Reuse of carwash water with a cellulose acetate ultrafiltration membrane aided by flocculation and activated carbon treatments

A reuse system for carwash water with a cellulose acetate (CA), hollow-fiber-type ultrafiltration membrane with the aid of flocculation and activated carbon treatments was proposed. The multi-blended flocculating agent containing bentonite, Al₂(SO₄)₃, sodium alginic acid and a cationic polyacrylamide showed higher removals of COD and turbidity for carwash wastewater compared with Al₂(SO₄)₃ or a water-soluble polymer individually. The effect of pure water permeability of the membrane on permeation flux in pretreated carwash wastewater by this agent was examined using three kinds of CA membranes whose molecular weight cut-offs were 150,000 Dalton. Permeation flux showed a higher value in the case of the membrane with higher pure water permeability. Practical scale experiments with a membrane area of 32 m² and 48 m² were conducted under a membrane pressure of 20 kPa. When carwash wastewater was pretreated with 50 mg/L of this multi-blended flocculating agent, permeation flux through the CA membrane with pure water permeability of 0.78 m³/(m²/h) at 100 kPa showed 1.0 m³/(m²/d) for more than 6 months. The COD, BOD and extract by n-hexane values of reuse water were 3.7-15.7 mg/L, 2.5-14.0 mg/L and below 0.5 mg/L, respectively.     

Proton conducting acid-base mixed materials under water-free condition

In recent years, a lot of attentions have been paid for a development of water-free polymer electrolyte membranes fuel cells (PEMFC) at intermediate temperatures (above 100 °C) because of many technological advantages of higher temperature operation. However, the proton conductivity of conventional polymer membranes under water-free condition is usually very low and the polymeric membranes are not stable at higher temperatures. So, the development of non-hydrous proton conducting membrane under water-free condition has been a state of the art issue in the advanced PEMFC technology. In this study, non-hydrous protonic conducting material was prepared by the mixing of acidic surfactant of mono-dodecylphosphate (MDP) and organic base of benzimidazole (BnIm). The proton conductivity and thermal stability of MDP-BnIm mixed material increased with the mixing ratio of BnIm. Maximum proton conductivity of MDP-BnIm mixed material (BnIm mixing ratio of 200 wt.%. vs. MDP) was found to be 1×10⁻³ S cm⁻¹ at 150 °C under water-free condition.     

钯－银合金膜分离氢气的研究

采用厚为５０μｍ的Ｐｄ／Ａｇ（２３）合金膜进行了氢气渗透系数的测定和Ｈ＿２／Ｎ＿２混和气分离的研究，得出温度、压力、膜厚、进料气流量、膜的预处理和再活化及膜表面中毒等因素对氢气渗透的影响。分离Ｈ＿２／Ｎ＿２混和气可获得高纯氢气。     

含稀土合金活性阴极的研究

简明回顾了活性阴极的应用，介绍了用熔炼合金法制取含稀土合金阴极的电催化性能、抗反电流性能，指出了该种电极克服现行镀层电极寿命短的缺点，在氯碱工业及水电解工业中具有广阔的应用前景。     

Promotion of hydrogen permeation on metal-dispersed alumina membranes and its application to a membrane reactor for methane steam reforming

A mesoporous membrane for selective separation of hydrogen was prepared usingthe sol-gel method. Some metal salts such as RuCl₃, Pd(NH₃)₄Cl₂, RhCl₃,, and H ₂PtCl₆, were added to the boehmite sol and coated on a porous alumina substrate before firing at 500°C. It was foundthat the permeability of hydrogen and the separation factor for a hydrogen-nitrogen gaseous mixture of these metaldispersed membranes exceeded the limitations of the Knudsen diffusion mechanism. Although the gas permeation through a neat alumina membrane is governed by the Knudsen diffusion, the metals dispersed in alumina membranes were effective in promoting hydrogen permeation. These metaldispersed alumina membranes were also used in a membrane reactor for methane steam reforming at low temperature. In the temperature range of 300 to 500°C, the membrane reactor attained a methane conversion twice as high as the equilibrium value of the packed bed catalytic reactor system as a result of the selective removal of hydrogen from the reaction system.     

CJ91胶粘剂在螺旋振动光整机中的应用

螺旋振动光整机槽内壁的橡皮保护层由于老化及磨损等原因出现裂口甚至脱落现象，严重影响设备的使用寿命和闸把壳体的外观质量。通过分析和试验筛选出螺旋振动光整机的理想胶粘荆——CJ91胶粘剂并介绍了粘接修补工艺。     

膜技术在医药生产中的应用

通过膜过程分类及其分离机理的介绍,论述了膜技术在医药生产中的应用及膜分离系统选用应注意的问题。阐述了膜分离技术在医药生产中的重要性及未来的发展前景。     

毛细管膜生物反应器中加沸石对膜污染的影响

通过处理生活污水时毛细管膜污染状况的研究，考察了膜水通量随沸石投加量而变化的情况。在操作压力为0．025MPa，膜面流速为0．8m/s，p(MLSS)为3000mg／L的条件下，与不投加沸石直接处理生活污水相比，沸石的投加使膜水通量上升，总阻力下降；试验还探讨了沸石最佳投加量问题。结果表明，沸石的投加可改善膜面泥饼性质，提高水通量，是一种积极的膜污染防治手段。     

弹性聚四氟乙烯／聚氨酯复合薄膜性能的研究

在聚四氟乙烯树脂（PTFE）中加入热塑性弹性体聚氨酯（TPU），制备出了有弹性的微孔复合薄膜，有效地改进了唧双向拉伸薄膜受力后的回复性。在复合薄膜中，加入经偶联剂处理的纳米二氧化硅，有利于TPU在PTFE中的均匀分散，从而提高复合薄膜的弹性。随着TPU含量的增加薄膜回复性也提高，双向拉伸倍率的增大可以导致薄膜回复性能有所下降，SEM分析证明了在PTFE中加入TPU可以增大复合薄膜的微孔尺寸。     

钛合金流体软管组件的设计与工艺

高功率电子产品的散热需求越来越高,流体软管组件作为热量传输载体的必要部件,其轻量化、可靠性等性能越来越重要。文中提出了一种钛合金流体软管组件的设计方案,并系统研究了该软管组件的制备工艺,最后的可行性,为液冷散热的流体连接提供了一种有效的解决方案。