Mesoporous materials for water treatment processes

This paper presents results for the application of M41S materials as alternative adsorbents and as potential catalysts for catalytic ozonation processes for potable water treatment purposes. It was found that mesoporous silicates and aluminosilicates all possess BET surface areas in excess of 700 m² g⁻¹ and possess well defined pores of uniform dimensions, with the exceptions of the aluminium-substituted highly microporous silicate. Adsorption capacities for the model compounds, cyanuric acid and p-chlorophenol, are over 150 mg/g of material.     

Identification of potential metal oxides for NO2 capture: A density functional theory study

Air pollution issues have become inevitable, and it is necessary to prepare ways to prevent them from eventually affecting human health. This study thermodynamically investigated the NO₂ capture materials based on metal oxide systems using first-principles approaches. In particular, the NO₂ capture performances of the seven compounds CaO, MnO, NiO, SrO, BaO, TiO₂, and SnO₂ were assessed. Herein, BaO and SrO were found to possess the ability to capture NO₂ until the temperature of 757 and 691 K, respectively, at pressures of 0.001-bar NO₂ and 0.01-bar O₂. Furthermore, NO₂ adsorption on a BaO–SrO alloy system was systematically analyzed. The NO₂ adsorption strength on the alloy was found to be −1.732 eV, indicating that NO₂ is chemisorbed on this system. Bader charge results also demonstrated the interactions between the NO₂ adsorbate and the BaO/SrO/BaO(1 0 0) adsorbent.     

血液灌流吸附剂材料的研究进展

血液灌流技术是一种将患者血液引出体外，利用吸附剂材料吸附去除血液中的有害物质，使患者血液得到净化的一种血液净化疗法。其核心是其净化装置中的吸附剂材料。高性能血液灌流吸附剂材料的开发，有助于从根本上改善该疗法对患者的治疗效率和效果，并且减少或根除副反应的发生，从而推动血液灌流技术的发展。综述了近年来血液灌流吸附剂材料的相关研究，包括碳基材料、聚合物基材料、二氧化硅基材料、分子印迹聚合物基材料、吸附膜基材料、新型血液灌流吸附剂等，并对未来血液灌流吸附剂材料的发展进行了展望，以期对新型血液灌流吸附剂的开发提供参考。     

马尾松基磁性水热炭的制备及其吸附性能

磁性水热炭兼具水热炭的吸附性能和磁性材料可回收的优点，是一种具有广阔应用前景的水处理吸附材料。目前，磁性水热炭一般采用两步法制备，工艺较为复杂。为此，本文以马尾松锯末为原料，以FeSO₄作为磁化剂，NaOH作为活化剂，1,2-丙二醇作为还原剂，开发一步法制备磁性水热炭技术。考察了反应温度、反应时间对磁性水热炭产率和结构的影响，采用XRD、SEM、BET、VSM等对产品进行表征，并将磁性水热炭用于去除水中Cu²⁺离子。结果表明：随着反应温度的升高和反应时间的增加，磁性水热炭的产率逐渐降低，但比表面积增加，磁性增强。在水热反应温度为240℃、反应时间为8h的条件下，制备的马尾松基磁性水热炭具有良好的吸附性能和磁性，磁性水热炭对Cu²⁺吸附量为9.58mg/g，最大饱和磁化强度3.74emu/g，具有较好的应用潜力。     

脱氧剂Fe-MOF-74的制备及氧气吸附失活规律

带有金属空位的金属有机骨架材料(MOFs)Fe-MOF-74具有低压下快速选择性捕捉氧气的性能,预示其在特殊领域的精脱氧方面具有较大的应用潜力。通过两种惰性气体保护方法成功合成了Fe-MOF-74材料,实验结果显示流动氩气保护得到的材料晶体较大,而且吸氧量更高;而固定模式填充氩气保护下的反应釜合成的材料晶形较差且吸氧量也相对较低,说明其活性金属空位Fe2+较少。5次氧气吸附测试后发现氧分子会完全占据金属空位且不能被脱除出来,同时也完全失去了再次吸氧的能力;但在低温下(液氮和干冰)氧气可以实现可逆吸脱附。模拟的空气气氛环境中,带有水蒸气的气氛对材料的失活影响更大,因此该材料在应用时应尽量避免与水分子接触。     

Improvement in the quality of used sunflower oil by organic and inorganic adsorbents

The objective of the present work was to improve the quality of used sunflower oil. Inorganic (normal and modified silica gel) and organic (normal and modified cellulose powder) adsorbents were used as regeneration agents. Sunflower oil was heated at 180 ± 5 °C, 4 h every day for five consecutive days. The adsorbent materials were individually added to use sunflower oil at 2% level (w/v). Some physico-chemical characteristics were measured to assess the quality of treated-used sunflower oil. The results indicated that all adsorbents under study were effective in improving the overall quality of used sunflower oil. Normal silica gel with small particle size permitted high adsorbing capacity and close to that induced with Magnesol XL which is used commercially in a large scale to improve oil quality. The polarity of the adsorbent substance had a remarkable effect on removing the secondary oxidation products of used sunflower oil. The mode of adsorbents action is discussed.     

分离用固膜及其制备

本文简述了膜的分类和膜制备技术的发展概况，并对聚合物膜、无机膜和填充吸附剂的聚合物膜的材料、制作过程及其特点进行了系统的评述，同时指出了膜的发展趋势。     

Compressed Air and Gas Purification and Fractionation for High Purity Applications by Improved PSA Processes

Abstract

An objective of this paper is to review the purity requirements for clean air and gases used in industrial and laboratory applications. Also described are the principles applied in the design of regenerative pressure swing adsorption systems to meet the most recent process requirements. Methods developed to reduce the energy consumption of the pressure swing process are described.     

Functionalized Porous Aromatic Frameworks as High‐Performance Adsorbents for the Rapid Removal of Boric Acid from Water

This study demonstrates that functionalized, highly porous polymers are promising for the adsorptive capture of boric acid, a neutral contaminant that is difficult to remove from seawater using conventional reverse osmosis membranes. Appending N‐methyl‐d‐glucamine (NMDG) to the pore walls of high‐surface‐area porous aromatic frameworks (PAFs) yields the adsorbents PAF‐1‐NMDG and P2‐NMDG in a simple two‐step synthesis. The boron‐selective PAFs demonstrate adsorption capacities that are up to 70% higher than those of a commercial boron‐selective resin, Amberlite IRA743, and markedly faster adsorption rates, owing to their higher NMDG loadings and greater porosities relative to the resin. Remarkably, PAF‐1‐NMDG is able to reduce the boron concentration in synthetic seawater from 2.91 to <0.5 ppm in less than 3 min at an adsorbent loading of only 0.3 mg mL^?1. The boron adsorption rate constants of both frameworks, determined via a pseudo‐second‐order rate model, represent the highest values reported in the literature—in most cases orders of magnitude higher than those of other boron‐selective adsorbents. The frameworks can also be readily regenerated via mild acid/base treatment and maintain constant boron adsorption capacities for at least 10 regeneration cycles. These results highlight the numerous advantages of PAFs over traditional porous polymers in water treatment applications.