"可燃核废物焚烧装置"的建立及试车

本文介绍了我国某核工厂“可燃核废物焚烧装置”的建立及试车情况,主要包括焚烧装置的工艺流程简介和系统冷热态试车及试运行结果。根据该厂可燃核废物性状,确定以固体废物热解焚烧为主,兼顾进行废油喷雾焚烧和废石墨固定床式焚烧及干湿法烟气净化相结合的工艺路线。非放模拟物料和实际放射性废物焚烧的冷热态试车及试运行结果表明：工艺方案可行、装置运行平稳、安全可靠,各项技术指标均达到合同书及国家有关焚烧及污染物排放控制标准的要求。     

Production of glass–ceramics from incinerator ash using lab-scale and pilot-scale thermal plasma systems

This research employed two thermal plasma melting systems and vitrification technology to treat incinerator ash. The melted slag was used for the production of glass–ceramics via powder sintering and heat treatment. When using the pilot-scale plasma molten system, the melt was rapidly quenched in water to yield glassy slag. The properties of quenched slag glass–ceramics were superior to that glass–ceramics produced by slowly cooling the slag with air. The glass–ceramics with the best physical/mechanical properties and chemical resistance was produced by heat treatment at 1150 °C for 2 h. Diopside and gehlenite were formed as the major crystalline phases. Glass–ceramics produced from incinerator ash demonstrate great potential for reutilization as non-porous or water permeable materials.     

放射性废物焚烧炉除尘效果的测定方法

本文介绍了放射性废物焚烧炉除尘效果的测定方法。文中叙述了烟气流速、流量的测定方法和等速采样技术,并给出了焚烧非放废物和模拟放射性废物时的除尘效率和排放烟气中放射性浓度。     

Design and operating experience for a fluidized bed incinerator to treat industrial hazardous scum and waste oils

The production of industrial hazardous wastes increases with population growth and industrial progress. Most industrial hazardous wastes are in the forms of sludge, scum or waste oil and have organic properties. The best way to treat those wastes is to burn them in a fluidized bed type incinerator. Because the properties of scum and waste oils are different from those of industrial sludges, the design and operation of such kinds of incinerators are also different from that for industrial sludges. This paper presents the design method and the operating experience for a fluidized bed incinerator to treat specifically industrial hazardous scum and waste oils.     

乙二醇焚烧炉工艺流程优化

随着工业生产的迅速发展,环境污染阻碍了工业生产的进一步发展。在现有的乙二醇焚烧炉控制工艺的基础上,经过分析提出用流量计控制阀门开度对焚烧炉控制工艺进行优化改造,使乙二醇废气在焚烧炉中充分燃烧,减少废气的排放。     

焚烧炉炉体腐蚀原因分析

焚烧炉是尾气热焚烧的重要场所,其主要作用是焚烧尾气中残存的S和H2S并完全转化为SO2,保证装置排放尾气符合大气环保要求.分析了焚烧炉炉体腐蚀的原因,并提出防护措施.     

生活垃圾焚烧渣制砖的试验研究

介绍了在焚烧后的生活垃圾渣中掺入一定比例的页岩生产烧结多孔砖的试验。通过试验找出生产烧结多孔砖的工艺参数 ,混料粒度应在 2mm以下 ,强力搅拌混合均匀 ,坯料成型水分 16% ,烧成温度 10 35～ 10 95℃ ;并对工业生产工艺提出了建议。     

Properties and microstructure of sintered incinerator bottom ash

The fraction of incinerator bottom ash with a particle size less than 8 mm produced at a commercial municipal solid waste incinerator was wet milled, dried, compacted and sintered at a range of temperatures to form ceramic materials. The effects of milled ash particle size distribution, powder compaction pressure and sintering temperature were investigated, and the materials formed characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermal analysis (TG/DTA). The main minerals present in the milled ash were quartz (SiO₂) and calcite (CaCO₃). Sintered densities of materials produced from ash milled to 95% less than 27 μm increased from 1.38 to 2.63 g/cm³ on increasing the sintering temperature from 1020 to 1080 °C. Firing above 1080 °C caused a rapid decrease in density and sample expansion. The principal crystalline phase present in the high-density material was diopside (CaMgSi₂O₆). This work shows that a significant fraction of incinerator bottom ash can be processed to form sintered materials with properties controlled by ash particle size distribution and sintering conditions.     

An adaptive fuzzy approach for the incineration temperature control process

There are many factors affecting the combustion process in incinerators; one of them is how to control the temperature of the incineration and reduce the emissions. In this work, a second-order model of the adaptive fuzzy control strategy is adopted to stabilize the combustion temperature and the results demonstrate that the adaptive control strategy with the adaptive factors is a good method to achieve the goal of incineration temperature control.     

Heat-transfer aspects of Stirling power generation using incinerator waste energy

The integration of a free-piston Stirling engine with linear alternator and an incinerator is able to effectively recover the waste energy and generate electrical power. In this study, a cycle-averaged heat transfer model is employed to investigate the performance of a free-piston Stirling engine installed on an incinerator. With the input of source and sink temperatures and other realistic heat transfer coefficients, the efficiency and the optimal power output are estimated, and the effect induced by internal and external irreversibilities is also evaluated. The proposed approach and modeling results presented in this study provide valuable information for engineers and designers to recover energy from small-scale incinerators.