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41.
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Supervised learning methods(eg.PLS-DA,SVM,etc.) have been widely used with laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS) to classify materials;however,it may induce a low correct classification rate if a test sample type is not included in the training dataset.Unsupervised cluster analysis methods(hierarchical clustering analysis,K-means clustering analysis,and iterative self-organizing data analysis technique) are investigated in plastics classification based on the line intensities of LIBS emission in this paper.The results of hierarchical clustering analysis using four different similarity measuring methods(single linkage,complete linkage,unweighted pair-group average,and weighted pair-group average) are compared.In K-means clustering analysis,four kinds of choosing initial centers methods are applied in our case and their results are compared.The classification results of hierarchical clustering analysis,K-means clustering analysis,and ISODATA are analyzed.The experiment results demonstrated cluster analysis methods can be applied to plastics discrimination with LIBS.  相似文献   
42.
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The carbon content of bituminous coal samples was analyzed by laser-induced break?down spectroscopy. The 266 nm laser radiation was utilized for laser ablation and plasma gener?ation in air. The partial least square method and the dominant factor based PLS method were used to improve the measurement accuracy of the carbon content of coal. The results showed that the PLS model could achieve good measurement accuracy, and the dominant factor based PLS model could further improve the measurement accuracy. The coefficient of determination and the root-mean-square error of prediction of the PLS model were 0.97 and 2.19%, respectively; and those values for the dominant factor based PLS model were 0.99 and 1.51%, respectively. The results demonstrated that the 266 nm wavelength could accurately measure the carbon content of bituminous coal.  相似文献   
43.
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A newly developed approach for trace metal elements detection for aqueous samples analysis is presented in this paper. The idea of this approach is to improve ablation efficiency by transforming the liquid sample into a dense cloud of droplets using an ultrasonic nebulizer. The resulting droplets are then subjected to analysis by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). A purpose-built ultrasonic nebulizer assisted LIBS (UN-LIBS) system has been applied to the analysis of aqueous samples at trace levels of concentration. Experimental investigations of solution samples were carried out with various dissolved trace metal elements (Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Fe, Mg and Na) using this approach. The characteristics of UN-LIBS signal of the elements were investigated regarding the lifetime and S/B ratio and the calibration curves for trace metal elements analyses. The obtained LODs are comparable or much better than the LODS of the reported signal enhancement approaches when the laser pulse energy was as low as 30 mJ. The good linearity of calibration curves and the low LODs shows the potential ability of this method for metal elements analysis application. The density of the electrons was calculated by measuring the Stark width of the line of Hα. The possible mechanism of the LIBS signal enhancement of this approach was briefly discussed.  相似文献   
44.
    
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) influences the Chinese and global medical systems, with its quality essential to its effectiveness. The origin of TCM material impacts the quality of the same TCM materials. However, the existing origin classification methods of the same TCM materials from different places mainly have two disadvantages: slow processing speed and extensive experience. To address these issues, a fast and real-time technology, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), is introduced into our solution. We propose a TCM classification system that combines one-dimensional LIBS spectra with two-dimensional images. This dual-modality fusion approach represents a significant advancement in multi-view data analysis for TCM classification. As a case study, we focus on wolfberry and construct a new dataset comprising 10,800 pairs of LIBS spectrum and image data to fill the gap. To achieve superior multiple feature fusion, a two-stage fusion network (TFNet) in a coarse-to-fine way is proposed. In the first coarse fusion, the Depth Attention Fusion (DAF) module is applied to extract the key features of stacked spectrum and image. In the second fine fusion, the Line to Area (LTA) module entirely focuses on and highlights the critical spectral line features. Experimental accuracy is over 0.99 with less computation and parameters, indicating the high efficiency and accuracy of the proposed TFNet. Therefore, the classification system achieves exceptional accuracy and efficiency due to its simple sample preparation, real-time data collection and the high-accuracy lightweight network.  相似文献   
45.
郑奇  朱瑜  孙军 《激光与红外》2016,46(12):1473-1476
为了实现野外环境下的小型LIBS系统对激光光源宽温的要求,利用LD光谱温漂特性、MgO∶LN宽温电光开关、集成谐振腔以及激光放大技术,拓宽了激光器的温度适应范围,降低激光器的温控精度。最后利用KTP,BBO晶体对输出的1064 nm激光进行四倍频试验。试验结果表明:利用LD光谱温漂特性,可以增强激光器的温度适应性。  相似文献   
46.
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Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was used to decipher the unique multi-elemental characteristics of Juncus e?usus L. The spectral fingerprints of Juncus e?usus L. were established based on elemental microanalysis via LIBS. Microanalysis and multimode sam?pling methodologies were designed in this study. The relative standard deviation (RSD) approach was performed to optimize the multi-shot measurements. Taking advantage of the capability with no or minimal sample pre-treatment of LIBS, a thermodynamic chart of four elements (Mg, Ca, Ba, and Na) was created from twelve collection regions. The diagram of elemental distribution on a micro-scale was generated to explore the nature of Juncus e?usus L. by LIBS. The results demon?strated that LIBS is a promising technique for rapid elemental microanalysis of heterogeneous samples.  相似文献   
47.
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Toxic metals such as lead and chromium in aqueous solutions have been analyzed simultaneously by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS), in which the ordinary printing paper is used as a liquid absorber which was immerged into Pb(NO3)2and Cr(NO3)3aqueous solution to enrich the heavy metals. This method overcomes the drawbacks of splashing and low sensitivity in ordinary LIBS analysis of water, in which a laser beam is directly focused on a liquid surface. A good signal intensity and reproducibility has been demonstrated. The Pb 405.78 nm and Cr 427.48 nm spectral lines are used as the analytical lines. The variation of line intensity with immersion time was investigated. The calibration curve for quantitative measurement of Pb and Cr in water was established, and the detection limits are 0.033 mg/L and 0.026 mg/L respectively,which is about 2-3 orders of magnitude better than that in the ordinary LIBS analysis of heavy metal in solution.  相似文献   
48.
比较了产生于室温固态钢以及高温液态钢上激光诱导等离子体的特征、原子铁的激发温度以及电子密度。通过在386~400nm波长范围的中性铁原子发射谱线, 由波尔兹曼作图法确定了铁原子的激发温度。通过测量AlI394.4nm的谱线宽度, 估算了电子密度。对固体钢来说, 铁元素的激发温度从延迟时间为10μs时的10800K下降到延迟时间为80μs时的7300K。当延迟时间分别为10μs和70μs时, 产生于固态钢和液态钢上等离子体间的激发温度并没有显著差别。在铁元素和铝元素大部分的中性原子线中, 可以观察到液态钢的谱线宽度比固态钢的谱线宽度更窄。当激光脉冲的观察延迟时间均为10μs时, 产生于液态钢上等离子体的电子密度大约为(0.99±0.15)×1017/cm3, 这相当于产生在固态钢上等离子体电子密度的46%。  相似文献   
49.
陆茂荣 《煤质技术》2020,35(2):71-74
为了解决激光诱导击穿光谱技术(LIBS)的自吸收效应所导致的测量精度降低问题,将LIBS与偏最小二乘回归法(PLS)结合后建立分析模型以有效应用于煤炭灰分的检测.在传统的P LS模型基础上考虑谱线自吸收的影响,根据自吸收后的谱线强度与浓度之间的非线性关系,增加基于谱线强度的平方项并提出谱线自吸收效应的非线性P LS模型...  相似文献   
50.
搭建了一套激光击穿光谱(LIBS)实验系统, 采用Nd∶YAG脉冲激光器作为光源击穿烟气形成等离子体, 其发射光谱由中阶梯光栅光谱仪分光, 并由增强型电荷耦合器件(ICCD)进行光电探测。以煤燃烧产生的烟气和烟花爆竹燃烧产生的烟气等为对象, 获得了烟气多种重金属元素的激光击穿光谱。光谱图表明, 该技术能够同时检测烟气中的多种金属成分。以Pb元素为对象, 配置含Pb不同浓度的固体样品进行了定标实验, 结果表明, Pb谱线强度与其元素浓度成线性关系。  相似文献   
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