黑莓果汁饮料生产流程中关键点的控制

为了保证黑莓果汁饮料成品的品质,对黑莓花色苷的稳定性及黑莓果汁饮料生产中三个关键控制点的工艺参数进行研究。采用感官品评、正交实验、方差分析及成品于38℃保温实验7d等方法,结果显示:随着加热温度的升高和时间的延长,黑莓汁花色苷含量下降速率增大;pH为2~3时黑莓花色苷较稳定;柠檬酸对实验结果的影响最大;最优的调配方案为柠檬酸0.15%,果葡糖浆5%,白砂糖4%,果胶0.05%;采用118℃/10s UHT、灌装温度大于85℃的生产工艺能很好的保存黑莓果汁饮料的色、香、味。为黑莓果汁饮料的生产提供了一套可行的工艺参数。      

砂土强度和剪胀性的颗粒力学分析

基于广义塑性理论与临界状态概念,研究提出了一个统一三维砂土本构模型,通过一组参数实现了砂土由压缩至剪切过程中状态参量的统一表述。基于ABAQUS提供的用户自定义材料子程序UMAT接口,利用Fortran语言编程实现了该三维弹塑性本构关系模型在软件中的二次开发。分别利用Toyoura砂、Fuji River砂以及Tokachi砂的剪切试验数据与数值模拟结果进行对比,结果表明：提出的有限元计算模型可以有效反映加载过程中不同围压和砂土初始密度对应力-应变曲线的影响,能够准确描述密砂的剪胀特性与应变软化特性以及松砂的剪缩特性与应变硬化特性,从而更加真实地反映三维应力状态下土的变形和强度特性。研究成果进一步扩展了ABAQUS在岩土工程中的应用范围,能够为岩土工程领域的数值分析计算提供更加快捷的解决方案。     

低速高混合比水平气力输送临界速度

通过分析水平气力输送系统悬挂式电子称量装置的固体物料输送量记录曲线,判定了输送状态的稳定性.进而提出了中细颗粒(d_s ≤ 0.5mm)、高混合比(μ_s=30~150)、水平低速(u_g<15m/s)输送临界速度的经验关联式。     

铜氧化物超导体正常态禁带宽度的计算

介绍了1种近似计算氧化物禁带宽度的方法,并对高温超导铜氧化物进行了计算。结果表明,铜氧化物超导体的禁宽度E_g值大多集中在8.50~8.80eV之间。在同一体系的超导氧化物中,Cu-O层结构的变化,产生的结果是T_C随E_g的增加而减小,而在YBa₂Cu₃O_y中氧含量的变化导致T_C随E_g的增加而增加。超导体中正常态的E_g值与超导电性可能存在着相关关系。氧化物中平均电离能是决定其能隙E_g值的主要因素。     

非理想边界拱的面内失稳模式与屈曲荷载

该文研究了集中荷载作用下弹性扭转约束层合拱的非线性面内稳定,基于虚功原理建立了拱的微分平衡方程及屈曲平衡方程,追踪了拱的平衡路径,获得了屈曲临界荷载的解析表达,提出了修正长细比参数及柔度系数以表征拱的失稳模式,通过有限元模拟验证了解析结果的正确性,着重分析了铺层模式及边界条件对层合拱的屈曲及后屈曲的影响。研究结果表明：当长细比及柔度系数给定,层合拱的屈曲临界荷载随着开口角及修正长细比的增大而增大;铺层模式显著影响拱的屈曲临界荷载,随着90°铺层逐渐远离中面,拱的承载能力明显降低。     

Intralesional Infiltrations of Arteriosclerotic Tissue Cells-Free Filtrate Reproduce Vascular Pathology in Healthy Recipient Rats

Lower-extremity arterial disease is a major health problem with increasing prevalence, often leading to non-traumatic amputation, disability and mortality. The molecular mechanisms underpinning abnormal vascular wall remodeling are not fully understood. We hypothesized on the existence of a vascular tissue memory that may be transmitted through soluble signaling messengers, transferred from humans to healthy recipient animals, and consequently drive the recapitulation of arterial wall thickening and other vascular pathologies. We examined the effects of the intralesional infiltration for 6 days of arteriosclerotic popliteal artery-derived homogenates (100 µg of protein) into rats’ full-thickness wounds granulation tissue. Animals infiltrated with normal saline solution or healthy brachial arterial tissue homogenate obtained from traumatic amputation served as controls. The significant thickening of arteriolar walls was the constant outcome in two independent experiments for animals receiving arteriosclerotic tissue homogenates. This material induced other vascular morphological changes including an endothelial cell phenotypic reprogramming that mirrored the donor’s vascular histopathology. The immunohistochemical expression pattern of relevant vascular markers appeared to match between the human tissue and the corresponding recipient rats. These changes occurred within days of administration, and with no cross-species limitation. The identification of these “vascular disease drivers” may pave novel research avenues for atherosclerosis pathobiology.     

支承系统的刚度对转子动力特性的影响

转子的动力特性受到很多因素的影响,其中,支承系统的刚度是一个重要因素。通过在有限元分析软件ANSYS中建立某小型燃气轮机支承系统的三维有限元模型,分析了其静刚度和动刚度。以该燃气轮机的压气机转子为例,文中考察了支承系统的刚度对其临界转速和稳态不平衡响应的影响。计算结果表明,与仅考虑轴承的支承刚度相比,同时考虑支承系统刚度的情况下,压气机转子的第一阶临界转速下降了约54%,其第一级叶轮的稳态不平衡位移响应的峰值下降了56.9%。     

Transport properties of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a)

New equations for the thermal conductivity and the viscosity of R134a that are valid in a wide range of pressures and temperatures are presented. They were obtained through a theoretically based, critical evaluation of the available experimental data, which showed considerable inconsistencies between data sets, in particular in the vapor phase. In the critical region the observed enhancement in the thermal conductivity is well represented by a crossover model for the transport properties of fluids. Since thermodynamic properties enter into the calculation of the critical enhancement of the transport properties, a new fundamental equation for the critical region was developed also.Paper dedicated to Professor Joseph Kestin.     

Transport and Magnetic AC Losses in Ag/Tl-1223 Tape and the Effect of Mechanical Damage

In this paper we present the results of AC loss measurements on silver clad monocore tapes of Tl-1223 prepared by the powder-in-tube method. Losses arising from an external AC magnetic field are compared with those generated by AC transport currents (self-field losses). Critical current densities are derived from magnetic loss data and compared with those measured by the four point transport method. It was found that mechanically induced stresses (introduced by bending) only have a significant effect on the transport losses, via the critical current degradation. Such changes are not seen in measured magnetic losses, which are independent of mechanical stress, and remain unchanged, at least in the stress range used in our experiment.     

混合物临界温度的预测与关联

在用分子基元分数表示组成和关联混合物临界温度的基础上,进一步研究有机、无机和有机—无机混合物的临界温度估算方法,经208个物系1539个计算点验证,误差小于1.04％。