Flakes of natural carbyne in a diamond mine

Flakes of natural carbyne were found in Liao-Ning diamond mine, China, and examined by HRTEM, XRD and EDX. Lattice fringes and clear SAD patterns were obtained. The interlayer spacings obtained with SAD were in good agreement with those determined on the powders found in Ries crater meteorite by X-ray diffraction. However, they are different in color and shape, the one found in China being black and flaky, but the one in Ries crater meteorite being silver-white and particulate. It was assumed that carbyne might be stabilized by the intercalation of either Si or Fe in nature.     

The effect of feedstock and process conditions on the synthesis of high purity CNTs from aromatic hydrocarbons

High purity multi-walled carbon nanotubes were synthesized from aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, xylene and trimethyl benzene) using ferrocene as the source of Fe catalyst. Screening studies of aromatic feeds at 675 °C, residence time of 14 s and Fe/C atom ratio of 1.07%, resulted in feedstock carbon conversion of 20-31%, CNT yield of 19.8-30.5%, and catalyst yield of 5.3-8.3 (g CNT/g catalyst). While the quality of the CNTs as determined by TGA, SEM, TEM and Raman spectroscopy, were high and comparable for different feedstocks; their carbon conversion, CNT yield and catalyst yield differed noticeably. A process optimization study for toluene feed showed that carbon conversion of more than 39%, CNT yield of 38.7% and catalyst yield of 18.3 can be achieved at temperature of 800 °C, Fe/C atom ratio of 0.47%, and residence time of 10-20 s.     

耐候聚丙烯的微观结构分析

使用电子显微镜、偏光显微镜对耐候聚丙烯在加入不同添加剂后的微观结构进行了研究分析，并同日产耐候聚丙烯PPBC3B的结构作了对比。     

Synthesis of helically coiled carbon nanotubes by reducing ethyl ether with metallic zinc

Helically coiled carbon nanotubes (HCNTs) with diameter of 50-100 nm were obtained on a large scale by reducing ethyl ether with metallic zinc at 700 °C. As the temperature was raised to 750 °C, most of the products were solid carbon spheres besides HCNTs. X-ray diffraction pattern and the Raman spectroscopy indicate that the product is graphite phase. HCNTs with diameter of 50-100 nm in large quantity were found in the products.     

Electron beam irradiation of ethylene‐propylene terpolymer: Evaluation of trimethylol propane trimethacrylate as a crosslink promoter

The effect of electron beam irradiation on ethylene‐propylene terpolymer (EPDM) was investigated. A 50‐part oil‐extended EPDM with high termonomer (ENB) content (iodine number of base polymer) 19, was selected for this study. An increase in irradiation dose from 0 to 200 kGy resulted in increased crosslinking, measured by an increase in gel contents and better swelling resistance. The effect of the multifunctional monomer trimethylol propane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA) as a crosslink promoter was studied using IR spectroscopy. The IR studies revealed enhanced peak absorbances at 1725, 1257, and 1023 cm^?1 as a result of the increased concentration of C = O and C‐O‐C groups and reduced absorbance at 1630 cm^?1 due decreased concentration of C = C groups with TMPTMA level in the irradiated samples. The presence of TMPTMA increased the level of crosslinking at a given irradiation dose, which was manifested by improvement in tensile properties. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 968–975, 2005     

Studies on relationship between activity and electron density on carbonyl oxygen in sex pheromone mimics of the American cockroach,part XI

From the relationship between structures of the 2-substituents of verbanyl analogs and their sex pheromone activities to the American cockroach, electron density of the carbonyl oxygen atom in the substituent, as estimated by the [¹⁷O]NMR chemical shift, was estimated to be an important factor which influenced the activity, in addition to length of the substituent and the position of the carbonyl group. (+)-Verbanyl methylcarbonate (XX), possessing the highest electron density on the carbonyl oxygen atom, showed the strongest activity among the analogs.For Part X, see Manabe et al., 1983. J. Chem. Ecol. 9:533–549.     

Fabrication of suspended carbon microstructures by e-beam writer and pyrolysis

A fabrication process has been developed to create suspended carbon microelectromechanical system (C-MEMS) structures. SU-8, a negative photoresist, was used as the starting material and was converted to the desired carbon microstructures using pyrolysis in an inert atmosphere. Suspended carbon-micro and nano electromechanical system (C-MEMS/NEMS) structures with feature sizes down to 500 nm were fabricated by ultra violet/electron beam (EB) lithography and pyrolysis. The problem of charging of the non-conductive SU-8 surface was solved by partially masking a thin metal layer to prevent the repulsion of negative charged electrons before EB writing. Complex suspended C-MEMS structures, such as bridges and networks have been formed. This fabrication method can accurately and reproducibly produce various suspended C-MEMS structures which have applications in microelectronics and biosensing.     

The influence of potential on the anodic dissolution of SIMFUEL (UO2)

The influence of potential on the anodic dissolution of SIMFUEL (doped uranium dioxide) has been characterized over the range 0-500 mV (versus SCE). Cathodic stripping voltammetry was used to determine the changes in surface reactivity of UO₂ in neutral solutions after different anodic oxidation timescales. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to view the damage to the SIMFUEL electrode surface which was minimal at E < 200 mV but present as local pits and eroded grains after oxidation at higher potentials. Long-term anodic oxidation at potentials below 200 mV suggests that local acidification can develop within surface asperities in the fuel and pores in corrosion product deposits accumulated on the electrode surface.     

掺锰BaTiO3 PTCR陶瓷的电子顺磁共振研究

利用电子顺磁共振（EPR）方法对Mn掺杂的BaTiO3 PTCR陶瓷在120－450K的温度范围内进行了研究，研究结果表明：高自旋Mn^2 离子的6重谱线非常明显，表征谱线位置的g因子为2．009 9,Mn^2 离子信号弱弱与BaTiO3晶体结构密切相关，Mn^2 离子信号的温度分布呈U型，即在三方相和立方相时，信号强度较强，而在四方相和斜方相时信号很弱，这是因为在四方相和斜方相中，由于BaTiO3晶体结构的扭曲和畸变，导致Mn^2 和Vo空位缔合生成Mn^2 -Vo复合缺陷，未成对电子的消失以及复合缺陷n^2 -Vo的生成最Mn^2 在四方相和斜方相（200－380K）消失的主因，实验中没有发现Mn^3 和Mn^4 的信号，而与实验的环境条件一致，掺Mn后样品Curie点的漂移可能是Mn进入晶格的一个判据，此外，由于试样的n(Ba)/n(Ti)=1，因而没有发现钡空位VBa及其它的复合缺陷（如：VBa-Mn^2 ,Mn^3 -Vo,La^3 -Mn^3 等），Mn^2 离子等电子陷阱的生长是Curie温度处电阻骤然增加的主要原因。     

Barium Carbonate Phase on the Surfaces of Barium Titanate Particles and in Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy Observation of Its Decomposition

A BaCO₃ phase is found on the surfaces of hydrothermally synthesized BaTiO₃ particles; it occurs as aggregates or small protuberances. A small proportion of the phase decomposes to BaO crystallites when heated by a convergent electron beam in a transmission electron microscope. The BaO and BaCO₃ crystallites disappear when they are irradiated successively by the convergent electron beam. The BaO crystallites and the BaCO₃ phase sublimate and/or react with BaTiO₃ crystals whose surface layers are deficient in Ba²⁺ ions.