三维流固耦合瞬态温度场有限元程序

本文提出了流固耦合温度场的有限元法,并用于湿式离合器摩擦片的温度场计算。其主要优点是将流体和摩擦片作为一个整件来求解它们的温度场。另外,由于利用具有特殊加权函数的Petrov-Galerkin法进行有限元离散,使能量方程能进行迭代解。     

The multidimensional structure of perfectionism in clinically distressed and college student samples.

Confirmatory factor analysis was used to evaluate 2 multidimensional measures of perfectionism (R. 0 Frost, P. Marten, C. Lahart, & R. Rosenblate, 1990; P. L. Hewitt & G. L. Flett, 1991). On a first-order level, support was found for Hewitt and Flett's (1991) original 3-factor conceptualization of perfectionism, although only for an empirically derived 15-item subset. Support was also obtained for 5 of the 6 dimensions proposed by R. O. Frost et al. (1990), but the model only displayed good fit when a refined scale containing 22 of the original 35 items was used. A second-order analysis found evidence for 2 higher-order factors of adaptive and maladaptive perfectionism. Perfectionism dimensions correlated in expected directions with personality domains, symptom distress, and academic achievement. The brief measures of perfectionism also retained the construct-related validity displayed by the full-item versions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

塑炼1,2-聚丁二烯的无扰尺寸

利用测得(?)和[η]数据,由Stockmayer-Fixman-Burchard、Stockmayer-Kurata-Roig和Inagaki-Suzuki-Kurata方程外推,估算了塑炼过程中不同1,2-链节含量的1,2-聚丁二烯(1,2-PB)的无扰尺寸变化规律。1,2-链节含量分别为40％和87.2％时,随薄通次数的增加,无扰尺寸降低;但前者薄通50次后变化很小,后者薄通100次后仍有波动。1,2-链节含量为87.2％的1,2-PB,薄通后放置30d,其无扰尺寸随薄通次数的增加而降低的程度,均大于当日测定的结果。     

Fractal Dimensions of Simulated and Real Fat Crystal Networks in 3D Space

The microstructure of fat crystal networks is closely related to rheological properties of fat products, and thus is of particular interest to food scientists. The fractal dimensions of fat crystal networks calculated by microscopy methods such as box-counting, D _b, particle-counting, D _f, and mass fractal dimension, D _m, have been extensively employed to quantify the microstructure of fats. This work revealed the microstructural basis of D _b, D _f, and D _m in 3D space through both computer simulation and experiments on the high melting fraction of milk fat crystal networks. Similar to our previous simulation study on the fractal dimensions of fat crystal networks in 2D space, D _b is sensitive to crystal size, area fraction, and not sensitive to distribution orderliness of crystals, which is the percentage of evenly distributed fat crystals within the simulated fat crystal networks. D _f and D _m were not affected by any of the microstructural factors studied in the simulation.     

低于(n-1)维的两个子空间的交空间求法

本文阐述了在ｎ维空间Ｅｎ（ｎ≥４）中求作均低于（ｎ－１）维的两个子空间的交空间的一般方法．     

曲线轨道空间振动响应特性研究

曲线轨道空间振动存在平面内振动、平面外弯扭耦合振动,通过建立曲线轨道空间振动频域解析模型,对曲线轨道动力响应特性进行研究。将曲线轨道视为圆形结构的一部分,利用圆形结构周期性的特性,在一个基本元之内求解曲线轨道的动力响应。通过引入移动谐振荷载作用下轨梁动力响应的频域数学模态,得出曲线轨道轨梁频域响应的级数表达。在频域内采用数学模态叠加法表示曲线轨梁的纵向、横向、垂向及扭转振动,进而求解得到基本元内轨梁的频域动力响应。经计算表明,文中提出的频域解析模型能够得到精确的曲线轨道频域响应。通过分析速度、半径、超高等因素,得到以下结论：准静态激励下单个移动轴荷载对曲线轨梁的垂向、横向及扭转振动的影响范围在作用点两侧±5m左右;轴荷载移动速度对曲线轨梁横向位移、扭转变形具有显著的影响,随着速度的增加,曲线轨道由过超高状态逐渐过渡到理想超高状态,最终进入欠超高状态,轨梁横向位移、扭转变形方向发生改变,响应幅值先减小后增加;半径、超高和速度对曲线轨梁垂向位移、横向位移及扭转变形影响较大;随着半径的增加,速度对位移响应的影响程度降低;准静态移动轴荷载列作用下曲线轨梁垂向、横向及扭转频域响应主要集中在40Hz以内的频段;横向振动、扭转振动频谱分布范围较宽。     

一种 MEMS 三维电场传感器抗电荷干扰方法研究

三维电场传感器具有广泛的应用需求。在传感器应用环境中存在空间电荷的条件下,带电粒子有可能在电场传感器表面产生电荷积累,对电场检测造成干扰,这是影响测量准确性的一个关键因素。尤其对于MEMS三维电场传感器,尚缺乏相关的机理研究和解决方案。针对这个问题,作者探究了表面电荷积累对传感器感应待测电场的影响,分析了电荷积累产生的干扰与传感器结构尺度的关系,并通过有限元仿真和实验验证了理论分析的正确性。在此基础上,提出一种通过对传感单元感应信号的差分解算消除传感器表面电荷积累对电场测量影响的方法。本文研制出抗电荷干扰的三维电场传感器样机。实验表明,在0～30 kV/m待测电场范围内,传感器测量误差在4.2%以内。     

轴流式水轮机模型飞逸过程三维湍流数值模拟

通过作者建立的非稳态过程三维湍流数值模拟方法,模拟了轴流式水轮机模型飞逸过程,并进行了其三维数值湍流计算,获得了机组到达最大转速时所需时间、最大飞逸转速值、飞逸过程内特性流场演变规律以及转速、流量、力矩与测点静压随时间变化的曲线。计算结果表明,所得最大飞逸转速与试验值非常接近,误差在1.5%以内;所得力矩及流量等外特性参数变化过程均符合高比转速水轮机理论特性;当转速增大到某一数值之后,尾水管水力稳定性急剧恶化是引起机组振动的主因。     

面向三维工序数模构建的特征标注方法研究

针对以三维工序数模开展工艺设计时尺寸标注工作量非常大的问题,提出了基于制造特征完成工序模型的自动标注的方法。首先,对零件MBD模型进行预处理,并对其尺寸标注信息进行提取;其次,基于零件MBD模型上特征的定位尺寸和工艺基准构建特征尺寸链,通过特征尺寸链换算求解工序尺寸,解决工艺设计中工艺基准与设计基准不重合的问题;然后,对其尺寸标注进行显示;最后,在UG平台下通过实例测试,验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

Monte Carlo gradient estimation in high dimensions

A Monte Carlo procedure to estimate efficiently the gradient of a generic function in high dimensions is presented. It is shown that, adopting an orthogonal linear transformation, it is possible to identify a new coordinate system where a relatively small subset of the variables causes most of the variation of the gradient. This property is exploited further in gradient‐based algorithms to reduce the computational effort for the gradient evaluation in higher dimensions. Working in this transformed space, only few function evaluations, i.e. considerably less than the dimensionality of the problem, are required. The procedure is simple and can be applied by any gradient‐based method. A number of different examples are presented to show the accuracy and the efficiency of the proposed approach and the applicability of this procedure for the optimization problem using well‐known gradient‐based optimization algorithms such as the descent gradient, quasi‐Newton methods and Sequential Quadratic Programming. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.