Sulfur deactivation and regeneration of Pt/BaO/Al2O3 and Pt/SrO/Al2O3 NO x storage catalysts

Transient experiments were performed to study sulfur deactivation and regeneration of Pt/BaO/Al₂O₃ and Pt/SrO/Al₂O₃ NO _x storage catalysts. It was found that the strontium-based catalysts are more easily regenerated than the barium-based catalysts and that a higher fraction of the NO _x storage sites are regenerated when H₂ is used in combination with CO₂ compared to H₂ only.     

Chemical Defense in the Plant Bug Lopidea robiniae (Uhler)

Secretions from the metathoracic glands (MTG) of the black locust bug, Lopidea robiniae (Uhler) (Heteroptera: Miridae) contained six major compounds, including (E)-2-hexenal, (E)-2-hexen-1-ol, (E)-2-octenal, (E)-2-octen-1-ol (E)-2-heptenal, and (Z)-3-octen-1-ol. Males and females did not differ significantly in the relative compositions of identified compounds. In feeding trials, six bird species [robin (Turdus migratorious), blue jay (Cyanocitta cristata), brown thrasher (Toxostoma rufum), killdeer (Charadrius vociferus), starling (Sturnus vulgaris), and house wren (Troglodytes aedon)] demonstrated feeding aversions towards L. robiniae, implying that black locust bugs are chemically defended. Bugs discharged the liquid contents of their MTG when attacked, thereby producing a strong and distinct odor. Some birds immediately ejected bugs out of their mouth after biting them, suggesting that the MTG secretion was a deterrent.     

Decadienoates: Sex Pheromone Components of Nettle Caterpillars Darna trima and D. bradleyi

This study was undertaken to identify sex pheromone components of nettle caterpillars Darna trima and Darna bradleyi (Lepidoptera: Limacodidae) whose larvae defoliate oil palm, Elaeis guineensis, in southeast Asia. Coupled gas chromatographic–electroantennographic detection (GCEAD) analyses of pheromone gland extracts revealed two antennally active compounds produced by female D. trima and two by female D. bradleyi. Molecular structures of these candidate pheromone components were identified by electron-impact and chemical-ionization mass spectrometry; retention-index calculations on DB-5, DB-23, and DB-210 columns; microanalytical treatments, as well as syntheses of "auxilliary" compounds that facilitated identification of the compounds. The compounds from D. trima were 2-methylbutyl (E)-7,9-decadienoate (A) and (E)-2-hexenyl (E)-7,9decadienoate (B); from D. bradleyi we identified methyl (E)-7,9-decadienoate (C), and isobutyl (E)-7,9-decadienoate (D). In field experiments in Malaysia, (S)-2-methylbutyl (E)-7,9-decadienoate (SA) in combination with B proved to be essential and synergistic pheromone components for attraction of male D. trima. (R)-2-Methylbutyl (E)-7,9-decadienoate (RA) had no behavioral activity. Compound D singly attracted male D. bradleyi, but addition of C to D at a 1 : 10 ratio significantly enhanced attractiveness of the bait. Synthetic pheromone blends were more effective trap baits than unmated female moths and could be developed for monitoring populations of D. trima and D. bradleyi in Asian oil palm plantations.     

D-23.5/131-143氮氢气循环压缩机气阀改造

D-23．5／131-143氮氢气循环压缩机是四川美丰化工股份有限公司德阳分公司新建200kt／a合成氨及300kt／a尿素工程的关键设备之一。该压缩机装机试运行时，电机电流过大，严重影响整个系统的正常运行。通过分析发现，该压缩机气阀通流面积过小，为此，从气阀结构型式、气流通道等方面对该压缩机气阀进行改造。改造后的气阀装机投用后，压缩机电机电流得到较大幅度下降且具有良好的可靠性。     

Energetic surface heterogeneity of nanocrystalline TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> films for dye-sensitized solar cells

Dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have been receiving significant attention because they have many advantages compared to conventional organic solar cells. It has been known that the photovoltaic characteristics of DSSC are highly dependent on the adsorption properties of dyes on TiO₂ films. To analyze the surface heterogeneity of TiO₂ surfaces, single-phase anatase nanocrystallite titanium films were prepared by sol-gel method using the hydrolysis reaction of titanium tetraisopropoxide under acidic condition and characterized by XRD, FE-SEM and BET analysis. The adsorption energy distribution functions were calculated by the generalized nonlinear regularization method. It was found that the shape and the intensity of the adsorption energy distribution curve determined were highly related with the physical properties (i.e., geometrical heterogeneity) and chemical characteristics (i.e., energetic heterogeneity) of nanocrystalline TiO₂ for DSSC.     

3，4─二氢─2H─吡喃─5─醛与脂肪二胺的反应研究

３，４－二氢－２Ｈ－吡喃－５－醛与脂肪二胺在水溶剂中，于低温下反应４８ｈ，得到Ｎ，Ｎ′－二（２－羟两基－３－氧代－１－丙烯基）二胺。产物经元素分析，ＩＲ，１ＨＮＭＲ和ＭＳ证实。     

基本圆构建简单图形几何变换的研究

随着科学技术的进步,计算机广泛应用到各个领域和行业,二维基本图形是计算机图形学表示复杂图形的基础,利用高效率的二维图形变换方法尤为重要。基于二维图形的基本变换规则提出新方法,对基本图形的平移变换、比例变换、旋转变换等做出改进,主要论述简单二维基本图形的变换,例如三角形、矩形和圆形,尽可能统一到＂基本圆＂中进行处理和变换。     

3—乙酰基—5—溴 酚酮的合成

2-乙酰基-7-甲氨基酮1与溴反应得2-乙酰基-7-甲氨基-4-溴酮2。2与氢氧化钠反应得3-乙酰基-5-溴酚酮3。化合物2和3是两种新化合物,其结构已经红外光谱、核磁共振谱及元素分析证实。     

光催化降解农药乐果的动力学研究

采用30W石英紫外杀菌灯作为光源，研究了乐果在二氧化钛悬浮体系中光催化降解反应的动力学。考察了乐果起始浓度、溶液pH值及温度对乐果光催化降解速率的影响，结果表明乐果光催化降解符合表观零级动力学规律。由于速率常数k与乐果起始浓度有关，表明乐果光催化降解反应不是一个简单的零级反应。     

Effects of decomposing rice straw on growth of and nitrogen fixation byRhizobium

Five phenolic compounds produced by decomposing rice straw and sterile extracts of decomposing rice straw in soil were very inhibitory to growth of three strains ofRhizobium. The effects were additive and in several instances synergistic. The phenolic compounds also reduced nodule numbers and hemoglobin content of the nodules in two bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) varieties. Extracts of decomposing rice straw in soil (same concentration as in the soil) significantly reduced N₂ fixation (acetylene reduction) in Bush Black Seeded beans. This may explain in part the great reduction in soybean yields in Taiwan following rice crops when the rice stubble is left in the field.