法进行检测（电喷雾离子源,正离子模式,多反应监测模式）,以同位素内标法和外标法进行定量分析。结果表明,该方法定量限以S/N=10计,吡呀酮、呋虫胺为2.5 μg/kg,烯啶虫胺、氯噻啉、啶虫脒、噻虫啉为5.0 μg/kg,噻虫嗪、氟啶虫酰胺、吡虫啉、噻虫胺、4-（三氟甲基）烟酰胺、N-去甲基啶虫脒为12.5 μg/kg。线性相关系数大于0.996。对空白蜂王浆进行添加回收实验,回收率为81.2%~119%;相对标准偏差为1.7%~12.2%。该方法简便、快捷,定量限能够满足目前国内外最大残留限量的要求,可作为蜂王浆中新型烟碱类药物及其代谢物残留量的测定方法。     

水相中酒石酸铀酰形态的电喷雾串联质谱研究

铀的水溶液化学形态是高放废物处置研究的重要内容之一。本实验采用电喷雾串联质谱（ESI-MS/MS）研究酒石酸-硝酸铀酰水溶液中铀酰形态,共分析出14种酒石酸铀酰和5种无机铀酰形态。每个铀酰基团可紧密结合1个酒石酸阴离子,并继续以较弱的形式络合1~2个酒石酸分子。实验中还发现了［(UO₂HTarH₂Tar)₂］²⁺、［(UO₂)₃Tar(HTar)₂(H₂Tar)₂］²⁺等酒石酸铀酰团簇形态。酒石酸铀酰形态中各络合键解离所需能量大小顺序为：铀酰间结合键＞酒石酸阴离子-铀酰结合键＞酒石酸分子-铀酰结合键。该研究对实际条件下铀与有机酸的水溶液形态研究具有指导意义。