变压吸附脱碳再生真空泵存在的问题及原因

从设计和制造两个方面分析了抽真空再生的PSA工艺中真空泵在抽吸速率匹配方面存在的问题及原因。变压吸附作为一种物理吸附脱碳工艺,节能减排效果明显,但也存在有效气体收率问题。如何保证收率更优化、工艺运行更平稳,需在今后的生产运行中不断总结、完善、优化和提高。     

变压吸附浓缩煤层气吸附剂的选择实验

测量了5种活性炭在298,308,318 K时对CH4和N2的平衡吸附量并绘出相应的吸附等温线。结合5种活性炭的特性参数以及其对CH4和N2的吸附量,分析了影响活性炭对CH4和N2的吸附量的因素。以Langmuir吸附方程关联实验数据,计算出5种活性炭在不同温度下对CH4和N2的分离因子。研究结果可为选择变压吸附浓缩煤层气的吸附剂提供参考。     

Performance assessment of concentrated solar power plants based on carbon and hydrogen fuel cells

In spite of the recent success on the implementation of Concentrating Solar Power (CSP), still this technology needs a substantial enhancement to achieve competitiveness. This paper provides thorough insight after previous analyses on an alternative concept for higher efficiency CSP systems based on the replacement of the power block by an electrochemical conversion system. Concentrating solar energy is herewith used to decompose methane into hydrogen and carbon, which are used in hydrogen and carbon fuel cells for electricity generation. This approach envisages modular, efficient and flexible generation plants. Dispatchability can be achieved by storing the solid carbon. Solar-to-electricity efficiency was calculated assuming thermodynamic equilibrium composition and experimental data available from literature, and compared with those of conventional power generation systems and commercial CSP plants. It is concluded that this new-generation CSP concept is potentially able to produce power more efficiently than the current state-of-the art solar thermal power plants.     

芳砜纶针刺非织造布耐酸性能研究

芳砜纶针刺非织造布经过硫酸溶液处理后,纤维断裂强度略有下降,纤维线密度减小;非织造布的尺寸稳定性很好,而其断裂强力却有明显增加。通过对针刺加固形式的纤维缠结模型的力学分析表明:芳砜纶经硫酸溶液处理后变细,在非织造布受拉伸时有助于增强纤维间的缠结并可以提高针刺缠结加固方式对纤维强度的利用率。     

RiskA事件树模型转换模块的研发

我国的核电行业大多采用国外商用PSA软件作为其概率安全分析工具,其中Risk Spectrum是国内目前应用最广泛的PSA软件。RiskA是FDS团队自主研发的具有完全自主知识产权的大型集成概率安全分析可靠性软件系统。为了保证核电站PSA事件树模型的可靠性,在深入分析Risk Spectrum、RiskA的事件树存储结构基础上,设计并开发了事件树模型识别模块,该模块能够实现Risk Spectrum事件树模型向RiskA事件树模型的自动转换。     

Simulation of integrated novel PSA/EHP/C process for high-pressure hydrogen recovery from Coke Oven Gas

This paper introduces a novel Coke Oven Gas (COG) hydrogen purification/compression system based on the technologies of Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) and Electrochemical Hydrogen Purification and Compression (EHP/C). As the EHP/C tolerates O₂, N₂ and CH₄ impurities, PSA can be utilized solely for CO and CO₂ removal (other COG impurities were not considered in this work). A relaxation of PSA hydrogen purity could significantly enhance its recovery rate. In this study, the suitability of traditional hydrogen PSA as part of the hybrid PSA/EHP/C approach was investigated. Aspen Adsorption and Matlab were used to model the PSA and EHP/C systems, respectively. The effect of adsorption pressure, purge-to-feed-ratio (P/F-ratio) and adsorption time within cycle on PSA performance is reported. This study found that breakthrough of non-detrimental components is typically accompanied with poisonous CO. Hence, the CO removal with traditional H₂-PSA resulted into high purity product. In a two-bed PSA, 36.3% of hydrogen was recovered at 99.9988% purity and 0.18 ppm CO. Subsequently, as a result, the EHP/C purification capability was merely utilized, but polished this hydrogen to >99.999% purity. Simultaneously, hydrogen was isothermally compressed to 20 MPa, consuming a marginal 2.42 kWh/kg. Compared to mechanical compression, this is 31.6% more energy efficient. Recovering hydrogen from by-product COG was found to save 0.5 kg CO₂/kg H₂ compared to hydrogen produced from natural gas. Conventional hydrogen PSA, utilizing 70% Activated Carbon and 30% Molecular Sieve 5A, was found not to be effective to target the removal of CO specifically. To increase synergy between PSA and EHP/C, the PSA requires adequate design and operation using appropriate adsorbents and cycle steps to target elimination of CO. An increased EHP/C catalyst tolerance for CO also contributes to higher flexibility.     

Pure hydrogen co-production by membrane technology in an IGCC power plant with carbon capture

The CO₂ capture in Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) plants causes a significant increase of the cost of electricity (COE) and thus determines high CO₂ mitigation cost (cost per ton of avoided CO₂ emissions). In this work the economic sustainability of the co-production of pure hydrogen in addition to the electricity production was assessed by detailed process simulations and a techno-economic analysis. To produce pure hydrogen a Water Gas Shift reactor and a Selexol^® process was combined with H₂ selective palladium membranes. This innovative process section was compared with the more conventional Pressure Swing Adsorption in order to produce amount of pure hydrogen up to 20% of the total hydrogen available in the syngas.Assuming for a base case a hydrogen selling price of 3 €/kg and a palladium membrane cost of 9200 €/m², a cost of electricity (COE) of 64 €/MWh and a mitigation cost of 20 €/ton_CO2 were obtained for 90% captured CO₂ and 10% hydrogen recovery. An increase of the hydrogen recovery up to 20% determines a reduction of the COE and of the mitigation cost to 50 €/MWh and 5 €/ton_CO2, respectively. A sensitivity analysis showed that even a 50% increase of cost of the membrane per unit surface could determine a COE increase of only about 10% and a maximum increase of the mitigation cost of further 5 €/ton_CO2.     

KLK3 in the Regulation of Angiogenesis—Tumorigenic or Not?

In this focused review, we address the role of the kallikrein-related peptidase 3 (KLK3), also known as prostate-specific antigen (PSA), in the regulation of angiogenesis. Early studies suggest that KLK3 is able to inhibit angiogenic processes, which is most likely dependent on its proteolytic activity. However, more recent evidence suggests that KLK3 may also have an opposite role, mediated by the ability of KLK3 to activate the (lymph)angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factors VEGF-C and VEGF-D, further discussed in the review.     

Miscibility and Probe Tack of Acrylic Pressure Sensitive Adhesives—Acrylic Copolymer/Tackifier Resin Systems

Miscibility between acrylic copolymers and tackifier resins are investigated in terms of phase diagrams, and the probe tack of the blends are measured as a function of both temperature and rate of separation in order to obtain the master curves. It is found that the probe tack of the pressure sensitive adhesives are closely related to the miscibility between the components. The master curves of the miscible blends shift along the X(rate)-axis according to the change of T_g of the bulk materials with a gradual variation of the peak heights. However, those of the immiscible blends will not shift along the X(rate)-axis, but the magnitude will decrease with increase of a dispersed phase.     

净化吸收塔并联PSA技术改造

中国石油辽河石化分公司10000 m3/h常规焦化干气蒸汽转化制氢装置在生产中仅能达到85%负荷,原因是净化吸收塔达不到设计,成为生产瓶颈.通过对原闲置的催化干气PSA提纯装置进行改造后与净化系统吸收塔并联,分流部分低变气,从而在保证吸收塔正常运行的情况下实现制氢装置提高生产负荷30%以上.