Developing eco-friendly methods for purification of compounds derived from hydrogenated cardanol

The present work made a comparative study between two purification methods, column chromatography and recrystallization, for compounds derived from cardanol, a by-product of the cashew industry (Anacardium occidentale L.). The compounds were successfully synthesized and characterized, focusing our attention to results obtained in terms of yield, purity, generation of solid waste and amount of solvent used in each purification process. For all the synthesized compounds, the amount of solvent used was greatly reduced in the recrystallization process, with purities above 80%, when compared to chromatographic column, which still demands high amounts of eluent.     

Solvent and Extraction Conditions Control the Assayable Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activities of Seeds of Black Beans,Canola and Millet

The effects of extraction solvent and conditions on the total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of black beans, canola and foxtail millet were investigated. The antioxidant activity was assayed using 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity (DRSA) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). Four solvent systems, namely 70 % acetone, 80 % ethanol, 80 % methanol and a mixture of acetone/methanol/water (7:7:6, v/v/v) were used. The extraction methods adopted in this study included refluxing, homogenization, cold extraction and sonication. The TPC as measured using the Folin Ciocalteu's method were 12.35–28.39, 2.43–16.73, and 1.78–5.06 µmol catechin equivalents/g dry matter (dm) for canola, black beans and foxtail millet, respectively. Aqueous acetone afforded the highest TPC for black beans and canola. Within the same solvent system used, the TPC, DRSA and ORAC obtained from different extraction techniques differed for black beans, canola and foxtail millet. The results demonstrated that the solvent system as well as method influenced the extraction of phenolic compounds and their antioxidant activities, depending on the type of matrix in which phenolics were embedded.     

基于方差分析法的C-276合金脉冲电流自动化钨极气体保护电弧焊参数优化

优化C-276合金脉冲电流自动化钨极气体保护电弧焊参数有着重要的意义。采用田口方法,设计了拥有4个焊接参数(脉冲电流、基值电流、脉冲电流占空比和脉冲频率),3个水平等级,9组实验方案的正交实验,利用方差分析每个焊接参数的贡献百分比。实验结果表明,当脉冲电流、基值电流、脉冲电流占空比和脉冲频率分别为165 A、77 A、60%和5 Hz时,焊件具有最大的熔深。     

带有刷直流电机的家电产品骚扰功率应对策略

针对带有刷直流电机的家电产品因电机换向而引起电磁兼容项目骚扰功率测试不合格问题,分析了电机换向时火花的成因,指出了当前电子滤波理论设计在抑制骚扰功率时的局限性以及建立电机骚扰功率电路模型的复杂性。综合考虑了骚扰功率测试时遇到的多种场合下的频点和测试幅值超标情况,提出了相对应的控制策略,并对控制策略进行了理论分析。最后,通过实际试验给出了采用该策略后家电产品骚扰功率抑制的改善效果。研究结果表明,通过采用所提出的控制策略对家电产品设计人员快速、有针对性地改进电机电磁兼容设计、降低骚扰辐射具有指导作用。     

基于田口正交法的小计量称重配料系统优化设计

针对小计量称重配料过程中人工配料效率低、精度低的问题,对小计量称重配料系统的电磁振动供电电压、落料口高度和出料口大小方面进行了研究,提出了一种自动称重配料系统。通过称重配料实验平台,得出了电磁振动供电电压、落料口高度和出料口大小3个参数的实验数据,利用田口正交实验对称重系统的这三个参数进行了望目特性分析,获得了影响称重精度的因子贡献率以及因子间的交互作用。研究结果表明,田口正交实验法在材料颗粒较均匀的条件下可以优化称重配料系统参数,提高了计量准确度,为小计量称重配料系统的设计提供了参考依据。     

Structure and dielectric characteristics of continuous composition spread Ba1−xSrxTiO3 thin films by combinatorial pulsed laser deposition

Ba_1−xSr_xTiO₃ (0≤x≤1, BST-x) continuous composition spread thin films were grown on SrTiO₃ substrates buffered by La_0.9Sr_1.1NiO₄ (LSNO) electrodes using combinatorial pulsed laser deposition. The effects of Sr concentration on the structure and dielectric properties of the Au/BST-x/LSNO capacitors were investigated. X-ray diffraction patterns and reciprocal space maps revealed that both the in-plane and out-of-plane BST-x lattice parameters decreased with the increment of Sr content. Impedance measurements showed that the dielectric constant and tunability simultaneously changed with Sr concentration and reached the maximum at about x=0.5, which is comparable to that of BST-x individual thin films or bulks. Our results showed the large potential of combinatorial method in optimizing materials properties and even finding new materials.     

基于熵权法—灰色评价法的炼化低温热利用技术评估研究

将熵权法与灰色综合评价法相集成,形成了用于评价炼化低温热利用技术的新方法。该方法在低温热利用技术评价指标体系的基础上,利用熵权法获得指标权重,并通过求取灰色关联度建立了炼化低温热利用技术评价模型,减少了人为主观认识对评价结果的影响,使评价结果更加客观和具有指导性。通过实际案例,给出了该模型的计算流程及评价方法。     

基于NX CAM系统的复杂曲面数控铣削方法自动选择研究

为了有效解决复杂曲面数控加工规划困难、对用户的数控加工知识和经验要求高等问题,基于NX CAM软件设计出一套满足复杂曲面精加工需求的铣削方法决策系统,通过提炼出复杂曲面中与特定加工方法相关联的加工特征,合理选择加工复杂曲面的4种主要铣削方法深度轮廓铣、固定轴轮廓铣、混合铣、可变轴轮廓铣中的一种作为加工方法。利用NX Open C(UFUN)和NX Open C++结合的二次开发方式进行实例验证。结果表明：该系统能减少人机交互操作过程,降低对编程人员的技术要求,并在一定程度上减少了数控编程的时间。     

液压元件及回路系统检测方法

针对液压系统常见的故障现象,提出了几种排除液压系统故障的具体方法,并以河北工程大学计算机辅助测试为例,详细说明了液压系统在线检测的优势以及计算机在液压检测系统申的重要作用。