Do age of onset and course of illness define biologically distinct groups within atypical depression?

Illness course separates patients with atypical depression into tricyclic responders and nonresponders as does perceptual asymmetry. The authors therefore investigated whether the course-of-illness parameters would define groups within atypical depression differing in brain laterality. Patients with atypical depression were assessed for illness course and brain laterality. Two patient groups were defined, 1 with onset prior to age 20 plus a very chronic course, and a 2nd group having later onset or less chronic illness. Patients reporting early onset of very chronic dysphoria showed significantly less right-ear (left-hemisphere) accuracy and also differed in characteristic perceptual asymmetry when compared to patients with later onset or less chronicity. Course of illness may usefully define more homogeneous depressive subgroups within atypical depression. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Treatment of Head Pain With Psychotropics.

There are four general classes of primary headache: migrainous or vascular headache, muscle tension headache, cluster headache, and a miscellaneous class including posttraumatic headache and headache with toxic origin. This article provides an update on the pharmacological treatment of these classes of head pain. In sum, both the pathophysiology and management of migraine and tension headache remain frustratingly vague. Although antidepressants and mood stabilizers are widely used in clinical practice, results of carefully conducted trials reveal in general a more limited role. For acute, episodic attacks of migraine head pain, the triptans will generally yield the best results, but complete elimination of headache is uncommon. Chronic migraine sufferers may benefit from addition of a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) and possibly a mood stabilizer, although side effects and tolerability are issues. Patients with chronic tension headache may also benefit from an agent of one of these two classes. A comprehensive treatment plan addressing psychosocial stresses and other triggers is essential. Though depression is associated with head pain, effective control of depression with an antidepressant does not predict improvement in head pain. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy to prevent relapse in recurrent depression.

For people at risk of depressive relapse, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) has an additive benefit to usual care (H. F. Coelho, P. H. Canter, & E. Ernst, 2007). This study asked if, among patients with recurrent depression who are treated with antidepressant medication (ADM), MBCT is comparable to treatment with maintenance ADM (m-ADM) in (a) depressive relapse prevention, (b) key secondary outcomes, and (c) cost effectiveness. The study design was a parallel 2-group randomized controlled trial comparing those on m-ADM (N = 62) with those receiving MBCT plus support to taper/discontinue antidepressants (N = 61). Relapse/recurrence rates over 15-month follow-ups in MBCT were 47%, compared with 60% in the m-ADM group (hazard ratio = 0.63; 95% confidence interval: 0.39 to 1.04). MBCT was more effective than m-ADM in reducing residual depressive symptoms and psychiatric comorbidity and in improving quality of life in the physical and psychological domains. There was no difference in average annual cost between the 2 groups. Rates of ADM usage in the MBCT group was significantly reduced, and 46 patients (75%) completely discontinued their ADM. For patients treated with ADM, MBCT may provide an alternative approach for relapse prevention. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Biomarkers Assessment of Crude Oils and Extracts from Jurassic-Cretaceous Rocks,North Qattara Depression,North Western Desert,Egypt

Abstract

Crude oils together with extracts from the Middle Jurassic (Khatatba Formation), Barremian-Early Aptian Alam El Bueib Formation, and Early Albian Kharita Formation were collected from five wells (Ras Qattara-Zarif-5, Ras Qattara-Zarif-3, and Zarif-1, Zarif-2, SW Zarif-1) in the North Qattara Depression. Biomarkers (pristane/phytane, isoprenoids/n-alkanes, steranes, triterpanes, C₂₉ steranes 20S/20S + 20R, C₂₃ tricyclic/C₃₀ hopane, Ts/Tm, C₃₀ moretane/C₃₀ hopane ratios, homohopane and gammacerane indices) of the saturated hydrocarbon fraction were analyzed in order to assess the source and maturity of the crude oils and the extracts. The results suggested that the oils from Khatatba and Alam El Bueib formations are mature, derived from source rocks containing marine and terrestrial organic matter, respectively. The source environments and maturity of the oil from the Khatatba Formation is similar to that of the Khatatba source rock extract. The oil from the Alam El Bueib formation differs from the extracts of the Alam El Bueib and Kharita formations. The Khatatba formation seems to be an effective source rock in the North Qattara Depression.     

宁海县恒海·金湾小区规划设计

通过对宁海县"恒海·金湾"小区的设计分析,阐述了如何将高层公寓、单身公寓、集体宿舍及邻里中心等几种不同的功能合理的组织到同一用地中,形成比较合理的功能布局和建筑形式,为今后同类项目设计提供了借鉴和参考。     

Synthesis of New Tricyclic 1,2-Thiazine Derivatives with Anti-Inflammatory Activity

New, tricyclic compounds containing a sulfonyl moiety in their structure, as potential safer COX inhibitors, were designed and synthesized. New derivatives have three conjugated rings and a sulfonyl group. A third ring, i.e., an oxazine, oxazepine or oxazocin, has been added to the 1,2-benzothiazine skeleton. Their anti-COX-1/COX-2 and cytotoxic effects in vitro on NHDF cells, together with the ability to interact with model membranes and the influence on reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide, were studied. Additionally, a molecular docking study was performed to understand the binding interaction of the compounds with the active site of cyclooxygenases. For the abovementioned biological evaluation of new tricyclic 1,2-benzothiazine derivatives, the following techniques and procedures were employed: the differential scanning calorimetry, the COX colorimetric inhibitor screening assay, the MTT, DCF-DA and Griess assays. All of the compounds studied demonstrated preferential inhibition of COX-2 compared to COX-1. Moreover, all the examined tricyclic 1,2-thiazine derivatives interacted with the phospholipid model membranes. Finally, they neither have cytotoxic potency, nor demonstrate significant influence on the level of reactive oxygen species or nitric oxide. Overall, the tricyclic 1,2-thiazine derivatives are good starting points for future pharmacological tests as a group of new anti-inflammatory agents.     

三环醚系UNIFAC基团划分法及交互作用参数的改进

研究了ＵＮＩＦＡＣ基团贡献法中三外醚分子基团的划分法，用文献实测汽液平衡数据拟合出６对三环醚基的新的交互作用参数，并对采用此新交互作用参数进行讨论，用本文提出的基团划分法和交互作用参数，成功地推算出９个含三环醚体系的汽液平衡数据。     

稀有三环核苷衍生物与羟基自由基快速反应动力学及理论计算

运用脉冲辐解瞬态吸收光谱技术研究了稀有三环核苷衍生物N-4-去甲基-wyosine(dYt)与^*OH自由基快速反应的动力学。结合AM1及B3LYP/6-31G^**方法对^*OH进攻dYt各位置形成的可能加成产物进行结构优化及热力学能量计算，阐述了反应的自由基机理，预测了可能的自由基加成产物。     

Occurrences and distributions of normal alkanes and biological markers to detections of origin,environments, and maturation of crude oils in El Hamed oilfield,Gulf of Suez,Egypt

The gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses for crude oils from Kareem reservoir in the wells El Hamed-1, 3, and 5 are used to provide information on source organic matters input, depositional environment, and maturation level. Data include normal alkane and acyclic isoprenoids distribution, terpane, and sterane aliphatic biomarkers. Pristine/phytane (Pr/Ph), Pr/nC17, and Ph/nC18 ratios indicated mixed organic sources of organic matters (kerogen type II, III) dominantly (kerogen type III) with a less effect of biodegradation and mature stage of occurrence. The diasteranes/steranes ratio showed generally low ratios as in most marine carbonate sources, while algal-bacterial organic matter contribution for the oil samples suggested dependence on the predominance of C23 tricyclic terpane relative to the C19 tricyclic terpane, and the C25 tricyclic terpane greater than C24 tricyclic terpane. The gammacerane index indicated that a low-salinity environment of deposition for the initial organic matters existed in the analyzed samples.