The multi-arc ion plating technology was employed to prepare the molybdenum films with thickness of 3 μm on the AISI 1045 steel. The wear and scuffing tests were carried out on the ball-on-disc tester. AFM and SEM equipped with EDS were adopted to observe and analyze the morphologies and element compositions of surface,cross-section and worn scar of the Mo film. The phase structure was studied by XRD and the bonding strength between Mo film and substrate was measured by scratching tester. The tribological experiments show that the Mo film possesses a good wear-resistance and an excellent anti-scuffing property. The failure mechanism of Mo film under extreme condition is flaking off. 相似文献
This paper describes an investigation on the failure of a large leaded bronze bearing that supports a nine-ton roller of a
plastic calendering machine. At the end of the normal service life of a good bearing, which lasted for seven years, a new
bearing was installed. However the new one failed catastrophically within a few days, generating a huge amount of metallic
wear debris and causing pitting on the surface of the cast iron roller. Following the failure, samples were collected from
both good and failed bearings. The samples were analyzed chemically and their microstructures examined. Both samples were
subjected to accelerated wear tests in a laboratory type pin-on-disk apparatus. During the tests, the bearing materials acted
as pins, which were pressed against a rotating cast iron disk. The wear behaviors of both bearing materials were studied using
weight loss measurement. The worn surfaces of samples and the wear debris were examined by light optical microscope, scanning
electron microscope, and energy-dispersive x-ray microanalyzer. It was found that the laboratory pin-on-disk wear data correlated
well with the plant experience. It is suggested that the higher lead content (∼18%) of the good bearing compared with 7% lead
of the failed bearing helped to establish a protective transfer layer on the worn surface. This transfer layer reduced metal-to-metal
contact between the bearing and the roller and resulted in a lower wear rate. The lower lead content of the failed bearing
does not allow the establishment of a well-protected transfer layer and leads to rapid wear. 相似文献
The influence of microporous particulate carbon char on the mechanical, thermal, and tribological properties of wear-resistant
Al-13.5Si-2.5Mg alloy composites was studied. Large increases in surface area due to the formation of micropores in coconut
shell chars were achieved by high-temperature activation under CO2 gas flow. Activated char particles at 0.02 Vf were used to reinforce the alloy. The composites were fabricated via a double-compaction reaction sintering technique under
vacuum at a compaction pressure of 250 MPa and sintering temperature of 600 °C. At more than 35% burn-off of the carbon chars
at the temperature of activation, 915 °C, the total surface area remained virtually unaffected. The ultimate tensile strength
and hardness decreased by 23% and 6 %, respectively; with increasing surface area of the reinforcement from 123 to 821 m2g−1. The yield strength and the percentage of elongation decreased by a factor of 2 and 5, respectively. No significant change
in sliding wear rate was observed but the coefficient of friction increased by 13 % (0.61 to 0.69). The coefficient of linear
thermal expansion was reduced by 16 % (11.7 × 10−6 to 9.8 × 10−6 °C−1), and remained unaffected at more than 35 % burn-off. Energy-dispersive spectrometry of the particles of the activated chars
showed that oxides of potassium and copper coated the open surfaces. Failure at the matrix-char interface was observed, and
this was attributed to localized presence of oxides at the interfaces as identified by electron probe microanalysis. Poor
wetting of the oxides by magnesium at the sintering conditions resulted in formation of weak matrix-char interface bonds.
J.U. Ejiofor, formerly of the Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, The University of Alabama 相似文献
The useful life of a cutting tool and its operating conditions largely control the economics of the machining operations. Hence, it is imperative that the condition of the cutting tool, particularly some indication as to when it requires changing, to be monitored. The drilling operation is frequently used as a preliminary step for many operations like boring, reaming and tapping, however, the operation itself is complex and demanding.
Back propagation neural networks were used for detection of drill wear. The neural network consisted of three layers input, hidden and output. Drill size, feed, spindle speed, torque, machining time and thrust force are given as inputs to the ANN and the flank wear was estimated. Drilling experiments with 8 mm drill size were performed by changing the cutting speed and feed at two different levels. The number of neurons in the hidden layer were selected from 1, 2, 3, …, 20. The learning rate was selected as 0.01 and no smoothing factor was used. The estimated values of tool wear were obtained by statistical analysis and by various neural network structures. Comparative analysis has been done between statistical analysis, neural network structures and the actual values of tool wear obtained by experimentation. 相似文献
This paper is concerned with the existence and exponential stability of anti-periodic solutions of bidirectional associative memory (BAM) neural networks with multiple delays. Applying inequality techniques and Lyapunov method, Sufficient conditions which ensure the existence and exponential stability of anti-periodic solutions of the BAM neural networks are presented. Our results are new and supplement some previously known ones. 相似文献
The challenges of machining, particularly milling, glass fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites are their abrasiveness (which lead to excessive tool wear) and susceptible to workpiece damage when improper machining parameters are used. It is imperative that the condition of cutting tool being monitored during the machining process of GFRP composites so as to re-compensating the effect of tool wear on the machined components. Until recently, empirical data on tool wear monitoring of this material during end milling process is still limited in existing literature. Thus, this paper presents the development and evaluation of tool condition monitoring technique using measured machining force data and Adaptive Network-Based Fuzzy Inference Systems during end milling of the GFRP composites. The proposed modelling approaches employ two different data partitioning techniques in improving the predictability of machinability response. Results show that superior predictability of tool wear was observed when using feed force data for both data partitioning techniques. In particular, the ANFIS models were able to match the nonlinear relationship of tool wear and feed force highly effective compared to that of the simple power law of regression trend. This was confirmed through two statistical indices, namely r2 and root mean square error (RMSE), performed on training as well as checking datasets. 相似文献
The relative sliding motion of two elastic bodies in contact induces wear process and contact shape evolution. In the case of a punch sliding on a substrate the transient process tends to a steady state for which the fixed contact stress and strain distribution develops in the contact zone. This state usually corresponds to a minimum of the wear dissipation power. The optimality conditions of the wear dissipation functional provide the contact stress distribution and the wear rate compatible with the rigid body punch motion. The present paper is aimed to extend the previous analyses [1], [2], [3], [4], [5] of steady state conditions to cases of periodic sliding of punch, assuming cyclic steady state conditions for both mechanical and thermal fields. 相似文献