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21.
在渣油悬浮床加氢分散型Mo催化剂前体的硫化过程中,采用X射线光电子能谱法(XPS)分析了催化剂表面的硫化状况,并对XPS谱图进行了拟合处理。结果表明,分散型Mo催化剂前体的硫化主要形成了四配位MoS2晶体。在100℃硫化条件下,分散型Mo催化剂前体硫化产物中,Mo4+约占全部Mo物种的81.62%(摩尔分数),表面Mo活性组分硫化率为68.94%,硫化产物中有效S含量为73.06%(摩尔分数);在300℃硫化条件下,产物中有效S含量为77.93%,表明在渣油悬浮床加氢工艺过程中,提高反应温度更有利于对分散型Mo催化剂前体的预硫化。 相似文献
22.
23.
The interaction of alkali metal with surfaces has been of great interest to the community of catalysis since alkali metal can play an important role as a promoter. On alkali-doped MoS2, such a promotion effect of alkali metal has been exemplified in the direct synthesis of linear alcohols from CO and H2, where the alkali-doping switches the catalyst selectivity from methanation to alcohol synthesis. This paper reviews recent high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy experiments that have provided direct
observation of electron transfer from alkali metals to a model single crystal MoS2 and the capture of the supra-valence electrons in the subsequent oxidation reactions. 相似文献
24.
The electrochemical behaviour of Cu-xZn alloys, as well as their constituent metals, in a borate buffer containing chloride ions in the molar range from 0.01 to 1 M are studied. Characteristics of these materials under anodic polarization are compared and the composition and morphology of the corrosion products formed in the course of polarization experiment are analysed by SEM and EDS. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical impedance measurements are used for characterization of the surface layers formed on Cu, Zn and Cu-40Zn alloy during 2-h immersion at Eoc in a borate buffer containing two different concentrations of chloride ions. New aspects of the behaviour of brass under Eoc condition are revealed. The improved corrosion resistance of brass in chloride media, if compared to zinc metal, is attributed to a Cu-rich layer formed by the selective dissolution of zinc. Based on the results, a structural model describing the improved corrosion resistance of Cu-40Zn alloy with respect to Zn metal is proposed. 相似文献
25.
A.K. PrasadP.I. Gouma D.J. Kubinski J.H. VisserR.E. Soltis P.J. Schmitz 《Thin solid films》2003,436(1):46-51
We report the gas-sensing properties of ion-beam sputter deposited MoO3 thin-films. The change in the DC conductivity was measured in dry N2 with 10% O2 in the presence of up to 490 ppm of NH3, NO, NO2, C3H6, CO and H2. At ∼440 °C the film was found to be very sensitive to NH3, with 490 ppm increasing the conductivity by approximately a factor of 70. This was approximately 17 times greater than the response to the other gases. The NH3 response was strongly affected by the accompanying levels of O2, NO2 and H2O. For example, changing the accompanying O2 levels from 1% to 20% decreased the NH3 response by approximately a factor of 20. Similarly, the presence of 100 ppm NO2 (in 10% O2) decreased the NH3 response by approximately a factor of three, and 1% water vapor decreased it by more than a factor of two. The NH3 response, however, was relatively unaffected by 100 ppm of accompanying NO, C3H6, CO or H2. XPS measurements show that the increased conductivity in the presence of NH3 was also accompanied by a partial reduction of the surface MoO3. We observed an increase in the resistance of the films after extended time at elevated temperatures. 相似文献
26.
The influence of alloying of Pt with 20 at.% of Ni, Co and Fe has been studied in the hydrogenation of 1,3 butadiene. Iron induces the more important modifications, with both higher activity and selectivity. The results are discussed in terms of the surface segregation, the local order in surface and the electronic properties measured by photoemission of core levels. 相似文献
27.
Necessity of XPS spectrum,deconvolution,disadvantages of the traditional Fast Fourier Tranderm decon-volution method(FFT),princtple,method and advantage ofMaximum Entropy Deconvolution Method (MEM) are de-scribed.Criteria for determing the number of data points sam-pled in MEM are the main point disccussed in the paper,someXPS deconvolution applications of our MEM software showthat the MEM makes XPS deconvolution much easier than thetraditional FFT method. 相似文献
28.
Activated nanostructured-carbon cloths with a high ratio of surface area to volume are used as electrode for capacitive deionization. The electrochemical properties on capacitive deionization for NaCl solution have been investigated to improve efficiency of capacitive deionization properties from aqueous solution, employing chemical surface-modification by etching in alkaline and acidic solution. The removal efficiency of inorganic salts of activated carbon cloths by chemical modification significantly increased. Specially the carbon cloth surface modified in HNO3 showed an effect of improvement in the CDI efficiency due to not only ion adsorption by an electric double layer, but also electron transfer by Faradaic reaction. 相似文献
29.
The surface of polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) nonwoven fabric was modified by He/O2 atmospheric pressure plasma treatment, varying plasma exposure time. The plasma treated PET surfaces have been analyzed to investigate the chemical nature and morphology of surface by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively. The change of wettability was measured depending on plasma exposure time. XPS results indicated the presence of oxygen‐based functional groups on the PET nonwoven fabric surface after plasma treatment and oxygen content increased as exposure time increased. The mean roughness increased after 30 s exposure and further increase in exposure to 60 s led to decrease of the roughness and then again increase. The root mean square roughness followed the similar trend to mean roughness. The average difference in height, Rz, increased after plasma exposure for 30 s, while it slightly decreased after 60 s exposure. Despite of redeposition, the Rz of 90 s exposed sample increased more than two times compared with those of 30 and 60 s exposed. Wettability increased progressively up to 10 times after 90 s exposure compared with the untreated. It is attributed to the increases of hydrophilicity and surface roughness. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 相似文献
30.
The XPS of bulk tungsten carbide, partially oxidized WC surfaces at 373 and 573 K as well as tungsten trioxide have been reported. Bulk WC has been prepared from WO3 as a starting material in a mixture of CH4 (20%) and H2 (80%) at 1150 K for 4 h, while partially oxidized WC surfaces were prepared by oxygen chemisorption on a clean WC surface at 200 K, then the temperatures were raised to 373 and 573 K respectively. The XPS of a freshly prepared WC reveals the presence of a small amount of WO3 on the surface and a slightly higher concentration in the bulk. The oxygen-exposed fresh WC surfaces and surfaces treated at temperatures higher than 373 K show the presence of WO3 in a considerable quantity depending on the length and the treatment temperature. Ar+ bombardment of this partially oxidized surface reduces WO3 to WO2 and W(0), while WC is partially reduced to W(0). Isomerization reactions of alkanes on oxygen-exposed WC surface occurs in reality on a composite surface structure containing WC, WO3, WO2 and elemental W(0). 相似文献