A continuous-time framework for least squares parameter estimation

This paper proposes a continuous-time framework for the least-squares parameter estimation method through evolution equations. Nonlinear systems in the standard state space representation that are linear in the unknown, constant parameters are investigated. Two estimators are studied. The first one consists of a linear evolution equation while the second one consists of an impulsive linear evolution equation. The paper discusses some theoretical aspects related to the proposed estimators: uniqueness of a solution and an attractive equilibrium point which solves for the unknown parameters. A deterministic framework for the estimation under noisy measurements is proposed using a Sobolev space with negative index to model the noise. The noise can be of large magnitude. Concrete signals issued from an electronic device are used to discuss numerical aspects.     

基于偏最小二乘法的咳嗽信号检測

咳嗽中包含丰富的病理信息,可以为临床诊断提供重要支持。自动咳嗽检测方法有助于提高检测结果的可靠性,并减少人为工作量。但在自然记录的语音信号中,非咳嗽信号的数量远多于咳嗽,语音流中咳嗽信号的自动检测是个典型的类别不均衡问题。针对该问题,提出一种基于偏最小二乘分类法的咳嗽信号检测模型APLSCX。利用非对称偏最小二乘分类器处理类别不均衡数据的能力,对归一化的特征向量进行特征抽取,同时基于低维数据的方差调整分类平面。实验结果显示,与LCM、SVM等主流模型相比,APLSCX兼顾了小类的召回率和精度指标,具有较高的检出率和较低的误警率,更适用于自然语流中咳嗽信号的检测。     

一种应用PCA的人脸图像集识别方法

提出一种适用于同类别的图像子集的类别判断方法。同类别的图像子集经过PCA主特征提取后,选择较大的p个特征值对应的线性无关的特征向量,组成特征矩阵,则同类别的图像子集可以转化成一个特征矩阵,图像子集与特征矩阵一一对应,进而整个图像库能够用矩阵集合来表示。定义一种矩阵间的距离及最小二乘距离,通过计算待测图像子集对应特征矩阵与图像库中不同类别对应特征矩阵之间的距离或最小二乘距离,判断待测试图像子集所属类别。     

A novel clock generation algorithm for system-on-chip based on least common multiple

Due to increase in the number of Intellectual Property (IP) cores, clock generation in current day System-on-Chips (SoCs) is facing a crisis. The conventional method of using a dedicated Phase Locked Loop (PLL) to generate the clock for each IP core is becoming inefficient in terms of power and cost. We propose an algorithm based on Least Common Multiple (LCM) to minimize the number of PLLs required to generate the clocks for the IP cores in a SoC. This is done by finding an Optimum Operating Frequency (OOF) for each IP core within 10% below the maximum operating frequency of the core. The OOF is chosen such that the LCM of the OOF of all the IP cores is minimized. Simulated annealing is used to find the LCM. This LCM is the crucial high frequency from which maximum number of clocks can be derived by clock dividers.     

EFFICIENT DESIGNS FOR NONLINEAR MODELING

In the modeling of physical systems, such as chemical reactions, nonlinear models in a set of unknown parameters are commonly developed. Using the method of least squares for model fitting the efficiency of the process is measured by the large sample variance of the parameter estimates. Designs which yield desirable properties in the linear case, such as factorial and central composite designs, are often utilized in the nonlinear model setting. In this paper a method for transforming these standard designs, yielding more efficient estimators, in the nonlinear model case is proposed. The procedure is demonstrated on a typical kinetic reaction model.     

基于溶液图像时序特征的元素组分含量动态监测系统

针对稀土萃取过程中组分含量难以实时监测以及现有组分含量检测方法耗时、耗内存的现状,设计了一种基于溶液图像时序特征的元素组分含量动态监测系统。首先使用图像采集装置获取萃取槽体溶液的时序图像,考虑萃取液颜色特性和单一颜色空间的不全面性,采用主成分分析（PCA）方法在HSI和YUV融合的颜色空间提取图像的时序特征,并结合生产指标构造基于鲸鱼优化算法（WOA）的最小二乘支持向量机（LSSVM）分类器来对工况状态进行判断。然后当工况处于非最佳状态时,在HSV颜色空间对图像提取颜色直方图和颜色矩特征,并开发以溶液图像间的混合特征差值的线性加权值为相似度度量的图像检索系统,从而获取组分含量值。最后进行镨/钕萃取槽体混合溶液测试,结果表明该系统能够实现元素组分含量的动态监测。     

装配生产线变位机构的设计与分析

研制的变位机构用于航天器装配生产线。从项目提出的变位机构定位精度要求出发,针对变位机构机械结构设计、零部件选型、精度标定等方面给出了详细的阐述与分析。针对变位机构机械结构提出并分析了变位机构的误差模型,在此基础上提出了精度标定的策略,为实现变位机构的高精度要求提供了理论基础,最后基于最小二乘法求解了模拟误差参数并验证了该精度标定策略的可行性,对变位机构在项目后续应用中精度的提高具有重要指导意义。     

基于可视化编程的轴类零件形位误差的数据处理

在万能工具显微镜上用光学分度头对典型轴类零件的形位误差如圆度误差、同轴度误差等进行测量时,采用最小二乘法对测量数据进行处理,所得结果具有较好的数值稳定性和较高的求解精度。     

模式识别方法研究影响转炉炼钢脱磷的因素

利用模式识别方法中的偏最小二乘法对转炉炼钢的磷分配比及主要影响因素进行了分析 ,用二维分类图给出了优化趋势 ,结果符合一般脱磷理论和实际 ,可以作为冶炼的参考。