动词引出新支话题的语用功能研究

汉语是一种话题显著的语言。汉语篇章中,同一话题会多次延续,也可能发生话题转换。该文讨论一种话题转换现象: 原话题的说明中的某个成分成为新话题,但该新话题及其说明并不构成原话题的说明或原话题说明的一部分。这种话题可称为新支话题。该文对动词按照词汇语义进行分类,揭示动词将其宾语引出成为新支话题的能力所在。文章给出了《围城》中动词引出新支话题的全部实例的词汇语义分布统计。     

中国古代汉语中的饮食类动词及有关文化研究

饮食文化与饮食类动词的关系极为密切。通过对大量古代汉语中有关饮食的动词的分析。从若干动词的字形、古代用法的对照以及方言用例等角度入手,对它们所蕴含的古人生活的文化信息进行了较深入的挖掘。     

英语和德语情态动词对比研究

德语和英语都属于印欧语系日耳曼语族的西方日耳曼语分支,这种亲缘关系也决定了这两种语言在字母、语音词汇和语法等方面都有很大的相似性。而情态动词,以其特殊的功能和用法,可以有效地表达情态意义,促进人际沟通和交流。本文通过英语和德语情态动词用法的比较,区分两者的相同和不同之处,旨在促进学习和掌握情态动词的用法和功能,以期有助于德语情态动词的习得和人际关系的沟通。     

现代藏语动词的句法语义分类及相关语法句式

本文突破了传统藏文文法关于动词分类的简单描述,建立起以句法语义为纲要的动词类别和相关句法规则。本文区分了藏语12大类动词,各类动词都有不同论元数量和不同句法性质的要求。因此,动词的句法语义类别划分能够较细致和全面反映各种类型藏语句式的语法结构框架,包括句子的语序、词格标记和句法助词。动词的句法语义分类结果可以直接应用于藏语语法信息词典的构建,是藏语计算处理的重要基础。     

汉藏翻译系统中的动词处理研究

机器翻译系统中,语言技术是居于核心地位的;谓语是句子结构的核心,动词又是谓语的主要形式,因此翻译系统中的动词的处理至关重要。本文依据汉藏翻译系统的需要,通过汉藏实际语料的对比分析,进行了汉藏动词的特点比较,就动词的分类、动词的时态及动词作句子各种成分时其形态的变化规律进行了深入的讨论,并提出了处理策略,为有效地提高系统的翻译质量提供了有益的方法和思路。     

Sharing morphemes without sharing meaning: Production and comprehension of German verbs in the context of morphological relatives.

We investigated the impact of derived German verbs on the production and recognition of morphologically related simple verbs. In order to disentangle effects of morphological, semantic, and phonological relatedness, target verbs were combined (e.g., z?hlen – to count) with four context verbs: Two morphologically related context verbs that were either semantically transparent (verz?hlen – to miscount) or semantically opaque (erz?hlen – to tell), a semantically related (rechnen – to calculate) and a phonologically related (z?hmen – to tame) context verb. Morphologically related complex verbs reduced picture naming latencies as well as lexical decision latencies. Semantically related verbs did not show any reliable effects. In production, morphological facilitation was almost four times larger than phonological facilitation. In comprehension, pure form overlap produced inhibition. We argue that in German, production and comprehension processes operate on morphologically decomposed lexical form representations. Independent from semantic transparency, complex verbs are broken down into their morphemes during comprehension and are assembled during production. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)