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11.
The satisfiability problem is a basic core NP-complete problem. In recent years, a lot of heuristic algorithms have been developed to solve this problem, and many experiments have evaluated and compared the performance of different heuristic algorithms. However, rigorous theoretical analysis and comparison are rare. This paper analyzes and compares the expected runtime of three basic heuristic algorithms: RandomWalk, (1+1) EA, and hybrid algorithm. The runtime analysis of these heuristic algorithms on two 2-SAT instances shows that the expected runtime of these heuristic algorithms can be exponential time or polynomial time. Furthermore, these heuristic algorithms have their own advantages and disadvantages in solving different SAT instances. It also demonstrates that the expected runtime upper bound of RandomWalk on arbitrary k-SAT (k?3) is O(n(k−1)), and presents a k-SAT instance that has Θ(n(k−1)) expected runtime bound. 相似文献
12.
13.
Fritz Schwarz 《Computing》2000,65(2):155-167
The largest group of Lie symmetries that a third-order ordinary differential equation (ode) may allow has seven parameters.
Equations sharing this property belong to a single equivalence class with a canonical representative v
′′′(u)=0. Due to this simple canonical form, any equation belonging to this equivalence class may be identified in terms of certain
constraints for its coefficients. Furthermore a set of equations for the transformation functions to canonical form may be
set up for which large classes of solutions may be determined algorithmically. Based on these steps a solution algorithm is described for any equation with this symmetry type which resembles a similar
scheme for second order equations with projective symmetry group.
Received March 9, 2000; revised June 8, 2000 相似文献
14.
Ana Gàl 《Computational Complexity》2001,10(4):277-296
We give a characterization of span program size by a
combinatorial-algebraic measure. The measure we consider is a generalization
of a measure on covers which has been used to prove lower
bounds on formula size and has also been studied with respect to communication
complexity.?In the monotone case our new methods yield lower bounds for
the monotone span program complexity of explicit Boolean functions in
n variables over arbitrary fields, improving the previous lower bounds
on monotone span program size. Our characterization of span program
size implies that any matrix with superpolynomial separation between
its rank and cover number can be used to obtain superpolynomial lower
bounds on monotone span program size. We also identify a property
of bipartite graphs that is suficient for constructing Boolean functions
with large monotone span program complexity.
Received: September 30, 2000. 相似文献
15.
16.
An NP-hard production–distribution problem for one product over a multi-period horizon is investigated. The aim is to minimize total cost taking production setups, inventory levels and distribution into account. An integer linear model is proposed as a compact problem specification but it cannot be solved to optimality for large instances. Instead of using a classical two-phase approach (production planning and then route construction for each day), metaheuristics that simultaneously tackle production and routing decisions are developed: a GRASP (greedy randomized adaptive search procedure) and two improved versions using either a reactive mechanism or a path-relinking process. These algorithms are evaluated on 90 randomly generated instances with 50, 100 and 200 customers and 20 periods. The results confirm the interest of integrating production and distribution decisions, compared to classical two-phase methods. Moreover, reaction and path-relinking give better results than the GRASP alone. 相似文献
17.
This paper presents a performance analysis of nonlinear periodically time-varying discrete controllers acting upon a linear time-invariant discrete plant. Time-invariant controllers are distinguished from strictly periodically time-varying controllers. For a given nonlinear periodic controller, a time-invariant controller is constructed. Necessary and sufficient conditions are given under which the time-invariant controller gives strictly better control performance than the time-invariant controller from which it was obtained, for the attenuation of lp exogenous disturbances and the robust stabilization of lp unstructured perturbations, for all p[1,∞]. 相似文献
18.
Richard Cleve 《Computational Complexity》1991,1(1):91-105
We show that, over an arbitrary ring, for any fixed >0, all balanced algebraic formulas of sizes are computed by algebraic straight-line programs that employ a constant number of registers and have lengthO (s
1+). In particular, in the special case where the ring isGF(2), we obtain a technique for simulating balanced Boolean formulas of sizes by bounded-width branching programs of lengthO(s
1+), for any fixed >0. This is an asymptotic improvement in efficiency over previous simulations in both the Boolean and algebraic settings. 相似文献
19.
从减小生产工况对凝析油计量的影响、提高计量精度出发,提出了一种集凝析油产量和含水率计量为一体的高精度计量方案,介绍了该自动计量系统测控电路及其软件的设计思路,现场运行与测试表明该自动计量系统原理正确、工作稳定、精度较高。 相似文献
20.