玉米醇溶蛋白在香蕉保鲜中的应用

探讨了玉米醇溶蛋白薄膜对香蕉的保鲜效果。研究表明：玉米醇溶蛋白良好的保湿性 性可使香蕉在贮存过程中的损失下降且存期延长。最佳涂膜液配比为：甘油０．８ｍｌ，油酸０．６ｍｌ，虫胶０．６ｍｌ。     

不同热处理方式对青枣贮藏保鲜效果的影响研究

以西昌地区的青枣为试材,研究不同热处理方式对青枣贮藏保鲜效果的影响.结果表明：适宜条件的热水处理效果较好,其最佳条件为55℃处理10 min,30 d腐烂指数为8.61%,好果率为81.67%,可溶性固形物和酸含量分别为9.4%和4.06%,Vc含量为28.17 mg/100 g.     

Effect of the absence of lipoxygenase isoenzymes on the storage characteristics of rice grains

Three varieties of paddy rice with and three varieties without lipoxygenase (LOX) isoenzymes were stored at room temperature, in dark conditions for 42 months. Insect damage and viability were investigated during that time. Varieties without LOX-1,2 and their offspring were screened with a rapid method of estimating LOX isoenzymes, and subjected to an accelerated-ageing experiment. The results indicated that in varieties without LOX-1,2, after long storage, rice quality was normal, but for varieties with LOX-1,2, rice quality deteriorated. With increase of storage time, the germination rate of the seed of most varieties decreased greatly except for varieties without LOX-1,2 where there was almost no change in the germination rate. In varieties without LOX-1,2 and their offspring, after an accelerated ageing experiment the germination rate of some varieties changed slowly, but with others, the germination rate changed quickly. This indicated that a definitive factor, which influenced the life of seeds, may be the loss of LOX-1,2. During storage, there was also a significant difference in the degree of insect damage. In varieties without LOX-3 insect damage was lower, but in varieties with LOX-3 insect damage was higher. Therefore, the absence of LOX-3 may be very important in insect resistance in rice grain.     

纺织企业仓储管理信息系统的开发

基于对纺织企业仓储管理现状的研究，开发了纺织企业仓储管理信息系统，该系统分为基础设置、台帐管理、查询检索、统计报表、系统管理、帮助六个子系统，主要对库存物资数据库、基础信息代码数据库、台帐数据库等基础信息进行操作，不仅提高了仓储管理的效率和水平，而且有助于加强仓储财务核算，降低了库存资金。     

Changes of chemical composition and dough rheology in two fractions of sieve‐classified Polish spring wheat flour

The study of chemical composition and dough rheology changes in sieve‐classified two fractions (up to 60 and 60–240 μm particles) of wheat flour was the subject of this study. The straight grade flours were obtained by the milling of three Polish varieties of spring wheat, differing in ?? abbreviation? (PSI) values. The flours were separated with the use of a SZ‐1 laboratory sifter. The yield of fine fraction was in the range 50.0–55.7%. The obtained fractions were assayed for the content and composition of free lipids, gluten proteins, damaged starch, ash, water absorption and amylograph viscosity. Dough rheology (extrusion in OTMS cell, alveograph and farinograph tests) and baking trials were also performed. The content of free lipids, including the non‐polar and phospholipids was lower and the content of glycolipids was higher in fine flours. Those fractions were more rich in linoleic acid but the lower content of oleic and linolenic acids resulted in a higher oxidizability index of free lipids. Fine flours contained less ash and significantly more damaged starch. At the same time, they were characterized by a higher content of wet gluten, water absorption, amylograph viscosity and better dough parameters. This was reflected in the bread volume, which was higher by 6.3–10.7%. The influence of the changes in composition and the content of free lipids upon the rheology of the dough after the 90 days flour storage has not been defined unambiguously and requires further research.     

The effect of storage pressure on the mechanical properties of paddy grains

To investigate the effect of storage pressure and storage time on the mechanical properties of paddy grains, an experimental study was carried out to determine the mechanical properties of paddy grains compressed at minor axis orientation using the Texture Analyzer. The paddy grains were stored under different pressures and for different time. The results showed that as the storage pressure increased from 0 to 300 kPa, the rupture force of paddy grains stored for 60 days decreased from 81.58 to 73.78 N, the rupture energy from 8.10 to 6.27 mJ, the rupture strain from 0.1392 to 0.1168, the apparent contact modulus of elasticity from 171.32 to 57.68 MPa and the maximum contact stress from 40.84 to 19.11 MPa. All of the mechanical properties of the paddy grains exhibited a linear relationship with storage pressure. As for the paddy grains stored under the pressures of 77, 100, 139, 200 kPa, as the storage time increased from 0 to 60 days, the rupture force of the paddy grains decreased from 81.58 to 79.58 N, 81.58 to 79.12 N, 81.58 to 78.21 N and 81.58 to 76.96 N; the rupture energy decreased from 8.10 to 7.55 mJ, 8.10 to 7.35 mJ, 8.10 to 7.08 mJ and 8.10 to 6.85 mJ; the rupture strain decreased from 0.1392 to 0.1309, 0.1392 to 0.1283, 0.1392 to 0.1257 and 0.1392 to 0.1213. The apparent contact modulus of elasticity decreased from 171.32 to 135.97 MPa, 171.32 to 121.77 MPa, 171.32 to 110.59 MPa and 171.32 to 83.32 MPa; the maximum contact stress decreased from 41.16 to 35.00 MPa, 41.16 to 32.45 MPa, 41.16 to 30.32 MPa and 41.16 to 14.97 MPa, respectively. The results revealed that both storage pressure and storage time have a significant effect on the mechanical properties of paddy grains.     

Efficacy of methoprene for multi-year protection of stored wheat,brown rice,rough rice and corn

Hard red winter wheat, brown rice, rough rice, and corn were treated with the insect growth regulator (IGR) methoprene at rates of 1.25 and 2.5 ppm, held for 24 months at ambient conditions in buckets on the floor of a grain bin, and sampled every two months. Bioassays were done by exposing 10 mixed-sex adults of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), the lesser grain borer, and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), the red flour beetle, on wheat, R. dominica and Sitotroga cerealella (Oliver), the Angoumois grain moth, on brown rice and rough rice, and T. castaneum and S. cerealella on corn. Sample size for all commodities was about 80 g, and these samples were held for 3 months at 27°C-60% r.h. Both rates of the IGR completely suppressed adult progeny development of R. dominica with little resulting feeding damage, sample weight loss, or insect damaged kernels (IDK). Some adult progeny production of S. cerealella and resulting IDK occurred at both rates on rough rice, brown rice, and corn, but was far less than in untreated controls. There was little adult progeny production but some feeding damage caused by larval T. castaneum in the treated wheat and corn but again far less than in untreated control. Allowing continual exposure of parental adults on grains treated with an IGR, rather than exposing those parental adults for a short time period, may give more accurate evaluations of residual efficacy. Results show that methoprene used as a grain protectant will give residual control of stored product beetles for 24 months, but complete control of S. cerealella may require inclusion of a contact insecticide.     

Triple bag hermetic technology for controlling a bruchid (Spermophagus sp.) (Coleoptera,Chrysomelidae) in stored Hibiscus sabdariffa grain

We assessed the performance of hermetic triple layer Purdue Improved Crop Storage (PICS) bags for protecting Hibiscus sabdariffa grain against storage insects. The major storage pest in the grain was a bruchid, Spermophagus sp.. When we stored infested H. sabdariffa grain for six months in the woven polypropylene bags typically used by farmers, the Spermophagus population increased 33-fold over that initially present. The mean number of emergence holes per 100 seeds increased from 3.3 holes to 35.4 holes during this time period, while grain held for the same length of time in PICS bags experienced no increase in the numbers of holes. Grain weight loss in the woven control bags was 8.6% while no weight loss was observed in the PICS bags. Seed germination rates of grain held in woven bags for six months dropped significantly while germination of grain held in PICS bags did not change from the initial value. PICS bags can be used to safely store Hibiscus grain after harvest to protect against a major insect pest.     

Sensitization to Sitophilus granarius in selected suburban population of South Poland

Storage insects may cause occupational allergies in humans. The identification of the prevalence of IgE reactions were measured from protein fractions prepared from multiple life stage of granary weevil Sitophilus granarius [SG] is reported. Sera of 30 patients from a suburban population of Upper Silesia (South Poland) were tested for the presence of IgE antibodies to antigens from larvae, pupae and adults of both sexes of the beetle. To identify protein fractions containing potential allergens, proteins collected from four life stages of granary weevil were fractionated by SDS-PAGE and probed with anti-human, anti-IgE monoclonal antibodies. The proteins were fractionated by SDS PAGE and identified by Western blot. The patients’ antibodies against particular antigens were identified using anti-human anti-IgE monoclonal antibody. The conducted immunological analysis showed the existence of many protein fractions for each life stage of SG which give positive reactions with IgE antibodies. The largest number of allergenic potential fractions was shown in pupae (60 protein fractions) while the smallest amount was shown in larvae (44 protein fractions). Summarizing, the obtained results suggest the existence of many protein fractions with an allergenic potential multiple life stages of SG. This indicates that all developmental stages of SG may be a serious source of antigens and potential risk factors for the exposed persons.     

Cholesterol photosensitised oxidation of horse meat slices stored under different packaging films

The effect of the type of packaging film (transparent vs. light-protecting red film) was evaluated on the formation of cholesterol oxidation products (COPs) in refrigerated horse meat slices stored in retail conditions under light exposure for 8 h. In meat wrapped with a transparent film, COPs increased from 233 (control) to 317 μg/g of fat, whereas the red film delayed cholesterol oxidation and offered protection against COPs formation, since COPs decreased from 173 (control) to 139 μg/g of fat after 8 h of light exposure. In addition, light opened the epoxy ring and led to the formation of triol, which was actually absent at T_0. A proper packaging film may represent a useful strategy to retard oxidative degradation in a light-sensitive, high pigment- and fat-containing food, such as horse meat.