Electrodeposition and corrosion resistance of Ni–P–TiN composite coating on AZ91D magnesium alloy

In order to improve the corrosion resistance and microhardness of AZ91D magnesium alloy, TiN nanoparticles were added to fabricate Ni–P–TiN composite coating by electrodeposition. The surface, cross-section morphology and composition were examined using SEM, EDS and XRD, and the corrosion resistance was checked by electrochemical technology. The results indicate that TiN nanoparticles were doped successfully in the Ni–P matrix after a series of complex pretreatments including activation, zinc immersion and pre-electroplating, which enhances the stability of magnesium alloy in electrolyte and the adhesion between magnesium alloy and composite coating. The microhardness of the Ni–P coating increases dramatically by adding TiN nanoparticles and subsequent heat treatment. The corrosion experimental results indicate that the corrosion resistance of Ni–P–TiN composite coating is much higher than that of uncoated AZ91D magnesium alloy and similar with Ni–P coating in short immersion time. However, TiN nanoparticles play a significant role in long-term corrosion resistance of composite coatings.     

电沉积层厚度分布均匀性的研究进展

厚度分布尽可能均匀是绝大多数电沉积应用场合努力实现的目标。从电解液组分、电源、电沉积槽、阳极与阴极的结构形状及布局、电解液的搅拌方式等方面介绍了它们与电沉积层厚度分布之间的关系及其研究进展。协同改善电沉积过程中阴极的电场与流场分布是众多研究的主要思路,并在经验性改进方案和案例性数值仿真方面取得很大进展。未来的探索应更多地从理论角度提出通用性解决方案。     

脉冲参数对Cu-Sn-PTFE镀层组织结构和性能的影响

用脉冲电沉积的方法,在焦磷酸盐电解液中制备Cu Sn PTFE复合镀层,研究电流密度、脉冲频率、占空比等对镀层组织结构、成分、硬度及摩擦学性能的影响。结果表明,随电流密度和脉冲占空比的减小,复合镀层表面变得细腻,硬度逐渐增加;而随着脉冲频率的增大,镀层的摩擦因数有下降的趋势;复合镀层中的氟元素含量越高,镀层硬度越低,而镀层中的PTFE颗粒在摩擦过程中使得镀层具有优异的自润滑性能。在电流密度为25 A/dm2、频率3 000 Hz、占空比60%的脉冲参数组合下,复合镀层的组织均匀,PTFE含量高,摩擦学性能也最优异。     

Pulsed electrodeposition of carbon nanotubes-hydroxyapatite nanocomposites for carbon/carbon composites

Carbon nanotubes-hydroxyapatite (CNTs-HA) composite coatings, which behaved like single composites, were synthesized by a combined method composed of electrophoretic deposition and pulsed electrodeposition. The phase compositions and the microstructure of the composite coatings were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR). Potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) studies showed that the CNTs-HA composite coatings protected the bare carbon/carbon composites from corrosion in simulated body fluid (SBF) solution. The adhesion strength of CNTs-HA composite coating prepared by the combined method is 14.57±1.06 MPa achieved at the CNTs EPD time of 10 min. Compared to the other CNTs-HA composite coatings with different content of CNTs, the CNT-HA composite coating with the electrophoretic deposition of 10 min showed the best corrosion resistance. The morphology of CNTs-HA composite coatings immersed in SBF solution rendered the formation of HA crystallites. In addition, in vitro cellular responses to the CNTs-HA composite coatings were assessed to investigate the proliferation and morphology of mouse cells 3T3 cell line.     

沉积时间对镁合金表面Ca-P生物涂层耐蚀性能的影响

目的：镁合金在生物医学领域具有很好的应用前景,为消除其在人体环境中降解速度过快的不足,需在镁合金表面制备一层能够降低其腐蚀速度且具有很好生物相容性的防护涂层。方法采用电沉积法在AZ91D镁合金表面制备Ca-P生物涂层,沉积条件为：在Ca(NO3)2和NH4H2PO4浓度分别为0.1 mol/L和0.06 mol/L的电解液中,pH值4.5,沉积电压2 V,沉积时间分别为1、2、3和4 h。采用XRD、SEM/EDS分析Ca-P涂层的相结构、微观形貌和化学成分,测试Ca-P涂层在Hank,s模拟体液中的极化曲线。结果镁基体表面均获得物相为 DCPD(二水合磷酸氢钙)的生物涂层,但涂层表面形貌随沉积时间的不同变化明显,当沉积时间为3 h时,涂层颗粒尺寸均匀、细小,涂层钙磷比为1.324。极化曲线结果表明,沉积1 h时涂层对基体已有一定的防护作用,随着沉积时间的加长,涂层的腐蚀电压也呈增大趋势。相对镁基体,沉积3 h的涂层腐蚀电位升高了180 mV,腐蚀电流密度降低了3个数量级。结论当沉积时间为3 h时,涂层的耐蚀性最好。     

氧化处理对电沉积吸液芯性能的影响研究

目的 通过研究自然氧化、过氧化氢氧化和130℃氧化处理对电沉积吸液芯润湿性和毛细性能的影响,探究吸液芯毛细性能在空气中衰减的原因。方法 通过电沉积在铜表面制备一层多孔铜吸液芯,分别对吸液芯进行自然氧化、过氧化氢浸泡和130℃烘烤处理,利用接触角测量和毛细上升法分析吸液芯表面的润湿性和毛细性能,通过扫描电镜(SEM)观察吸液芯微观形貌,采用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和傅里叶红外光谱分析吸液芯表面成分。结果 3种氧化处理后,吸液芯的润湿性与毛细性能有明显差异。自然氧化处理和过氧化氢处理的吸液芯均表现为超亲水,接触角为0°,而130℃烘烤的吸液芯表现为超疏水,接触角高达150.49°。水在过氧化氢处理的吸液芯表面的运行速度比在自然氧化的表面更快。3种不同状态的吸液芯微观形貌都为树枝状结构,没有明显差异。XPS图显示,自然氧化处理的吸液芯表面部分氧化,存在76.4%(质量分数)Cu₂O;130℃烘烤的试样表面全部氧化,为60.6%的Cu₂O和39.4%的CuO;而过氧化氢浸泡的表面为100%的CuO₂。结论 3种氧化处理不会改变...     

激光同步辐照对电化学沉积铜组织结构及结合力的影响

目的 解决单一电化学沉积制备铜镀层沉积速度慢、沉积颗粒易团聚、晶粒生长不均匀及其与基体结合力差等问题。方法 采用沉积前激光处理、沉积过程激光同步辐照的方法,在316L不锈钢上制备铜涂层,通过光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、自动划痕仪分析了铜镀层表面形貌、截面厚度、涂层物相和结合力,探究了激光的增强作用和复合沉积技术下镀层的生长机制。结果 激光同步辐照促进了晶粒的高择优取向及沉积电位的正移。单一晶面的高择优取向利于提高镀层晶粒生长的均匀性,使镀层表面的凸起、孔洞明显减少,变得平整致密。同时,激光同步辐照使镀层表面粗糙度维持在一个较低的范围,使沉积质量不会随沉积时间的增加而降低,有利于电化学沉积的继续进行,实现镀层增厚。相同沉积时间(60 min)下,传统电化学沉积所得镀层的沉积厚度为62.62μm,表面粗糙度为4.741μm;而激光同步复合电化学沉积所得镀层的沉积厚度为138.39μm,表面粗糙度为0.995μm;且镀层表现出与基体更佳的结合力,与基体间的极限载荷可达98.2 N。结论 激光同步辐照提高了铜镀层的沉积效率、质量及其与基体间的结合力。     

基于低共熔溶剂电沉积铁纳米晶体：过电位、氢键给体对形貌的影响

系统研究铁在3种低共熔溶剂中的电沉积行为以及过电位和氢键给体对铁沉积物形貌的影响。结果表明,在DES1和DES2中,过电位对铁沉积物形貌没有明显影响,但在DES3中过电位对铁纳米粒子的形貌有显著影响。此外,研究结果还证实了氢键给体的种类对铁沉积物的形成有着密切的联系:尿素氢键给体有助于片状网络结构铁膜的形成;乙二醇氢键给体有助于准球形铁纳米粒子的形成;而乙二醇和丙二酸氢键给体的协同作用有助于空心球和类毛线球状等纳米粒子的形成。     

The effect of different post-electroplating surface modification treatments on tin whisker growth

There are very few studies that have investigated directly the effect of an oxide film on tin whisker growth, since the ‘cracked oxide theory’ was proposed by Tu in 1994. The current study has investigated the effect of both a molybdate conversion coating and a tungstate conversion coating on tin whisker growth from Sn–Cu electrodeposits on Cu, and compared it with that from an electrochemically formed oxide produced from a potassium bicarbonate-potassium carbonate electrolyte. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has been used to investigate the effect of both immersion time and applied potential on the thickness and composition of the oxide film. The XPS studies show that the oxide film formed using either of the conversion coating baths is significantly thicker than that produced from the potassium bicarbonate-potassium carbonate bath. Initial observations suggest that both the tungstate-based conversion coatings and the molybdate-based conversion coatings significantly reduce whisker growth by over 80% for all conversion coating systems compared with a native air-formed oxide and provide improved mitigation compared with the electrochemically formed oxides previously investigated.     

搅拌速度和颗粒尺寸对复合电沉积Ni-cBN复合量的影响及机理分析

决定金属-陶瓷复合耐磨镀层摩擦学性能最为关键的因素是硬质强化颗粒的尺寸和含量。通过分别选用两种粒径的cBN颗粒,在氨基磺酸镀镍液中电沉积Ni-cBN复合镀层,研究搅拌速度和颗粒粒径对复合量的影响规律,并对其影响机理进行分析。研究结果显示,随搅拌速度的增加,两种粒径的cBN颗粒的复合量均呈现先升高后降低的趋势,且在搅拌速度偏高时,较大粒径cBN颗粒的复合量的下降趋势更加明显。从搅拌速度、颗粒粒径、复合量三者之间的关系分析,颗粒与电沉积金属层之间不是单纯依靠机械结合,两者之间应该存在一定的界面作用力,使得在镀层厚度与颗粒粒径之比很小时,颗粒就能被镀层捕获。