基于FVCOM的杭州湾三维泥沙数值模拟

应用FVCOM建立了三维潮流泥沙数学模型,根据实测水文资料,对杭州湾开展了三维潮流泥沙验证,结果基本满意.应用模型计算了杭州湾大潮期间涨落潮泥沙输运过程,通过平面、立面的泥沙分布特征,成功再现了杭州湾潮流泥沙的运动过程.尽管模拟精度达不到平面二维模型的水平,但为三维潮流泥沙模型在强潮河口湾的应用作了重要的探索,通过进一步完善模型参数及分析,模型可以应用于涉水建筑物对附近三维水沙影响的分析评估,可为强潮河口湾开发、水环境保护及生态建设等提供更加丰富的研究成果,具有广阔的应用前景.     

面向水环境改善的城市河网动态水环境容量

为掌握城市河网动态水环境容量变化规律,构建了基于“空-地-水”一体化模型体系的城市河网动态水环境容量计算模型,以粤港澳大湾区惠州市金山湖流域为研究区域,定量核算了2017年金山湖流域COD和TP动态水环境容量。结果表明,模型模拟的流量、COD和TP浓度率定、验证的相对误差均在14.04%以内;2017年,金山湖流域COD和TP水环境容量整体呈先增大后减小的趋势,受降雨影响显著,逐日容量变化范围分别为238.55~3 027.49 kg/d和3.73~58.02 kg/d;枯水期水环境容量较小且与降水量负相关;丰水期的大雨或暴雨时期水环境容量明显提升,中小雨时期COD容量与降水量负相关,TP反之;保障生态基流能明显改善容量不足的问题,全年动态生态流量保障对金山湖流域水质达标率提升效果明显。     

环渤中地区新近系控藏模式与高丰度油藏勘探实践

环渤中地区新构造运动强烈,新近系是主要的含油层系.新近系勘探早期集中于凸起区和陡坡带,而斜坡带和凹陷区由于缺乏油气运移条件的系统性研究导致其勘探成效较差.基于前人研究和钻井资料,从分析环渤中地区新近系油气运移路径出发,通过建立"汇聚脊-断层-圈闭(脊-断-圈)"三元控藏模式,明确了受潜山风化壳汇聚脊控制的深层油气的汇聚...     

Satellite-derived parameters for biological modelling in coastal waters: Illustration over the eastern continental shelf of the Bay of Biscay

In biological modelling of the coastal phytoplankton dynamics, the light attenuation coefficient is often expressed as a function of the concentrations of chlorophyll and mineral suspended particulate matter (SPM). In order to estimate the relationship between these parameters over the continental shelf of the northern Bay of Biscay, a set of in situ data has been gathered for the period 1998-2003 when SeaWiFS imagery is available. These data comprise surface measurements of the concentrations of total SPM, chlorophyll, and irradiance profiles from which is derived the attenuation coefficient of the photosynthetically available radiation, K_PAR. The performance of the IFREMER look-up table used to retrieve the chlorophyll concentration from the SeaWiFS radiance is evaluated on this new set of data. The quality of the estimated chlorophyll concentration is assessed from a comparison of the variograms of the in situ and satellite-derived chlorophyll concentrations. Once the chlorophyll concentration is determined, the non living SPM, which is defined as the SPM not related to the dead or alive endogenous phytoplankton, is estimated from the radiance at 555 nm by inverting a semi-analytic model. This method provides realistic estimations of concentrations of chlorophyll and SPM over the continental shelf all over the year. Finally, a relationship, based on non living SPM and chlorophyll, is proposed to estimate K_PAR on the continental shelf of the Bay of Biscay. The same formula is applied to non living SPM and chlorophyll concentrations, observed in situ or derived from SeaWiFS radiance.     

Surface Analysis of Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Response to Different Nutrient and Sediment Loads

Based on a set of Chesapeake Bay Estuarine Model (CBEM) scenarios, a three-dimensional response surface of a water quality index, such as chlorophyll concentration, versus a pair of loading constituents, e.g., nitrogen and phosphorus, is constructed. The responses of water quality, such as dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll, and water clarity, to nitrogen, phosphorus, and sediment loads are analyzed. From the response surface, a water quality response is estimated under loading conditions beyond that of a limited set of scenarios. Response surfaces may be used to determine the possible universe of nutrient and sediment load reductions needed to obtain a particular water quality standard and to examine the tradeoffs among nutrient and sediment load reductions that achieve the same water quality objective.     

论成藏动力学系统

在我国东部陆相盆地找油过程中,需要在含油气系统中以油气的运移和聚集的动力学系统和过程为核心,进一步划分出成藏动力学系统。文中作者论证了划分的必要性和可能性,划分原则及其动力学源泉;介绍了开放型、封闭型和半封闭型三种类型的成藏动力学系统.论述了成藏动力学系统中油气藏形成特征和分布规律。文章以渤海湾复式油气区多成藏动力学系统叠置的盆地为例,通过划分其不同的成藏动力学系统,具体分析各个系统油气形成、运移、分布的动力学过程,明确其油源对比特征,从而可以明确寻找不同动力学系统油气藏的目标和方向。该文还概略地提出了成藏动力学系统的研究方法,即综合运用地质、地震、测井资料以及各种测试方法获得的油源对比资料与盆地动态模拟相结合的方法,是研究复式油气区多成藏动力学系统的有效方法。     

渤海湾盆地深层潜山储集层中H2S成因及其地质意义

近年来深层潜山和潜山内幕成为渤海湾盆地油气勘探的重点层系之一。勘探过程中不断发现深层潜山碳酸盐岩中产出浓度较高的H2S气体。这种H2S气体是碳酸盐岩,地层中的硫酸盐与煤类物质发生热化学还原作用形成的。H2S浓度之所以较高,是封闭条件较好致使苯无法逸散,存在浓度较高的H2S气体,说明深层潜山碳酸盐岩内确实发生了显著的油气运移和聚集过程,具备了油气成藏的地质条件,同时表明目的层处于高温高压的封闭环境,有利于油气的保存,此外H2S的形成对碳酸盐岩储集层的发育也有一定贡献。图4表9。