薄膜用高性能LLDPE树脂的开发

采用气相流化床工艺,使用钛系催化剂,以1-己烯作共聚单体,采用连续不停车切换生产薄膜用高性能线型低密度聚乙烯树脂。测试结果表明:树脂的各项性能良好,薄膜的落镖冲击破损质量达92 g;拉伸断裂应力达31.7 MPa;拉伸断裂应变达1 183%。     

表面改性Mg(OH)_2/LDPE复合材料性能的研究

以硬脂酸钠为改性剂,将采用湿法表面改性后的氢氧化镁(Mg(OH)2)填充到低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)中。考察Mg(OH)2用量对Mg(OH)2/LDPE复合材料阻燃性能和力学性能的影响,并对比改性前后力学性能及阻燃性能的差异。结果表明:Mg(OH)2可提高Mg(OH)2/LDPE复合材料的阻燃性和耐热性,但降低了复合材料的力学性能;经硬脂酸钠表面改性的Mg(OH)2可使复合材料力学性能的减弱趋势变得平缓。     

The Effect of Cotton Yarn Properties on Yarn End Breakage

Abstract

In this work the effect of cotton yarn properties on yarn end breakage was investigated. The yarn nominal linear densities were 20, 25 and 36 tex and each of them, had three levels of twists. Following yarn properties were investigated: linear density, twists, tensile strength, elongation at break and irregularity. Standard methods were applied to determine these yarn properties and hronometric method for yarn end breakage was used. It was only the yarn linear density, among all yarn properties, that showed significant correlation with yarn end breakage (-0,75 to -0,96). It was shown that about 80% of all yarn end breakage are occurred in places with fineness lower than average cross section of the yarn that point out that the thin places of the yarn are inclined to breaking. Also, the mutuality effect of geometrical characteristics and physical-mechanical properties of the yarn on end breakage was investigated.     

石榴石固态电解质的冷烧结工艺制备及性能

以LiNO3、Al(NO3)3·9H2O、La(NO3)3·6H2O、ZrO(NO3)2·5H2O为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备Li5.95Al0.35La3Zr2O12粉体,随后加入聚乙烯醇（PVA）水溶液作为液相介质,通过冷烧结工艺制备Li5.95Al0.35La3Zr2O12石榴石固态电解质。冷烧结工艺后采用后续热处理改善离子传导性能。采用质量体积法和电化学阻抗谱对Li5.95Al0.35La3Zr2O12石榴石固态电解质的体积密度和离子电导率进行了测试,采用XRD与SEM进行晶体结构与形貌表征。结果表明,冷烧结时间和压力对样品的晶体结构几乎没有影响。冷烧结时间过长会导致样品开裂,在15~30 min时,冷烧结时间对样品的致密性和电导率影响不大,在烧结时间较短的样品中发现了杂相。提高冷烧结压力可明显提高样品的致密性和电导率,在200℃、510 MPa、30 min的冷烧结条件下可以获得具有较高离子电导率（2.66×10-6 S/cm）的Li5.95Al0.35La3Zr2O12石榴石固态电解质,此时材料的晶界电阻较小。但继续增加冷烧结压力,由于热处理过程中第二相的分解和晶粒生长受到抑制,样品的致密性和电导率反而下降。     

不同干密度尾矿料压缩特性探究

为研究不同干密度尾矿料的压缩特性,采用筛分法将尾矿料分别配制成不同干密度的尾矿砂及尾矿土,进行渗透、压缩试验。试验表明:尾矿砂的沉降主要发生在施加荷载的早期阶段,且沉降量较大。压缩模量随着干密度的增大而增大,压缩系数随着干密度的增大而减小,在相同压力增量下,尾矿土的压缩性更强。     

A Student's t-based density peaks clustering with superpixel segmentation (tDPCSS) method for image color clustering

Image color clustering is a basic technique in image processing and computer vision, which is often applied in image segmentation, color transfer, contrast enhancement, object detection, skin color capture, and so forth. Various clustering algorithms have been employed for image color clustering in recent years. However, most of the algorithms require a large amount of memory or a predetermined number of clusters. In addition, some of the existing algorithms are sensitive to the parameter configurations. In order to tackle the above problems, we propose an image color clustering method named Student's t-based density peaks clustering with superpixel segmentation (tDPCSS), which can automatically obtain clustering results, without requiring a large amount of memory, and is not dependent on the parameters of the algorithm or the number of clusters. In tDPCSS, superpixels are obtained based on automatic and constrained simple non-iterative clustering, to automatically decrease the image data volume. A Student's t kernel function and a cluster center selection method are adopted to eliminate the dependence of the density peak clustering on parameters and the number of clusters, respectively. The experiments undertaken in this study confirmed that the proposed approach outperforms k-means, fuzzy c-means, mean-shift clustering, and density peak clustering with superpixel segmentation in the accuracy of the cluster centers and the validity of the clustering results.     

Survey of acceptor dopants in SrTiO3: Factors limiting room temperature hole concentration

Unintentional impurities often found in strontium titanate (doped or undoped) have hindered efforts to study individual impurities experimentally. To fill this gap, a computational survey of acceptor-type point defects of common intentional or unintentional impurities (Al, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, N, Na, Ni, and Zn) is presented. Utilizing defect formation energies from density functional theory using hybrid exchange correlation functionals in a grand canonical model of the defect chemistry, the equilibrium Fermi level (μ_e) was calculated as a function of processing conditions for pure SrTiO₃, SrTiO₃ individually doped with each impurity, and SrTiO₃ co-doped with Al and N. Above a certain concentration, each impurity reduced the maximum predicted hole concentration relative to the intrinsic case. Al, Mg, Zn, K, and Na exhibited similar trends and behaved more like ideal acceptors while N, Ni, Fe, Mn, and Cu were all unique and pinned μ_e near or above the mid-gap in most conditions. Al/N:SrTiO₃ also exhibited similar trends at 800°C for all Al/N ratios, but more variation at 25°C. Additionally, the behavior of Al:SrTiO₃ was not recovered until Al/N = 10⁴. This suggests that to achieve SrTiO₃ with free holes at room temperature, the concentration of most impurities must be controlled.     

Thermal history and its implications: A case study for ion exchange

Glasses containing monovalent species can be chemically strengthened by the replacement of smaller ions in the glass with larger external ions in the near glass surface. This type of ion exchange puts glass surface under high compressive stress (CS). Glass mainly fails from tension with the presence of surface flaws. Chemical strengthening can change the stress at the flaw tip from tension to compression and further stop the flaw from propagating. Glass damage resistance is therefore significantly improved. For the same glass composition, glass thermal histories can affect the magnitude and depth of the CS generated during ion exchange. In this study, the impact of thermal history on glass physical properties and ion exchange attributes in one alkali-containing glass formed by fusion draw process was investigated. Multiple thermal treatments were done to rewrite the glass thermal histories. Glass density, refractive index, and ion-exchange properties as a function of the thermal treatment were studied. It is concluded that ion exchange-related properties change dramatically with the glass thermal history.     

Density functional theory and machine learning guided search for RE2Si2O7 with targeted coefficient of thermal expansion

Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and machine learning (ML) methods are used to establish a relationship between the crystal structures of rare-earth (RE) disilicates (RE₂Si₂O₇) and their coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). The DFT total energy data predict the presence of several energetically competing crystal structures, which is rationalized as one of the reasons for observing polymorphism. An ensemble of support vector regression models is trained to rapidly predict the CTE as a function of RE₂Si₂O₇ crystal chemistry. Experiments subsequently validated the structure and CTE predictions for Sm₂Si₂O₇.     

Multicomponent bulk metal nitride (Nb1/3Ta1/3Ti1/3)N1−δ synthesis via reaction flash sintering and characterizations

In this research, near fully dense single phase bulk multicomponent transition metal nitride (Nb_1/3Ta_1/3Ti_1/3)N_1−δ has been successfully synthesized from mixed commercial powders of NbN, TaN and TiN via reaction flash sintering technique. This was performed with an applied pressure of ~ 35 MPa at 25°C under a constant DC electric field (~24-32 V/cm). The flash event, which is the abrupt increase in current (up to ~ 25.2 A/mm²) and temperature, occurred without preheating. The threshold power dissipation on the sample right before the flash is ~ 0.7 W/mm³. The formation of single phase (Nb_1/3Ta_1/3Ti_1/3)N_1−δ random solid solution and its compositional uniformity were confirmed by XRD and EDS, respectively. The effects of ball milling duration and limiting current density on phase formation were studied. Simulation based on Joule heating provides an estimate of the ultimate sample temperature of ~ 1850°C. Vickers hardness of the obtained (Nb_1/3Ta_1/3Ti_1/3)N_1−δ is 17.6 ± 0.6 GPa, which is comparable to similarly flash sintered ingredient binary nitrides of TaN and NbN. TGA in air shows that the oxidation resistance of (Nb_1/3Ta_1/3Ti_1/3)N_1−δ is better than that of TaN and NbN but inferior to TiN. The study demonstrates that reaction flash sintering can be a highly efficient technique for synthesizing bulk multicomponent ceramics for both material fundamental investigations and application development.