Effect of cell structure on oil absorption of highly oil absorptive polyurethane foam for on-site use

This article reports the effect of cell structure on oil absorption of highly oil-absorptive polyurethane foam (ON-PUR), which is suitable for on-site foaming. We have developed ON-PUR as an oil absorbing polyurethane foam using a very reactive recipe. ON-PUR was synthesized by mixing polyol, water, additives, and polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (P-MDI) using a high-pressure foaming machine. Density, airflow, oil absorption of this foam, and cell structure by microscopy were measured. From these results, it was found that the airflow of this foam increased by crushing, and the oil absorption of this foam increased sharply in a narrow airflow range (from 0.1 to 0.8 scfm). This increase is estimated to be due to the decrease of closed cell structures by crushing treatment. Furthermore, we constituted on-site foaming system in bench scale, which was expected to be applicable to on-site preparation of ON-PUR. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65: 179–186, 1997     

Cell distributions in and sound absorption characteristics of flexible polyurethane foams

In this article, the two-dimensional distributions of cells from the cross section of some flexible polyurethane foams were cleared, and the three-dimensional distributions of cells based on Saltykov's theory were estimated further. As a result, it was found that a mean of the two-dimensional distributions of cells was a good linear relation with a mean of the three-dimensional distributions of cells, and it was confirmed that cell structure of the foams which should have been analyzed in the three-dimensional distributions was evaluated by analysis of the two-dimensional distributions fully. It was also found that not only cell number but also cell distribution was necessary in the evaluation of flexible polyurethane foams, and cell diameter was closely related to the sound absorption coefficient in polyester-based flexible polyurethane foams. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65: 1395–1402, 1997     

稀薄燃气多孔介质燃烧二维火焰数值模拟

对稀薄低热值气体在多孔介质燃烧中的二维火焰温度分布进行了数值模拟。在一定工况参数下,考察了多孔介质二维火焰峰面和温度分布特性,以及火焰峰面传播过程。详细分析了当量比、燃气流速、及壁面热损失等工况参数对燃烧火焰和高温峰值的影响。结果表明,在火焰传播过程中,火焰峰面形状逐渐变化,导致高温区域分布逐渐改变;随着当量比增加,近壁面处的火焰峰面倾斜程度逐渐减少,火焰峰面逐渐向上游传播,火焰峰面形状由梯形分布逐渐转变成两侧向下倾斜的直线分布;燃气流速对火焰峰面形状和位置的影响与当量比相反;壁面热损失引起火焰峰面倾斜,对火焰位置影响较小。     

复合型导电高分子泡沫的研究进展

综述了以热固性高分子和热塑性高分子为基体的复合型导电泡沫的制备方法,主要包括化学发泡法、物理发泡法和导电填料浸渍泡沫法等。总结了复合型导电高分子泡沫对温度等外场的响应行为,并对材料的应用前景进行了展望。     

纳米SiO2反相泡沫法固化天然气技术研究

天然气水合物（NGH）是天然气与水在低温高压条件下形成的笼形物,亦称可燃冰。本文根据天然气水合物的生成机制,在实验室模拟天然气水合物的生成环境。实验主要通过将95％的水与5％的纳米SiO：制成泡沫,并在1．3℃条件下,将纯度为99．9999％的天然气充人到装有泡沫的密闭反应釜中,观察反应釜中压力的变化情况,并探究不同的充气压力对储气密度的影响。     

扩链剂在阻燃高回弹聚氨酯泡沫中的应用

分别采用三乙醇胺(TEOA)、二乙醇胺(DEOA)和甘油(GLY)三种扩链剂制备阻燃高回弹聚氨酯(FRHRPU)泡沫塑料.探讨了TEOA,DEOA,GLY对FRHRPU泡沫塑料反应活性、泡孔结构及制品力学性能的影响.结果表明:以DEOA为扩链剂制备的FRHRPU泡孔孔径为200.00 μm、氧指数为28.7％,工艺稳定性及力学性能优于其他两种扩链剂制备的FRHRPU.DEOA可广泛应用于FRHRPU泡沫塑料.     

小桐子油脂肪酸聚酯多元醇及聚氨酯泡沫的制备和性能

研究了脂肪酸环氧-开环-酯化三步反应制备聚酯多元醇,比较了3种不同碘值的脂肪酸原料制备的聚酯多元醇及其聚氨酯泡沫（PUF）性能。脂肪酸碘值越高多元醇的羟值也越高：1#、2#和3#聚酯多元醇羟值分别为：261.47 mgKOH/g、370.28 mgKOH/g和434.49 mgKOH/g。3种多元醇的相对分子量为600～2000。3种泡沫的压缩和弯曲性能与泡沫密度成正比。泡沫SEM分析显示：羟值较高的多元醇泡沫2#和3#泡沫孔结构较规则,以正五边形和正六边形居多;1#泡沫泡孔不规则,易变形。对3种泡沫的TG-DSC、DTG分析结果表明：3种泡沫的热分解温度都约为300 ℃,具有较好热稳定性。     

PhMI-St-AN耐热改性剂的合成及与PVC的共混发泡

采用悬浮共聚合法制备N-苯基马来酰亚胺-苯乙烯-丙烯腈(PhMI-St-AN)三元共聚物耐热改性剂,将其与聚氯乙烯(PVC)共混通过模压发泡制备了PVC/PhMI-St-AN泡沫塑料。借助傅里叶变换红外光谱、差示扫描量热分析等手段对PhMI-St-AN三元共聚物进行了表征,研究了共聚物组成对三元共聚物玻璃化转变温度(Tg)及其与PVC相容性的影响,考察了PVC/PhMI-St-AN泡沫塑料的热尺寸稳定性和吸水性。结果表明,PhMI-St-AN具有良好的耐热性能,其Tg随PhMI含量的增加而提高,PhMI-St-AN三元共聚物提高了PVC/PhMI-St-AN泡沫塑料的热尺寸稳定性,降低了吸水率。     

云母粉对聚丙烯微孔发泡行为和力学性能的影响

将云母粉加入到聚丙烯(PP)中,在二次开模条件下制备微孔发泡PP/云母粉复合材料,分析了不同含量的云母粉对微孔发泡复合材料发泡行为及力学性能的影响。结果表明,当云母粉质量分数为6%时微孔发泡复合材料的泡孔尺寸最小,泡孔密度最大;随着云母粉加入量的增大微孔发泡复合材料的缺口冲击强度略有降低,拉伸强度基本保持不变。     

个人清洁用品中低温下抗果冻效应的黏度调节剂

通过改变ULTRASOFT 505(羟丙基甲基纤维素/水辉石/异十三醇醚复合物)的不同配比,观察了其在不同温度条件下黏度的变化。与同类产品相比,ULTRASOFT 505具有良好的黏度调节性能和增稠效果。