(K0.45Na0.55)0.98Li0.02Nb0.77Ta0.18Sb0.05O3-Co0.85Cu0.15Fe2O4复合陶瓷的磁电性能研究

以压电体(K0.45Na0.55)0.98Li0.02Nb0.77Ta0.18Sb0.05O3和压磁体Co0.85Cu0.15Fe2O4为原料,通过传统的固相反应法制备了(1-x)[(K0.45Na0.55)0.98Li0.02Nb0.77Ta0.18Sb0.05O3]-xCo0.85Cu0.15Fe2O4多铁性复合陶瓷,并使用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、压电测试仪、铁电测试仪和磁电耦合测试仪对物相、显微结构、压电、铁电、磁电耦合性能进行了分析。结果表明,复合陶瓷的相结构保持为(K0.45Na0.55)0.98Li0.02Nb0.77Ta0.18Sb0.05O3和Co0.85Cu0.15Fe2O4两种物相,但两者之间发生了轻微的化学反应。随着Co0.85Cu0.15Fe2O4压磁相含量的增加,复合陶瓷的压电系数从56pC/N减小到21pC/N,剩余极化强度略有降低。在压磁相含量为0.2时可获得4.3mV·cm-1·Oe-1的最佳磁电耦合系数。     

含纳米Co的新型PDC复合片性能试验研究

提出了用纳米钴代替微米钴作为粘结剂的PDC复合片制备新方法及配套的制备新工艺,并对新型PDC复合片的微观组织结构及性能进行了研究。微观分析结果表明,纳米钴较于微米钴更密实地填充在金刚石颗粒间,有效促进了金刚石颗粒间D-D键的形成,且添加纳米钴的金刚石层对金刚石颗粒的把持力更好,同时纳米钴在金刚石层中形态较小且分布均匀,这些均对提高复合片综合性能有积极作用。性能测试结果表明,相对于传统复合片,新型复合片抗冲击性能提高了1.13倍,其耐磨性和热稳定性也得到了一定的提高,这与微观分析的结论一致。研究成果不仅为提升复合片综合性能提供了新思路,也对实现钻井提速增效、提高PDC钻头使用寿命有重要意义。     

ZK60和ZK60-1.0Er镁合金热压缩变形和加工图

采用Gleeble-1500D热模拟试验机对ZK60和ZK60-1.0Er镁合金进行了热压缩实验,分析了合金在温度为160~420℃,应变速率为0.0001~1.0s-1条件下的流变应力变化特征。结果表明:两种镁合金在热压缩过程中的流变应力随变形温度的降低和应变速率的升高而增加,在流变应力达到峰值后随即进入稳态流变;稀土Er的加入使得平均变形激活能珚Q值由183kJ/mol降到153kJ/mol,应力指数n值由6提高到8;发生动态再结晶的临界应力σc值随变形温度升高和应变速率降低而降低,在420℃/1.0s-1高温高应变速率时,稀土Er的加入使得ZK60镁合金发生动态再结晶的临界应力值σc由76MPa降到50MPa。通过动态模型构建热加工图并结合金相组织观察可知:稀土Er的加入缩小了ZK60镁合金的热加工失稳区,增加了热加工安全区的功率耗散效率峰值η_(max),由35%增大到45%,促进了动态再结晶晶粒的形核,但抑制了再结晶晶粒的长大。     

ZIF‐8/ZIF‐67‐Derived Co‐Nx‐Embedded 1D Porous Carbon Nanofibers with Graphitic Carbon‐Encased Co Nanoparticles as an Efficient Bifunctional Electrocatalyst

Herein, an approach is reported for fabrication of Co‐N_x‐embedded 1D porous carbon nanofibers (CNFs) with graphitic carbon‐encased Co nanoparticles originated from metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), which is further explored as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for both oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Electrochemical results reveal that the electrocatalyst prepared by pyrolysis at 1000 °C (CoNC‐CNF‐1000) exhibits excellent catalytic activity toward ORR that favors the four‐electron ORR process and outstanding long‐term stability with 86% current retention after 40 000 s. Meanwhile, it also shows superior electrocatalytic activity toward OER, reaching a lower potential of 1.68 V at 10 mA cm^?2 and a potential gap of 0.88 V between the OER potential (at 10 mA cm^?2) and the ORR half‐wave potential. The ORR and OER performance of CoNC‐CNF‐1000 have outperformed commercial Pt/C and most nonprecious‐metal catalysts reported to date. The remarkable ORR and OER catalytic performance can be mainly attributable to the unique 1D structure, such as higher graphitization degree beneficial for electronic mobility, hierarchical porosity facilitating the mass transport, and highly dispersed CoN_xC active sites functionalized carbon framework. This strategy will shed light on the development of other MOF‐based carbon nanofibers for energy storage and electrochemical devices.     

In Situ Chelating Synthesis of Hierarchical LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 Polyhedron Assemblies with Ultralong Cycle Life for Li‐Ion Batteries

Layered lithium transition‐metal oxides, with large capacity and high discharge platform, are promising cathode materials for Li‐ion batteries. However, their high‐rate cycling stability still remains a large challenge. Herein, hierarchical LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ polyhedron assemblies are obtained through in situ chelation of transition metal ions (Ni²⁺, Co²⁺, and Mn²⁺) with amide groups uniformly distributed along the backbone of modified polyacrylonitrile chains to achieve intimate mixing at the atomic level. The assemblies exhibit outstanding electrochemical performances: superior rate capability, high volumetric energy density, and especially ultralong high‐rate cyclability, due to the superiority of unique hierarchical structures. The polyhedrons with exposed active crystal facets provide more channels for Li⁺ diffusion, and meso/macropores serve as access shortcuts for fast migration of electrolytes, Li⁺ and electrons. The strategy proposed in this work can be extended to fabricate other mixed transition metal‐based materials for advanced batteries.     

Rolling texture and its effect on tensile property of a near-α titanium alloy Ti60 plate

Rolling texture and its effect on tensile properties of Ti60 alloy plates were investigated in the present study. The plates wereβ-rolled at 1070℃ and(α+β)-rolled at 980℃, using uni-directionally rolling(UDR) and cross-directionally rolling(CDR) processes, respectively.β-rolled plates exhibited weak textures, which were attributed to the dispersive orientations of secondary α during the β→α phase transformation. Strong deformation textures formed in(α+β)-rolled plates as a result of slipping mechanisms: the strong T-type texture in UDR plate was related to {10 1 0}[11 2 0] slipping, while the B-type texture in CDR plate was relevant with {0001}[11 2 0] slip. Strong T-type textures led to anisotropic tensile properties. B-type textures would decrease such an anisotropy. The(α+β)-CDR process was found to be a candidate process for reducing anisotropy of Ti60 alloy plates.     

喷雾干燥法制备富锂正极材料及其电化学性能

用喷雾干燥法制备Li_1.2Mn_0.54Ni_0.13Co_0.13O₂富锂正极材料并表征其结构、形貌以及电化学性能,研究了烧结温度对材料电化学性能的影响。结果表明：这种正极材料具有良好的层状结构,一次颗粒粒径为100 nm左右且分布均匀,样品的首次放电比容量为220.2 mAh/g,库伦效率为72.5%,18个循环后容量保持率为96.8%。电化学阻抗和循环伏安特性的测试结果表明,这种正极材料具有良好的电化学性能。     

一种获取Q60校色卡扫描颜色值的方法

对扫描仪进行颜色校正实验时,经常需要计算Q60校色卡被扫描后的颜色值,但校色卡的扫描颜色值不太容易获取,因为校色卡的每个色块经扫描后都包含数千个像素点,每个像素的颜色值各不相同。提出一种利用BMP图像文件属性,在VC＋＋环境下,直接编程计算Q60校色卡每一色块的扫描颜色值的方法。实验结果证明,该方法所测得的数据可靠,且简单易行,因此具有较高的实用价值。     

一款模拟昆虫飞行方式的微小型扑翼机

设计了一款模拟昆虫飞行方式的微小型扑翼机,仿照蜻蜓的两翼,直升机式尾翼,以STC15F2K60S2为主控芯片,应用主流无线模块来完成实现遥控仿生扑翼机的设计与制作,经过实际测试能够满足飞行要求.