A modeling method of microburst based on multiple vortex ring

Microburst is a special kind of low-level wind shear, which may do great damage to aircrafts. Modelling of a microburst is significant for flight simulations. In this paper we adopt multiple vortex ring principle to model microburst and propose a new parameter selection method of multiple vortex ring model. We treat the parameters selection as an optimization problem, and introduce the differential evolution algorithm into it. A nested differential evolution algorithm is proposed to complete the two optimization process, objective optimization and intermediate optimization. The simulation results show that this method can flexibly generate microburst with any maximum wind velocity.     

三角形小翼纵向涡发生器的流动换热

探究了加装三角形小翼纵向涡发生器的H形翅片换热流动特性.模拟结果显示,随着来流速度的增加,回流区里的气流温度逐渐升高;随着雷诺数的增加,压力损失、努谢尔数增大,进出口温差、欧拉数、换热因子和综合性能都减小.随着攻角的增大,加装纵向涡发生器的单H形翅片的进出口温差、压力损失、努谢尔数、欧拉数和换热因子都增大,而综合性能先增大后减小.     

涡流式竖井溢洪道研究述评

近几年国内许多单位开展了溢洪道内消能工的研究，内容包括孔板消能工、空腔消能工、阶梯消能工、同轴反向内消能工、单向涡旋内消能工等．对涡流式竖井消能工的研究也比较集中，其所具有的良好的水力特性和消能效果受到工程界的重视．传统的泄流方式在高水头、大流量、高流速运行条件下，会受到空化空蚀及流动失稳等问题的困扰，修建涡流式竖井泄洪洞是解决上述难点的有效方法之一．由于它的综合消能率在５０％以上，能有效地降低洞内流速，因而选用涡流式竖井溢洪道不失为将导流洞改建成泄洪洞或单独修建泄洪洞的较佳选择．     

旋流燃烧器的冷态试验研究

通过轴向可动叶轮旋流燃烧器改造方案的冷态模拟试验，给出了冷态空气动力场的测量结果．对测量结果进行了有益的讨论，得到的结论对旋流燃烧器的改造提供了基本依据     

STUDY OF AIRFLOW HOMOGENEITY STANDARD IN REGENERATIVE CHAMBER OF TANK FURNACE

The authers compared six used criterions ofinflucencing homogeneity of moving airflow in virtue of er-rors such as variance Q,average square deviation T,homoge-neous indices H,inhomogeneous degree W,range R and non-uniform index S.The auther think that the effects of the er-rors will be magnified when all these old stnadards were cal-culated,especially for higher airflow homogeneity,thus,thereliability of these norms would be reduced.The authers putforward two new standards to lower influence of error.     

Effect of Vortex Restructuring on Heat Transfer in an “Inverted” Flame

The papers deals with formation of vortex structures during combustion of a fuel gas–air mixture injected vertically down through a hole in a flat plate. It has been established that the shape, position, and number of vortex cells are determined by the flow rate and composition of the fuel mixture. It is shown that as the flow rate increases from the minimum critical value for which a vortex structure arises, the number of vortex cells decreases from five or six to one. A further increase in the gas flow rate leads to transition to turbulence of the combustion product flow. The presence of a vortex structure increases the critical Reynolds number at which the flow becomes turbulent. Reverse transition to the structure with an increased number of vortex cells occurs with a delay in the gas flow rate (gas discharge hysteresis). Variation in flow rate is accompanied by bifurcation of the number of vortex cells.     

ENERGY REQUIREMENTS FOR DRYING LARGE ROUND BALES

Uniform density and softcore large round forage bales were dried under a variety of airflow and temperature regimes. The energy required to operate the fans and heaters was measured as the bales dried to an average final moisture content of 18 percent, wet basis. The energy requirement for drying both types of bales was found to be 33 kWh/tonne dry matter/moisture point reduction.

The soft-core bales tended to dry at a faster rate than the uniform density bales. Also, the final moisture content variation within the softcore bales was less than that within uniform density bales.     

基于涡街压电信号的质量流量计

通过对涡街流量传感器的信号分析,发现涡街信号的幅值和流体的密度及其流速的平方成正比,而涡街信号的频率与流体的速度成正比,所以,涡街信号中包含了流体的流速和密度的信息,提出用涡街信号的幅值进行密度补偿的方法,并通过实验加以验证。     

喷嘴对涡流管能量分离效应影响

涡流管,又称兰克-赫尔胥（Ranque-Hilsch）管．它是一种结构非常简单的能量分离装置,由一根两端开口的管子以及喷嘴、孔板和调节阀构成,工作时高压气体由进气管进入喷嘴,经喷嘴内膨胀加速后,以很高的速度沿切线方向进入涡流室,气流在涡流室内形成高速涡旋,由于热阀与冷端孔板之间的压力差,在涡流管内的中心区域形成回流气体,经过涡流变换后分离成总温不相等的两部分气流．其中,处于中心部位的回流气流温度较低,     

A review of the statistical turbulence theory required extending the population balance closure models to the entire spectrum of turbulence

The models for fluid particle breakage and coalescence due to turbulence are generally limited to the inertial subrange of isotropic turbulence and infinite Reynolds numbers. A rigorous procedure for extending the fluid particle breakage and coalescence closures to the entire spectrum of isotropic turbulence and for a wider range of Reynolds numbers can be established based on statistical turbulence theory. The modeling procedure consists of a three‐dimensional (3‐D) literature model energy spectrum for the dissipation, inertial, and energy containing subranges of isotropic turbulence, and an exact literature integral relation for determining the second‐order longitudinal structure function from the 3‐D energy spectrum. A review of the requisite statistical turbulence theory and the use of the model energy spectrum is provided, because the necessary details are not easily accessible in the chemical engineering literature and misconceptions are found in the publications of the previous modeling attempts. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 1795–1820, 2016