Some results on disturbance attenuation for Hamiltonian systems via direct discrete‐time design

The disturbance attenuation and robust disturbance attenuation problems for Hamiltonian systems in the discrete‐time setting are considered and some new results are presented. The new results are derived utilizing the recently presented dissipativity equality obtained by adding the dissipation rate function to the classical dissipativity inequality. A selection of the dissipation rate function yields new results. These results include a condition on the dissipation structure of the system to achieve the desired disturbance attenuation level and gives direct construction of optimal control laws for any desired disturbance attenuation level. The results remove the need to solve Hamilton–Jacobi–Isaacs inequalities. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

On ADRC for non-minimum phase systems: canonical form selection and stability conditions

Active disturbance rejection control (ADRC), as proposed by Prof. Jingqing Han, reduces first the plant dynamics to its canonical form, normally in the form of cascade integrators, for which the standard controller can be employed to meet the design specifications. This paper concerns with the selection of the canonical form for non-minimum phase systems. In particular, it is shown that, by employing the well known controllable canonical form, the uncertainties of such systems can be divided into two terms in the state space model, one in the control channel and the other in the output channel. The necessary and sufficient condition is obtained for the stability of the closed-loop system with the proposed canonical form and ADRC. Also, by showing the necessity of the detectability of the extended system as well as certain information of the systemˉs “zeros”, we present the fundamental guidelines of design ADRC for non-minimum phase uncertain systems.     

Active disturbance rejection control: between the formulation in time and the understanding in frequency

With the rapid deployments of the active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) as a bonafide industrial technology in the background, this paper summarizes some recent results in the analysis of linear ADRC and offers explanations in the frequency response language with which practicing engineers are familiar. Critical to this endeavor is the concept of bandwidth, which has been used in a more general sense. It is this concept that can serve as the link between the otherwise opaque state space formulation of the ADRC and the command design considerations and concerns shared by practicing engineers. The remarkable characteristics of a simple linear ADRC was first shown in the frequency domain, followed by the corresponding analysis in time domain, where the relationship between the tracking error and the ADRC bandwidth is established. It is shown that such insight is only possible by using the method of solving linear differential equations, instead of the more traditional techniques such as the Lyapunov methods, which tend to be more conservative and difficult to grasp by engineers. The insight obtained from such analysis is further demonstrated in the simulation validation.     

State and Output Feedback Certainty Equivalence M‐MRAC for Systems with Unmatched Uncertainties

The paper presents a certainty equivalence indirect adaptive control design method for parametric strict feedback nonlinear systems of any relative degree with unmatched uncertainties in state and output feedback settings. The approach is based on the parameter identification (estimation) model, which is completely separated from the control design and is capable of producing parameter estimates as fast as the computing power allows. It is shown that the system's input and output tracking errors can be systematically decreased by the proper choice of the design parameters.     

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON SEDIMENT RESUSPENSION IN TAIHU LAKE UNDER DIFFERENT HYDRODYNAMIC DISTURBANCES

Contaminants resuspension in sediments induced by wind-wave could influence the water quality in shallow lakes. Resuspension of surface sediments from the Zhushan Bay, Taihu Lake was simulated under different wind forcing by using a pneumatic annular flume in this study. Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV) was used to measure flow velocity at each wind speed, and the characteristics of sediment resuspension were studied with the layered sampling technology. The experimental results show that the flow velocity increases with wind speed obviously and 6m/s is a critical wind speed which affected hydrodynamic conditions significantly. The distribution of flow velocity and water depth is different from that in ordinary open channel. With the enhanced hydrodynamic factors, the Suspended Solids Concentration (SSC) in water increases accordingly, and the incipient velocity of sediment resuspension is about 0.21 m/s. Based on the analysis of wind speed and average SSC in water column, the quantitative relationship is obtained. The SSC of the bottom layer is higher than the content of surface layer under different hydrodynamic conditions, and there are similar distributions between SSC and flow velocity in different water layers.     

Second-order terminal sliding mode control for hypersonic vehicle in cruising flight with sliding mode disturbance observer

This paper focuses on the design of nonlinear robust controller and disturbance observer for the longitudinal dynamics of a hypersonic vehicle (HSV) in the presence of parameter uncertainties and external disturbances. First, by combining terminal sliding mode control (TSMC) and second-order sliding mode control (SOSMC) approach, the secondorder terminal sliding control (2TSMC) is proposed for the velocity and altitude tracking control of the HSV. The 2TSMC possesses the merits of both TSMC and SOSMC, which can provide fast convergence, continuous control law and hightracking precision. Then, in order to increase the robustness of the control system and improve the control performance, the sliding mode disturbance observer (SMDO) is presented. The closed-loop stability is analyzed using the Lyapunov technique. Finally, simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, as well as the improved overall performance over the conventional sliding mode control (SMC).     

大型观测有效载荷对空间站平衡姿态影响研究

空间站通常运行在力矩平衡姿态下。空间站上搭载大型天文观测有效载荷时,载荷运动会产生干扰力矩,对空间站平衡姿态会产生影响。针对搭载在空间站平台上的大型观测类有效载荷工作特点,建立了其运动补偿规律和扰动模型,将扰动引入空间站的平衡姿态动力学过程中,并进行了计算机仿真和分析。仿真结果表明,在设计的二次调节器和前馈控制器的作用下,转动有效载荷运动引起的姿态角、姿态角速率变化等控制在一定的范围内,且有效载荷的跟踪观测效果较稳定。     

有源电力滤波器的自抗扰控制研究

针对采用PI控制器控制有源电力滤波器时存在谐波或基波电流指令而无法实现无静差调节,且数字化后会进一步增大稳态误差,使有源电力滤波器的补偿性能降低的问题,提出一种有源电力滤波器的自抗扰控制策略。该策略利用自抗扰控制器的非线性跟踪-微分器和扩张状态观测器分别处理参考输入和输出,并选择适当的状态误差,实现了对滤波的自动、精确补偿。仿真和实验结果表明,有源电力滤波器采用自抗扰控制策略后具有很强的鲁棒性、稳定性和适应性,控制性能有较大改善。     

基于参数优化的永磁同步电动机直接转矩控制系统自抗扰控制器研究

针对基于PI控制器的永磁同步电动机直接转矩控制系统存在转矩波动大、易受负载变化影响的问题,设计了一种基于转速外环的自抗扰控制器,代替PI控制器以改善永磁同步电动机直接转矩控制系统的性能;采用粒子群优化算法对自抗扰控制器的相关参数进行了优化计算,改进了控制器的调节性能。仿真和实验结果表明,基于参数优化自抗扰控制器的永磁同步电动机直接转矩控制系统具有较高的抗负载扰动能力,更快的响应速度和良好的动、静态性能。     

知识的属性扰动规律的不等式关系

知识的属性扰动引起知识规律的变化,这些变化的规律称为扰动规律.利用单向S-粗集和单向S-粗集对偶,给出属性扰动的知识规律的上规律.下规律的概念,并对知识规律与属性扰动的知识规律进行了讨论,提出了属性扰动知识规律(上规律,下规律)的不等式定理.