Comparison of methods to determine the endogenous amino acid flow at the terminal ileum of the growing rat

The aim was to compare a recently developed peptide alimentation method and the protein-free and regression methods for determining endogenous ileal nitrogen (N) and amino acid excretion in the rat, and to apply the endogenous loss estimates to determine the true ileal digestibility of a meat and bone meal (MBM). Preliminary investigations determined the effect of the time of sampling of digesta after a meal (slaughter method) for rats given a protein-free or an enzymically hydrolysed casein (EHC) based diet, on ileal digesta and endogenous N excretion. There was a significant (P < 0.05) effect of the time of sampling on the amount of digesta collected and the endogenous N excretion for both the EHC and protein-free fed rats. The amount of digesta collected from the terminal 20 cm of ileum and the endogenous N excretion for both the EHC and protein-free fed rats were greatest and least variable at 3 h post-feeding. In the main study, endogenous ileal amino acid excretions were determined in the growing rat fed an EHC-based diet (n = 6) and with subsequent treatment of the digesta using ultrafiltration or in six rats given a protein-free diet or by extrapolation from data for 30 animals given five diets which contained graded levels of MBM as the sole protein source. For the EHC treatment, the ileal digesta precipitate plus retentate was used to determine the endogenous flows. The ultrafiltration step excludes unabsorbed dietary amino acids from the measure of endogenous loss. Chromic oxide was the reference marker in all diets. The endogenous N flows determined by the protein-free and regression methods were similar but both significantly (P < 0.01) lower than those for rats fed the EHC-based diet. The mean endogenous ileal N flows determined by the peptide alimentation method, the protein-free and regression approaches were 1866, 1103 and 1019 μg g^?1 freeze dry matter intake, respectively. The endogenous amino acid flows at the terminal ileum were lower when determined using the traditional protein-free or regression methods. The true ileal digestibility coefficients for MBM were considerably higher based on the EHC versus protein-free endogenous flows.     

散射参考光法制作真彩色全息图

本文提出了用散射参考光制作2D真彩色全息图的原理,按本原理制作的全息图比用散射物光法制作的图像清晰得多,并且使记录激光能量得到充分利用,特别适用于记录大幅面彩色全息图。     

如何读取24位真彩色位图信息

进行数字图像处理时首先要对所处理图像的文件格式有比较深刻的理解和认识,从而获取该图像存储文件的相关信息以达到获取像素点阵信息的主要目的.文章从如何实现获取24位真彩色位图信息的角度出发深入探讨了获取此种类型图像数据的方法及其实现,通过实际编程实现解决图像结构数据类型与编程语言基本数据类型不一致的矛盾,达到了获取24位真彩色位图信息的目的.     

真三维成像系统结构设计及GR空间模型分析

本文提出了一种基于下投影的真三维立体成像显示系统。讨论了一种基于空间和时间的三维模型体素构造的新方法——体素铸模法,并推导了四维局部状态空间模型Givone-Roessor,此模型利用状态矢量和输入矢量计算和表征体素变量,模型在某时刻计算的各变量只与相邻的体素或前一时刻有关,减少了计算量。系统机械结构简单轻便,成本低,功耗小;视场角大,除天顶点外,在整个x-y平面以上的半球空间均可成立体像;Givone-Roessor模型计算量小,便于微控制器实现,为真三维立体成像显示提供了一种新方法。     

保幅单程波叠前深度偏移中成像条件的对比分析

在波动方程炮域偏移中,成像条件的应用对于提供照明补偿和振幅恢复十分重要。尤其是对于波动方程保幅偏移,稳定的成像条件对于有效地恢复介质反射系数必不可少。通过对3界面水平层状模型和Marmousi模型试算,对比分析了各种成像条件,并依据成像结果对各种成像条件做出了评价。测试出最稳定的成像条件是基于平滑窗函数的,使用这种成像条件提高了成像的稳定性,明显改善了保幅效果,而且能够很好地压制偏移噪声。     

我国6种主要原油及其直馏馏分3种蒸馏曲线的关系

根据我国大庆、华北、胜利、孤岛、中原和克拉玛依６种主要原油及其馏分油３种蒸馏过程实测的６４组平衡闪蒸数据，实沸点蒸馏及馏程试验各２０９组实测数据，提出了适合６种油的３种蒸馏换算式２１个，及相应的６张算图，算式中除３个式子外，其余１８个算式绝对平均偏差均低于ＡＰＩ图表偏差。     

医学CAD系统中降低假阳性率的解决方案

如何提高乳腺癌计算机辅助诊断系统（CAD）中的灵敏度一直是众多学者研究的热点,特别是针对亚洲女性及年轻妇女的致密组织图像的检测。尽管之前已经提出了针对该类图像的解决方法,实验也表明,该方法可以提高系统的灵敏度（真阳性率TP）,但人们发现随着TP的提高也伴随了假阳性率（FP）的增长。所以,本文的研究目的是在前续研究的基础上,即保证CAD系统的灵敏度的同时尽可能地降低假阳性率。     

On the algebraic formulation of certain geometry statements and mechanical geometry theorem proving

In this paper we analyze the algebraic formulations of certain geometry statements appearing in recent literature related to mechanical geometry theorem proving and give several examples to show that one of these formulations can cause serious problems. We clarify a formulation which is essentially due to W. T. Wu and, in our opinion, is the most satisfactory.This author was supported by NSF Grants DCR-8503498 and CCR-8702108.     

粗粒土在平面应变条件下的强度特性研究

使用河海大学新型真三轴仪,对粗粒土分别进行σ₃ 保持不变的等σ₃平面应变试验和 b =0 （即常规三轴压缩）、 b =0.25 的等σ₃等b[b=(σ₂ -σ₃)/(σ₁ -σ₃)]试验,研究了粗粒土在平面应变条件下的应力路径、破坏时的中主应力系数、内摩擦角及破坏应力比的特点。试验结果表明,等 σ₃平面应变试验的应力路径介于 b =0 与 b =0.25 的等σ₃ 等b[b=(σ₂ -σ₃)/(σ₁ -σ₃)] 试验之间 ; 粗粒土在 平面应变条件下 破坏时的中主应力系数 b 介于 0.15 ～ 0.2 之间;粗粒土在平面应变条件下的内摩擦角比常 规三轴压缩条件下的大 5% ～ 7% ,而破坏应力比则比常规三轴压缩条件下的小 13% ～ 18% 。最后提出一个 由粗粒土常规三轴压缩试验测得的内摩擦角 φ _tc 求平面应变条件下的破坏应力比 M _fp 的计算公式 M _fp =2.3sin φ _tc ,可较好地模拟试验结果。     

控制吸力的非饱和土真三轴试验研究

基于西安理工大学的新型真三轴仪,在压力室底座与试样顶盖上分别安装高进气值陶土板与多孔板,从而增加孔隙气压力与孔隙水压力独立控制和量测装置,进而利用轴平移技术对基质吸力进行控制,并且新增水气控制面板和气动二联件对可控制吸力的真三轴仪进行了进一步完善。在此基础上初次尝试对重塑黄土进行了同时控制吸力(s=100 kPa)与净平均应力(p=300 kPa)为常数的真三轴固结排水剪切试验,分析了不同中主应力参数(b=0,0.25,0.5,0.75,1)条件下,各主应变(e_1,e_2,e_3)随偏应力(q)的变化情况;给出了重塑黄土在同时控制吸力与净平均应力路径下p平面上的破坏轨迹,并与Lade–Duncan强度破坏准则和Mohr–Coulomb强度破坏准则的预测破坏线进行了比较。