燃煤锅炉供热系统的模糊控制

介绍燃煤锅炉供热系统的自动化节能模糊控制方案,燃煤锅炉供热系统是一个大惯性的滞后系统,传统的单纯PID控制效果不理想,而基于工人熟练的经验和专家知识的模糊控制能够达到比较好的效果。系统中对控制参考量水温和炉膛负压这两个输入量模糊化处理,由控制规则推出输出模糊子集,再应用模糊推理合成规则得出PID的系数,PID控制器根据输出量来控制鼓风机、引风机、炉排电机和水泵的变频器。     

Thermal expansion of molybdenum in the range 1500–2800 K by a transient interferometric technique

The linear thermal expansion of molybdenum has been measured in the temperature range 1500–2800 K by means of a transient (subsecond) interferometric technique. The molybdenum selected for these measurements was the Standard Reference Material SRM 781 (a high-temperature enthalpy and heat capacity standard). The results are expressed by the relation where T is in K and l ₀ is the specimen length at 20°C. The maximum error in the reported values of thermal expansion is estimated to be about 1% at 2000 K and not more than 2% at 2800 K.Paper presented at the Ninth Symposium on Thermophysical Properties, June 24–27, 1985, Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A.     

汽车稳定杆组织与疲劳性能研究

对28Mn6钢制造的汽车稳定杆，分别采用整体感应加热-整体淬火、连续感应加热淬火两种不同工艺热处理，并进行了台架疲劳寿命试验。采用光镜分析了不同稳定杆的金相组织，用扫描电镜分析了早期疲劳断裂的稳定杆断口形貌。结果表明，获得细小的高韧性索氏体组织是保证良好疲劳寿命的关键，稳定杆喷丸表面质量、游离铁素体也是影响疲劳性能的重要因素。     

弧焊电源的焊接电流、负载持续率和发热试验

详细分析了弧焊电源不同负载持续率下的焊接电流折算关系、发热试验电源热时间常数的测定。对发热试验中容易被忽视、但会造成较大的系统误差的问题提出了注意点和相应的解决办法。     

碳含量对430不锈钢组织的影响

应用热模拟试验方法,分析了C含量分别为0.029%和0.100%的两种铁素体不锈钢SUS430在加热到1150-1250℃的组织变化。通过热模拟试验发现,碳含量较高的430H试样,在较低温度（1150℃）下加热时会进入两相区;而碳含量较低的430L试样即便在较高温度（1250℃）下加热时不会进入两相区,保持单相的铁素体组织。在碳含量控制较低的情况下,加热温度和保温时间对晶粒尺寸的影响都在正常范围之内,但保温时间不宜太长,模拟试验中以10 min为宜,可以根据能耗和效率以及后续加工的要求进行选择。     

升温率和应变率对30CrMnSi拉伸强度的影响

报道了硬度ＨＲＣ为２０和４０的两种３０ＣｒＭｎＳｉ材料在１００－９００℃的力学性能及升温率，应变率和热处理条件对抗拉强度，屈服强度的影响。在低温区，材料性能随温度的升高，呈现缓慢下降，其数值与常温相差不多，热处理状态对该区影响甚大，升温率有一定影响；在高温区，材料强度大大降低，其数值随温度变化不大，不同升温速率的影响及热处理状态影响消失；在中温区，材料性能随温度升高呈现快速下降趋势，热处理状态对材     

汽车半轴的热挤压成形工艺

介绍了汽车半轴的热挤压成形新工艺及模具设计要点.     

Performances of electrically heated microgroove vaporizers

An electrically heated microgroove vaporizer was proposed. The vaporizer mainly comprised an outer tube, an inner tube and an electrical heater cartridge. Microgrooves were fabricated on the external surface of the inner tube by micro-cutting method, which formed the flow passage for fluid between the external surface of the inner tube and the internal surface of the outer tube. Experiments related to the temperature rise response of water and the thermal conversion efficiency of vaporizer were done to estimate the influences of microgroove＇s direction, feed flow rate and input voltage on the performances of the vaporizer. The results indicate that the microgroove＇s direction dominates the vaporizer performance at a lower input voltage. The longitudinal microgroove vaporizer exhibits the best performances for the temperature rise response of water and thermal conversion efficiency of vaporizer. For a moderate input voltage, the microgroove＇s direction and the feed flow rate of water together govern the vaporizer performances. The input voltage becomes the key influencing factor when the vaporizer works at a high input voltage, resulting in the similar performances of longitudinal, oblique and latitudinal microgroove vaporizers.     

TiAl基合金在快速加热循环热处理过程中的结构失稳

观察了快速加热循环热处理过程中发生的4种结构失稳现象：形成二次层片组织、原始层片球化、晶界处非连续粗化、相界形核。通过比较连续加热与等温加热条件下的相转变开始线，探讨了连续加热与等温加热条件下结构失稳机制的异同。提出了快速加热循环热处理过程中避免结构失稳的途径：确保合金成分均匀，使各区域相变温度一致；使最高温度下的保温时间尽可能短。     

Accu—Roll轧管机组主减速机输出轴联轴器大过盈量装配

介绍了采用油温加热装配工艺,实现Accu-Roll轧管机组主减速机输出轴联轴器大过盈量装配。