城市垃圾焚烧技术和二噁英排放控制

文章介绍了各种城市垃圾焚烧技术和控制二噁英排放的方法,提供了焚烧炉设计应注意的技术问题和指导意见。     

Evaluation of controlled low strength materials containing industrial by-products

A controlled low strength material (CLSM) is a self-compacted, cementitious material used primarily as a backfill. It is also known as a flowable fill which is usually a mixture of fine aggregates, small amount of cement, fly ash, and water. To be classified as a CLSM, the mixture must have a compressive strength between 345 and 8400 kPa. This paper evaluates the potential use of cement by-pass dust, incinerator ash and copper slag as a CLSM. Mixtures were designed to produce a CLSM, with a low compressive strength (less than 1034 kPa), that can be excavated without using any mechanical equipment. Slump, unit weight and unconfined compressive strength tests were conducted on various mixtures. Cubical and cylindrical specimens were prepared and cured at room temperature and in sealed plastic bags. Results indicate that with a good mix design it is possible to produce a CLSM with good mechanical properties to meet design requirements. Mixing these materials with cement and sand produced better results than using them alone due to their low pozzolanic activity. Curing method and period can have considerable effects on the strength of a CLSM.     

A numerical simulation of hazardous waste destruction in a three-dimensional dump incinerator

A predictive model of carbon tetrachloride (CC1₄) incineration in a dump incinerator is described. An empirical model that incorporates the chemical kinetic aspects of CCl₄ destruction is developed to describe the flame inhibition characteristics of CC1₄, which is halogen compounds. Quantitative agreement is found between the predictions of the model and the measured values. Cavity hydrodynamics and flame structure studies are made in a dump incinerator proposed in this study. For the effective destruction of hazardous waste, the waste must injected in the recirculation region of high temperature with the condition of not disturbing the combustion cavity. The core flame has a significant impact on the structure of the recirculation region, in some cases completely changing the nature of the flow within the cavity. The dump incinerator has good characteristics for the destruction of hazardous waste. These characteristics should lead to a very compact device, one which is potentially transportable or usable in a dedicated manner by a small generator.     

放射性可燃废物焚烧炉

本文介绍了建于上海市的放射性可燃废物焚烧炉的装置、主要工艺技术参数以及非放废物和示踪放射性废物焚烧的试验情况,为焚烧法处理放射性可燃废物提供资料。     

HVOF热喷涂在焚烧炉用套管式电热偶感温头上的应用

通过对焚烧炉用套管式电热偶感温头的高温腐蚀、磨损情况等进行分析,采用了热喷涂技术对焚烧炉用套管式电热偶感温头进行防护的技术方案,并针对焚烧炉环境的特殊要求,对所喷涂的感温头工作层厚度、微观组织、使用时间等进行了检测和讨论。结果表明,采用热喷涂技术对焚烧炉用套管式电热偶感温头防护有效。     

1 MW循环流化床垃圾焚烧的试验研究

利用1 MW循环床垃圾焚烧大型热态试验装置进行了生活垃圾焚烧试验。试验中测量了绝热炉膛沿炉膛高度的温度分布和CO、NOx、SO2等气体成分的浓度分布。结果表明,焚烧垃圾时,炉膛的温度分布与燃煤时显著不同;相对于燃煤锅炉,垃圾焚烧炉需要更高的炉膛;垃圾焚烧的烟气成分中NOx较低,不经处理即能达标。可为循环床垃圾焚烧炉的设计和运行提供参考。     

Integration of a free-piston Stirling engine and a moving grate incinerator

The feasibility of recovering the waste heat from a small-scale incinerator (designed by Industrial Technology Research Institute) and generating electric power by a linear free-piston Stirling engine is investigated in this study. A heat-transfer model is used to simulate the integration system of the Stirling engine and the incinerator. In this model, the external irreversibility is modeled by the finite temperature difference and by the actual heat transfer area, while the internal irreversibility is considered by an internal heat leakage. At a fixed source temperature and a fixed sink temperature, the optimal engine performance can be obtained by the method of Lagrange multipliers.From the energy and mass balances for the interesting incinerator with the feeding rate at 16 t/d, there is enough otherwise wasted energy for powering the Stirling engine and generate more than 50 kW of electricity.     

垃圾焚烧炉脉冲吹灰器腐蚀失效的机理分析及防范措施

文中通过对一起垃圾焚烧炉脉冲吹灰器腐蚀失效事故的原因分析,阐明的脉冲吹灰器产生腐蚀的机理,提出了在应用此类吹灰器时应注意的相关问题以及相应的防范措施,有效的控制了锅炉尾部受热面的积灰,为锅炉安全稳定运行提供了很好的借鉴经验。